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1. Comparison of supplemental breast cancer imaging techniques-interim results from the BRAID randomised controlled trial.
作者: Fiona J Gilbert.;Nicholas R Payne.;Iris Allajbeu.;Lim Yit.;Sarah Vinnicombe.;Iain Lyburn.;Nisha Sharma.;Will Teh.;Jonathan James.;Archana Seth.;Tamara Suaris.;Reena Aggarwal.;Miaad Al-Attar.;Sarah Savaridas.;Antonis Antoniou.;Paul Pharoah.;Stephen Duffy.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10493期1935-1944页
It is not known which supplemental imaging technique is most beneficial for women with dense breasts attending breast screening. This study compares abbreviated MRI, automated whole breast ultrasound (ABUS), and contrast-enhanced mammography versus standard of care in women with dense breasts and a negative mammogram. We report on interim results from the first round of supplemental imaging.
2. Efficacy and safety of low-dose IL-2 as an add-on therapy to riluzole (MIROCALS): a phase 2b, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Gilbert Bensimon.;P Nigel Leigh.;Timothy Tree.;Andrea Malaspina.;Christine Am Payan.;Hang-Phuong Pham.;Pieter Klaassen.;Pamela J Shaw.;Ahmad Al Khleifat.;Maria D M Amador.;Shahram Attarian.;Simon M Bell.;Stéphane Beltran.;Emilien Bernard.;William Camu.;Philippe Corcia.;Jean-Christophe Corvol.;Philippe Couratier.;Véronique Danel.;Rabab Debs.;Claude Desnuelle.;Aikaterini Dimitriou.;John Ealing.;Florence Esselin.;Marie-Céline Fleury.;George H Gorrie.;Aude-Marie Grapperon.;Adèle Hesters.;Raul Juntas-Morales.;Ivan Kolev.;Géraldine Lautrette.;Nadine Le Forestier.;Christopher J McDermott.;Nicolas Pageot.;François Salachas.;Nikhil Sharma.;Marie-Hélène Soriani.;Jemeen Sreedharan.;Juliette Svahn.;Nick Verber.;Annie Verschueren.;Ozlem Yildiz.;Carey M Suehs.;Safaa Saker-Delye.;Claudie Muller.;Christophe Masseguin.;Hana Hajduchova.;Janine Kirby.;Cecilia Garlanda.;Massimo Locati.;Henrik Zetterberg.;Bernard Asselain.;Ammar Al-Chalabi.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10492期1837-1850页
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a life-threatening disease characterised by progressive loss of motor neurons with few therapeutic options. The MIROCALS study tested the hypothesis that low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2LD) improves survival and function in ALS.
3. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus lenvatinib or sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 9DW): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.
作者: Thomas Yau.;Peter R Galle.;Thomas Decaens.;Bruno Sangro.;Shukui Qin.;Leonardo G da Fonseca.;Hatim Karachiwala.;Jean-Frederic Blanc.;Joong-Won Park.;Edward Gane.;Matthias Pinter.;Ana Matilla Peña.;Masafumi Ikeda.;David Tai.;Armando Santoro.;Gonzalo Pizarro.;Chang-Fang Chiu.;Michael Schenker.;Aiwu He.;Hong Jae Chon.;Joanna Wojcik-Tomaszewska.;Gontran Verset.;Qi Qi Wang.;Caitlyn Stromko.;Jaclyn Neely.;Prianka Singh.;Maria Jesus Jimenez Exposito.;Masatoshi Kudo.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10492期1851-1864页
Patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma have a poor prognosis, and treatments with long-term benefits are needed. We report results from the preplanned interim analysis of the CheckMate 9DW trial assessing nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus lenvatinib or sorafenib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in the first-line setting.
4. Treatment options to support the elimination of hepatitis C: an open-label, factorial, randomised controlled non-inferiority trial.
