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1. Efficacy and safety of LEVI-04 in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
作者: Philip G Conaghan.;Nathaniel Katz.;Asger R Bihlet.;Ali Guermazi.;Dror Rom.;Michael C Perkins.;Bernadette Hughes.;Claire Herholdt.;Iwona Bombelka.;Simon Westbrook.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10535期1237-1248页
Current therapies for osteoarthritis have limitations. LEVI-04 is a p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) fusion protein that inhibits neurotrophin-3. We assessed the efficacy and safety of LEVI-04 in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.
2. Proton beam therapy for oropharyngeal cancer (TORPEdO): a phase 3, randomised controlled trial.
作者: David J Thomson.;James M Price.;Matthew Tyler.;Matthew Beasley.;Jim Lester.;Christopher M Nutting.;Nachi Palaniappan.;Robin Prestwich.;Shanmugasundaram Ramkumar.;Anna Thompson.;Guy Betts.;Helen Bulbeck.;Frances Charlwood.;Matthew Clarke.;Matthew Lowe.;Justin Roe.;Justine Tyler.;Lorna Wilson.;Jane L Wolstenholme.;Kevin Chiu.;Judith Christian.;Clare Cruickshank.;Deborah Gardiner.;Holly Tovey.;Catharine M West.;Emma Hall.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10535期1259-1275页
The clinical benefits of intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) compared with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma remain uncertain with respect to treatment-related effects on physical function and quality of life. We aimed to compare late functional, patient-reported, disease control, and survival outcomes between IMPT and IMRT.
3. Prevention of urinary stones with hydration: a randomised clinical trial of an adherence intervention.
作者: Alana C Desai.;Naim M Maalouf.;Jonathan D Harper.;Sri Sivalingam.;John C Lieske.;H Henry Lai.;Peter P Reese.;Hunter Wessells.;Hongqiu Yang.;Hussein R Al-Khalidi.;Ziya Kirkali.;Gregory E Tasian.;Charles D Scales.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10534期1171-1181页
Increased fluid intake is universally recommended to decrease the risk of recurrent urinary stones; however, adherence is challenging. The effectiveness of interventions to maintain high fluid intake has not been well studied. We sought to determine whether a multicomponent behavioural intervention programme to promote high fluid intake reduces symptomatic stone recurrence, compared with a control.
4. Angiography-derived fractional flow reserve versus coronary angiography to guide coronary artery bypass grafting in patients undergoing surgical valve procedures with concomitant coronary artery disease in China (FAVOR IV-QVAS): a multicentre, triple-blind, randomised trial.
作者: Yunpeng Zhu.;Zhaoyun Cheng.;Yuan Zhao.;Lin Han.;Wei Zhang.;Chengxin Zhang.;Sumin Yang.;Liang Ma.;Chenhui Qiao.;Zhigang Guo.;Dan Zhu.;Xiquan Zhang.;Liangwan Chen.;Zhe Wang.;Xiaofeng Ye.;Mi Zhou.;Haiqing Li.;Jiapei Qiu.;Hong Xu.;Yanjun Sun.;Jiaxi Zhu.;Zhiyun Xu.;Guoyou Qin.;William Wijns.;Bjorn Redfors.;Sigrid Sandner.;Mario Gaudino.;Shengxian Tu.;Qiang Zhao.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10534期1161-1170页
For patients undergoing surgical valve procedures with concomitant coronary artery disease, current guidelines recommend that coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) should be anatomically guided on the basis of stenosis severity, as assessed by coronary angiography. We aimed to test whether a physiologically guided strategy using angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) could improve clinical outcomes in this population.
5. Integrated community-based versus facility-based care for people with HIV, diabetes, and hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa (INTE-COMM): an open-label, multicountry, cluster-randomised trial.
