Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion accounts for 10%-20% of ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome, with ovarian teratomas being an exceptionally rare source. We present a female in her early 40s with severe Cushing syndrome due to ectopic ACTH secretion from a mature ovarian teratoma. She presented with progressive weight gain, moon facies, dorsocervical fat pad, proximal muscle weakness, hypertension and new-onset diabetes. Biochemical evaluation confirmed ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism with elevated cortisol, plasma ACTH, late-night salivary cortisol, urinary free cortisol and failure of dexamethasone suppression. Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) confirmed an ectopic source. After negative pituitary and thoracoabdominal imaging, pelvic imaging identified a large right ovarian mass. Laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, and histopathology confirmed a mature cystic teratoma with ACTH-positive neuroendocrine cells. Postoperatively, the patient achieved complete clinical and biochemical remission with full hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis recovery at 1 year follow-up. This case underscores the systematic diagnostic approach required for ectopic ACTH syndrome-including biochemical confirmation, IPSS to distinguish pituitary from ectopic sources and comprehensive imaging-as well as the importance of considering uncommon tumour sites, including ovarian teratomas, when standard thoracoabdominal imaging is unrevealing.

Gastric synovial sarcoma (GSS) is an exceptionally rare mesenchymal malignancy, with only 51 cases reported. We present a case of a man in his 50s with dyspeptic symptoms and epigastric pain. Gastroscopy revealed an ulcerous tumour below the gastro-oesophageal junction. Histology, immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis confirmed SS18::SSX1 fusion, diagnostic of synovial sarcoma. The patient underwent successful robot-assisted partial gastric resection with negative margins. No recurrence was noted at 6-month follow-up. This case underscores the diagnostic challenge of GSS, the critical role of molecular techniques and the efficacy of minimally invasive surgical management.

One of the most prevalent oral cancers, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is distinguished by its rapid growth, invasiveness, and high metastatic potential. Green AgNPs are important because they can reduce systemic toxicity by inducing oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis in cancer cells. The goal of this study was to use saponins as natural stabilizers to create AgNPs, and the detrimental apoptotic effects on cancer cells were examined using high-content screening (HCS) assays such as TNI, CMP, and VCC.

The aim of this study was to identify and quantify the risk factors with the greatest impact on the development of CIN2+ in patients with low-grade cytology and either HPV-negative or high-risk HPV-positive (non-16/18) results. The secondary aim was to develop and validate a multiparameter, risk-based prediction system.

HPV types 16 and 18 are associated with 70% of invasive cervical cancers. Between these two types of HPV, HPV type 16 is more commonly found in cervical cancer patients, whereas HPV type 18 is less frequently reported. Currently, the molecular mechanism underlying the increased cancer risk in HPV type 16, compared to HPV type 18, has not yet been fully elucidated.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of CD8⁺ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8⁺ TILs), microvascular density (MVD), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with the TNM (Tumor-Node-Metastasis) stage, as well as to analyze their interrelationships in colorectal adenocarcinoma.

To evaluate oncological outcomes and potential risk factors for local recurrence (LR) and distant metastasis (DM) after upfront surgery in patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-defined cT3 rectal cancer, with an uninvolved circumferential resection margin (mrCRM) and no extramural vascular invasion (EMVI), in a Vietnamese cohort.

Populations living near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (SNTS) in Kazakhstan were chronically exposed to low-to-moderate doses of ionizing radiation due to atmospheric nuclear testing (1949-1962). While the effects of acute exposures are well documented, data on long-term endocrine outcomes in chronically exposed adults remain limited.

Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) is increasingly applied in the management of liver cancers. Flattening filter-free (FFF) beams, which offer higher dose rates, enable faster delivery and improved patient comfort. This retrospective study compares the dosimetric and delivery characteristics of SBRT using FFF and conventional flattened beams for the treatment of multiple liver targets.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The long non-coding RNA MEG3 functions as a tumor suppressor in several cancers, potentially influencing gene expression through transcriptional, translational, and epigenetic mechanisms. let-7i plays a role in leukemia progression. This study aimed to evaluate MEG3 gene expression in adult ALL patients and investigate its possible regulatory interaction with let-7i-3p and let-7i-5p.

This study aimed to create a genetic and clinical roadmap for the TGF-β pathway in an Iraqi population, focusing on the TGF-β1 (+869 C/T) polymorphism.

Lymphoma is the most common hematologic malignancy in Thailand, with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) being the predominant subtype. Early prognostic indicators are essential for guiding clinical decisions. Genetic alterations, particularly in regulatory regions, may serve as potential biomarkers. This study investigated sequence alterations upstream of exon 1 of the OSBPL10 gene and their clinical relevance in a Northern Thai DLBCL population.

Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the third most common cause of cancer-related death. The five-year overall survival (OS) rate for patients with unresectable HCC is only 12%. Currently, systemic therapies have become the primary treatment options for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies comparing the efficacy of first-line treatments including lenvatinib, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, and sorafenib have shown inconsistent results. There remains a need for updated comparative evidence on cross-mechanism therapy regimens for unresectable disease, as existing findings are still not completely clear. This network meta-analysis aims to provide clearer insights into which treatment offers greater efficacy for patients with unresectable HCC.

To compare the expression of the MAGEB2 antibody in normal oral mucosa (NOM), oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, and to evaluate the association of MAGEB2 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival in OSCC patients.

Despite advancements in multimodal therapies, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) continues to exhibit poor clinical outcomes, particularly in advanced and recurrent cases. Recent studies have identified the calcium-binding protein S100A2 as a critical mediator of OSCC progression and resistance to therapy. Our prior work demonstrated that cytoplasmic overexpression of S100A2 in oral cancer patients is associated with tumor recurrence and reduced survival. Given its reported role in promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cellular proliferation, and invasiveness, we investigated the in vitro functional impact of S100A2 inhibition in OSCC.

Breast cancer (BC) is a complex illness that affects millions of women globally. As its incidence rises, new treatment strategies are needed. Veratrum viride, a traditional medicinal herb, is known for its therapeutic potential, yet its molecular mechanism of action against BC remains unclear. The purpose of this preliminary investigation is to assess V. viride's anti-breast cancer potential by identifying its active compounds and using bioinformatics techniques to clarify their multi-target mechanisms.

Tumor budding (TB) has been recommended as a marker for prognosis and therapeutic decision-making in various types of cancer, yet it has not been comprehensively studied in gynecological malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between TB and clinicopathological features, as well as prognosis, in patients with gynecological malignancies, using a Bayesian meta-analysis design.

Brain metastases (BM) are a major complication in metastatic breast cancer, especially in HER2-positive and triple-negative subtypes. Despite advances in systemic therapy, BM remains associated with a poor prognosis and often requires radiotherapy. This study evaluates the outcomes of brain irradiation across subtypes and proposes a prognostic scoring system to guide treatment.

The management of Stage IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is complex. The current staging system does not distinguish between ipsilateral and contralateral supraclavicular lymph node involvement, although this distinction may impact prognosis. This study investigates the differences in prognosis between these two presentations of N3 disease.

Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in breast cancer progression. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a major proinflammatory enzyme that is often overexpressed in tumor cells. Eleutherine bulbosa (Dayak onion) is a traditional Indonesian medicinal plant with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a combination of ethanol extract of E. bulbosa and tamoxifen on COX-2 levels in a 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced BALB/c mouse model.