作者: Graham S Cooke.;Le Manh Hung.;Barnaby Flower.;Leanne McCabe.;Vu Thi Kim Hang.;Vo Thi Thu.;Dang Trong Thuan.;Nguyen Thanh Dung.;Le Thanh Phuong.;Dao Bach Khoa.;Nguyen Thi Chau An.;Pham Ngoc Thach.;Vu Thi Thu Huong.;Dang Thi Bich.;Nguyen Kim Tuyen.;M Azim Ansari.;Chau Le Ngoc.;Vo Minh Quang.;Nguyen Thi Ngoc Phuong.;Le Thi Thao.;Nguyen Bao Tran.;Evelyne Kestelyn.;Cherry Kingsley.;Rogier Van Doorn.;Motiur Rahman.;Sarah L Pett.;Guy E Thwaites.;Eleanor Barnes.;Jeremy N Day.;Nguyen Van Vinh Chau.;A Sarah Walker.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10491期1769-1780页
WHO recommends treating hepatitis C infection with one of three antiviral combinations for 8-12 weeks. No randomised trials have compared these regimens, and high cure rates might be achievable with shorter durations of therapy. We aimed to compare sofosbuvir-daclatasvir with sofosbuvir-velpatasvir, and to evaluate potential novel treatment strategies.
5. Induction of labour versus standard care to prevent shoulder dystocia in fetuses suspected to be large for gestational age in the UK (the Big Baby trial): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Jason Gardosi.;Lauren Jade Ewington.;Katie Booth.;Debra Bick.;George Bouliotis.;Emily Butler.;Sanjeev Deshpande.;Hanna Ellson.;Joanne Fisher.;Adam Gornall.;Ranjit Lall.;Hema Mistry.;Seyran Naghdi.;Stavros Petrou.;Anne-Marie Slowther.;Sara Wood.;Martin Underwood.;Siobhan Quenby.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10491期1743-1756页
The benefits and harms of early induction of labour to reduce shoulder dystocia in fetuses suspected to be large for gestational age (LGA) are uncertain. We aimed to investigate whether early induction of labour is associated with a reduced risk of shoulder dystocia compared with standard care.
6. Negative pressure wound therapy versus usual care in patients with surgical wound healing by secondary intention in the UK (SWHSI-2): an open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Catherine Arundel.;Laura Mandefield.;Caroline Fairhurst.;Kalpita Baird.;Athanasios Gkekas.;Pedro Saramago.;Ian Chetter.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10490期1689-1699页
Surgical wound healing by secondary intention (SWHSI) presents a substantial management and financial challenge. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has increasingly been used as a treatment despite an absence of comparative evidence of effectiveness. We evaluated the effectiveness of NPWT compared with usual care for improving time to wound healing in patients with an SWHSI.
7. Durability and efficacy of solbinsiran, a GalNAc-conjugated siRNA targeting ANGPTL3, in adults with mixed dyslipidaemia (PROLONG-ANG3): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
作者: Kausik K Ray.;Ena Oru.;Robert S Rosenson.;Jeremiah Jones.;Xiaosu Ma.;Jennie Walgren.;Axel Haupt.;Subodh Verma.;Daniel Gaudet.;Stephen J Nicholls.;Giacomo Ruotolo.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10489期1594-1607页
Mixed dyslipidaemia, characterised by elevated concentrations of circulating triglycerides and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Solbinsiran, a GalNAc-conjugated small interfering RNA targeting hepatic angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), reduced triglycerides and LDL-C concentrations in a phase 1 study. This study aimed to assess the durability and efficacy of solbinsiran in reducing concentrations of atherogenic lipoproteins in adults with mixed dyslipidaemia.
8. Invasive urodynamic investigations in the management of women with refractory overactive bladder symptoms (FUTURE) in the UK: a multicentre, superiority, parallel, open-label, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Mohamed Abdel-Fattah.;Christopher Chapple.;David Cooper.;Suzanne Breeman.;Helen Bell-Gorrod.;Preksha Kuppanda.;Karen Guerrero.;Simon Dixon.;Nikki Cotterill.;Karen Ward.;Hashim Hashim.;Ash Monga.;Karen Brown.;Marcus Drake.;Andrew Gammie.;Alyaa Mostafa.;Rebecca Bruce.;Victoria Bell.;Christine Kennedy.;Suzanne Evans.;Graeme MacLennan.;John Norrie.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10484期1057-1068页
Overactive bladder is a common problem affecting women worldwide, with a negative effect on their social and professional lives. Before considering invasive treatments, guidelines recommend urodynamics to identify detrusor overactivity. However, the clinical-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of urodynamics has never been robustly assessed in this cohort of women. We aimed to compare the clinical-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of urodynamics plus comprehensive clinical assessment (CCA) versus CCA only in the management of women with refractory overactive bladder symptoms.
9. Behavioural interventions to increase uptake of FIT colorectal screening in Scotland (TEMPO): a nationwide, eight-arm, factorial, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Kathryn A Robb.;Ben Young.;Marie K Murphy.;Patrycja Duklas.;Alex McConnachie.;Gareth J Hollands.;Colin McCowan.;Sara Macdonald.;Ronan E O'Carroll.;Rory C O'Connor.;Robert J C Steele.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10484期1081-1092页
Uptake of colorectal cancer screening is suboptimal. The TEMPO trial evaluated the impact of two evidence-based, theory-informed, and co-designed behavioural interventions on uptake of faecal immunochemical test (FIT) colorectal screening.
10. Extended treatment of venous thromboembolism with reduced-dose versus full-dose direct oral anticoagulants in patients at high risk of recurrence: a non-inferiority, multicentre, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint trial.
作者: Francis Couturaud.;Jeannot Schmidt.;Olivier Sanchez.;Alice Ballerie.;Marie-Antoinette Sevestre.;Nicolas Meneveau.;Laurent Bertoletti.;Jérôme Connault.;Ygal Benhamou.;Joël Constans.;Thomas Quemeneur.;François-Xavier Lapébie.;Gilles Pernod.;Gaël Picart.;Antoine Elias.;Caroline Doutrelon.;Claire Neveux.;Lina Khider.;Pierre-Marie Roy.;Stéphane Zuily.;Nicolas Falvo.;Philippe Lacroix.;Joseph Emmerich.;Isabelle Mahé.;Julien Boileau.;Azzedine Yaici.;Sylvain Le Jeune.;Dominique Stéphan.;Pierre Plissonneau-Duquene.;Valérie Ray.;Marc Danguy des Déserts.;Rafik Belhadj-Chaidi.;Bouchra Lamia.;Yves Gruel.;Emilie Presles.;Philippe Girard.;Cécile Tromeur.;Farès Moustafa.;Vincent Rothstein.;Karine Lacut.;Solen Melac.;Sophie Barillot.;Patrick Mismetti.;Silvy Laporte.;Dominique Mottier.;Guy Meyer.;Christophe Leroyer.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10480期725-735页
In patients with venous thromboembolism at high risk of recurrence for whom extended treatment with direct oral anticoagulants has been indicated, the optimal dose is unknown. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of reduced-dose versus full-dose direct oral anticoagulants in patients in whom extended anticoagulation has been indicated.
11. Direct oral anticoagulants versus no anticoagulation for the prevention of stroke in survivors of intracerebral haemorrhage with atrial fibrillation (PRESTIGE-AF): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.
作者: Roland Veltkamp.;Eleni Korompoki.;Kirsten H Harvey.;Emily R Harvey.;Cornelia Fießler.;Uwe Malzahn.;Viktoria Rücker.;Joan Montaner.;Valeria Caso.;Igor Sibon.;Peter Ringleb.;Omid Halse.;Klemens Hügen.;Sabine Ullmann.;Carolin Schuhmann.;Gabriele Putz Todd.;Kirsten Haas.;Elena Palà.;Stéphanie Debette.;Morgane Lachaize.;Tim D'Aoust.;Christian Enzinger.;Stefan Ropele.;Simon Fandler-Höfler.;Melanie Haidegger.;Yanzhong Wang.;Hatem A Wafa.;Virginia Cancelloni.;Maria Giulia Mosconi.;Gregory Y H Lip.;Deirdre A Lane.;Walter E Haefeli.;Kathrin I Foerster.;Viktoria S Wurmbach.;Peter Brønnum Nielsen.;Karim Hajjar.;Patrick Müller.;Sven Poli.;Jan Purrucker.;Mona Laible.;Lucio D'Anna.;Yolanda Silva.;Reyes de Torres Chacon.;Patricia Martínez-Sánchez.;Marion Boulanger.;Bo Norrving.;Guillaume Paré.;Rolf Wachter.;George Ntaios.;Charles D A Wolfe.;Peter U Heuschmann.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10482期927-936页
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) reduce the rate of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation but the benefits and risks in survivors of intracerebral haemorrhage are uncertain. We aimed to determine whether DOACs reduce the risk of ischaemic stroke without substantially increasing the risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage.
12. Exenatide once a week versus placebo as a potential disease-modifying treatment for people with Parkinson's disease in the UK: a phase 3, multicentre, double-blind, parallel-group, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Nirosen Vijiaratnam.;Christine Girges.;Grace Auld.;Rachel McComish.;Alexa King.;Simon S Skene.;Steve Hibbert.;Alan Wong.;Sabina Melander.;Rachel Gibson.;Helen Matthews.;John Dickson.;Camille Carroll.;Abigail Patrick.;Jemma Inches.;Monty Silverdale.;Bethan Blackledge.;Jessica Whiston.;Michele Hu.;Jessica Welch.;Gordon Duncan.;Katie Power.;Sarah Gallen.;Jacqueline Kerr.;K Ray Chaudhuri.;Lucia Batzu.;Silvia Rota.;Edwin Jabbari.;Huw Morris.;Patricia Limousin.;Nigel Greig.;Yazhou Li.;Vincenzo Libri.;Sonia Gandhi.;Dilan Athauda.;Kashfia Chowdhury.;Tom Foltynie.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10479期627-636页
GLP-1 receptor agonists have neurotrophic properties in in-vitro and in-vivo models of Parkinson's disease and results of epidemiological studies and small randomised trials have suggested possible benefits for risk and progression of Parkinson's disease. We aimed to establish whether the GLP-1 receptor agonist, exenatide, could slow the rate of progression of Parkinson's disease.
13. Annual versus less frequent mammographic surveillance in people with breast cancer aged 50 years and older in the UK (Mammo-50): a multicentre, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial.
作者: Janet A Dunn.;Peter Donnelly.;Nada Elbeltagi.;Andrea Marshall.;Amy Hopkins.;Alastair M Thompson.;Riccardo Audisio.;Sarah E Pinder.;David A Cameron.;Sue Hartup.;Lesley Turner.;Annie Young.;Helen Higgins.;Eila K Watson.;Sophie Gasson.;Peter J Barrett-Lee.;Claire Hulme.;Bethany Shinkins.;Peter S Hall.;Andrew Evans.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10476期396-407页
The frequency of mammographic surveillance for women after diagnosis of breast cancer varies globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether less than annual mammography was non-inferior in terms of breast cancer-specific survival in women aged 50 years or older.
14. Coronary CT angiography-guided management of patients with stable chest pain: 10-year outcomes from the SCOT-HEART randomised controlled trial in Scotland.
作者: Michelle C Williams.;Ryan Wereski.;Christopher Tuck.;Philip D Adamson.;Anoop S V Shah.;Edwin J R van Beek.;Giles Roditi.;Colin Berry.;Nicholas Boon.;Marcus Flather.;Steff Lewis.;John Norrie.;Adam D Timmis.;Nicholas L Mills.;Marc R Dweck.;David E Newby.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10475期329-337页
The Scottish Computed Tomography of the Heart (SCOT-HEART) trial demonstrated that management guided by coronary CT angiography (CCTA) improved the diagnosis, management, and outcome of patients with stable chest pain. We aimed to assess whether CCTA-guided care results in sustained long-term improvements in management and outcomes.
15. Stopping of adalimumab in juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (ADJUST): a multicentre, double-masked, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Nisha R Acharya.;Athimalaipet V Ramanan.;Alison B Coyne.;Kathryn L Dudum.;Elia M Rubio.;Sydney M Woods.;Catherine M Guly.;Elena Moraitis.;Harry J D Petrushkin.;Kate Armon.;Narman Puvanachandra.;Jessy T Choi.;Daniel P Hawley.;Benjamin F Arnold.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10475期303-313页
Adalimumab is an effective treatment for juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. Data are scarce on the effects of discontinuing adalimumab after control of the disease had been reached. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of discontinuing treatment in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis.
16. Effect of a spatial repellent on malaria incidence in an area of western Kenya characterised by high malaria transmission, insecticide resistance, and universal coverage of insecticide treated nets (part of the AEGIS Consortium): a cluster-randomised, controlled trial.
作者: Eric O Ochomo.;John E Gimnig.;Quentin Awori.;Bernard Abong'o.;Prisca Oria.;Nickline K Ashitiba.;Brian Polo.;Vincent Moshi.;Hilda Otanga.;Ferdinard Adung'o.;Eunice A Ouma.;Susan Outa.;Edith Ramaita.;Rebecca Levine.;Wycliffe Odongo.;Steven A Harvey.;April Monroe.;Ashley Hudson.;Bradley Sandberg.;Jared Hendrickson.;Xingyuan Zhao.;Ruyu Zhou.;Fang Liu.;Nicole L Achee.;John P Grieco.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10473期147-156页
Spatial repellent products are used for prevention of insect bites, and a body of evidence exists on spatial repellent entomological efficacy. A new option for vector control, spatial repellent products are designed to release active ingredient into the air for disruption of human-vector contact thereby reducing human exposure to mosquito-borne pathogens. Clinical trials have shown spatial repellent epidemiological efficacy against Aedes-borne viruses but inconclusive outcomes against malaria. We aimed to show and quantify the protective efficacy of spatial repellents in reducing malaria infection incidence in Busia County, Kenya.
17. The effect of tranexamic acid on postpartum bleeding in women with moderate and severe anaemia (WOMAN-2): an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Tranexamic acid, given within 3 h of birth, reduces bleeding deaths in women with postpartum haemorrhage. We examined whether giving tranexamic acid shortly after birth can prevent postpartum haemorrhage in women with moderate or severe anaemia.
18. Induction chemotherapy followed by standard chemoradiotherapy versus standard chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (GCIG INTERLACE): an international, multicentre, randomised phase 3 trial.
作者: Mary McCormack.;Gemma Eminowicz.;Dolores Gallardo.;Patricia Diez.;Laura Farrelly.;Christopher Kent.;Emma Hudson.;Miguel Panades.;Tony Mathew.;Anjana Anand.;Mojca Persic.;Jennifer Forrest.;Rajanee Bhana.;Nicholas Reed.;Anne Drake.;Madhavi Adusumalli.;Asima Mukhopadhyay.;Margaret King.;Karen Whitmarsh.;John McGrane.;Nicoletta Colombo.;Choi Mak.;Ranajit Mandal.;Rahul Roy Chowdhury.;Gabriela Alamilla-Garcia.;Adriana Chávez-Blanco.;Hilary Stobart.;Amanda Feeney.;Simran Vaja.;Anne-Marie Hacker.;Allan Hackshaw.;Jonathan Andrew Ledermann.; .
来源: Lancet. 2024年404卷10462期1525-1535页
Locally advanced cervical cancer is treated with chemoradiotherapy (standard of care), but many patients still relapse and die from metastatic disease. We investigated chemoradiotherapy with or without induction chemotherapy to determine whether induction chemotherapy improves both progression-free survival and overall survival.
19. Efficacy of a culturally adapted, cognitive behavioural therapy-based intervention for postnatal depression in British south Asian women (ROSHNI-2): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Nusrat Husain.;Farah Lunat.;Karina Lovell.;Jahanara Miah.;Carolyn A Chew-Graham.;Penny Bee.;Ahmed Waqas.;Matthias Pierce.;Deepali Sharma.;Najia Atif.;Saadia Aseem.;Kamaldeep Bhui.;Peter Bower.;Traolach Brugha.;Nasim Chaudhry.;Akbar Ullah.;Linda Davies.;Nadeem Gire.;Joe Kai.;Jillian Morrison.;Naeem Mohmed.;Shanaya Rathod.;Najma Siddiqi.;Siham Sikander.;Waquas Waheed.;Ilyas Mirza.;Christopher Williams.;Nosheen Zaidi.;Richard Emsley.;Atif Rahman.;Richard Morriss.
来源: Lancet. 2024年404卷10461期1430-1443页
Postnatal depression necessitates timely and effective interventions to mitigate adverse maternal and child outcomes in the short term and over the life course. British south Asian women with depression are often underserved and undertreated due to stigma, language barriers, and cultural barriers. This trial aimed to test the clinical efficacy of a culturally adapted, group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)-based intervention, the Positive Health Programme (PHP), delivered by non-specialist health workers for postnatal depression in British south Asian women.
20. 5-year vaccine protection following a single dose of Vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in Bangladeshi children (TyVOID): a cluster randomised trial.
作者: Firdausi Qadri.;Farhana Khanam.;Yiyuan Zhang.;Prasanta Kumar Biswas.;Merryn Voysey.;Yama F Mujadidi.;Sarah Kelly.;Amirul Islam Bhuiyan.;Nazmul Hasan Rajib.;Ismail Hossen.;Nazia Rahman.;Sadia Islam.;Virginia E Pitzer.;Young Chan Kim.;John D Clemens.;Andrew J Pollard.;Xinxue Liu.
来源: Lancet. 2024年404卷10461期1419-1429页
WHO currently recommends a single dose of typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) in high-burden countries based on 2-year vaccine efficacy data from large randomised controlled trials. Given the decay of immunogenicity, the protection beyond 2 years is unknown. We therefore extended the follow-up of the TyVAC trial in Bangladesh to assess waning of vaccine protection to 5 years after vaccination.
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