作者: Francis X Kasujja.;Faith Aikaeli.;Anupam Garrib.;Erik van Widenfelt.;Ivan Namakoola.;Sokoine Kivuyo.;James A Prior.;Josephine Birungi.;Faith Moyo.;Duolao Wang.;Stavia Turyahabwe.;Gerald Mutungi.;Mina Nakawuka Ssali.;Omary Said Ubuguyu.;Stephen Watiti.;Said Aboud.;Marie Claire Van Hout.;Geoff Gill.;Nelson K Sewankambo.;Peter G Smith.;Sayoki Mfinanga.;Kaushik Ramaiya.;Moffat J Nyirenda.;Shabbar Jaffar.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10533期1084-1094页
In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of diabetes and hypertension is high, alongside a high prevalence of HIV. Whether these conditions can be managed in an integrated way in the community is unknown. We aim to compare integrated community-based care with integrated facility-based care for people with HIV, diabetes, and hypertension in Tanzania and Uganda.
6. Pimicotinib versus placebo for tenosynovial giant cell tumour (MANEUVER): an international, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
作者: Hairong Xu.;Xiaohui Niu.;Vinod Ravi.;Javier Martin-Broto.;Albiruni Abdul Razak.;Ramy Saleh.;Yong Zhou.;Jingnan Shen.;Tang Liu.;Kamlesh Kumar Sankhala.;César Serrano.;Silvia Stacchiotti.;Jing Wang.;Giacomo G Baldi.;Yi Feng.;Yingqi Hua.;Tao Li.;Piotr Rutkowski.;Xiaojing Zhang.;Gabriel Tinoco.;Qingping Zou.;Boyao Shan.;Xiangyu Zhu.;Hans Gelderblom.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10533期1072-1083页
Tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) is a rare, locally aggressive neoplasm that affects otherwise healthy adults. There are few systemic treatment options, highlighting an unmet need. We report the results of part 1 of the MANEUVER trial, which aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pimicotinib, a highly selective, potent, colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor inhibitor, in patients with TGCT.
7. Effect of baxdrostat on ambulatory blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension (Bax24): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Michel Azizi.;Jenifer M Brown.;Jamie P Dwyer.;John M Flack.;Erica S W Jones.;Raisa Kurlyandskaya.;Hongjian Li.;Filip Birve.;Aina S Lihn.;Shira Perl.;Markus P Schlaich.;Hirotaka Shibata.;Ji-Guang Wang.;Bryan Williams.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10532期988-999页
Aldosterone dysregulation is an important contributor in the pathogenesis of hard-to-control hypertension. We aimed to assess the effect of baxdrostat, a selective aldosterone synthase inhibitor, on ambulatory blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension.
8. 5-year results of hypofractionated locoregional radiotherapy in early breast cancer HypoG-01 (UNICANCER): a French multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3, open-label, controlled trial.
作者: Sofia Rivera.;Robabeh Ghodssighassemabadi.;Guillaume Auzac.;Thomas Brion.;Youlia Kirova.;Séverine Racadot.;Mohamed Benchalal.;Jean-Baptiste Clavier.;Claire Charra Brunaud.;Anais Groulier.;Delphine Argo-Leignel.;Karine Peignaux.;Ahmed Benyoucef.;David Pasquier.;Philippe Guilbert.;Aurore Goineau.;Agnes Tallet.;Marie Bergeaud.;Assia Lamrani-Ghaouti.;Stefan Michiels.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10532期976-987页
Hypofractionated radiotherapy is standard for whole-breast radiotherapy, but 50 Gy in 25 fractions (5-week radiotherapy) is still standard in many countries when nodal radiotherapy is needed for morbidity concerns. The UNICANCER HypoG-01 trial aimed to assess morbidity and efficacy of hypofractionated locoregional radiotherapy delivering 40 Gy in 15 fractions (3-week radiotherapy) versus 5-week radiotherapy.
9. Efficacy and safety of once-daily oral orforglipron compared with oral semaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes (ACHIEVE-3): a multinational, multicentre, non-inferiority, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.
作者: Julio Rosenstock.;Daisuke Yabe.;David Cox.;Jianghao Li.;Max Denning.;Wen-Shuo Wu.;Rong Liu.;Youna Zhao.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10534期1147-1160页
Orforglipron is a novel non-peptide (GLP-1) receptor agonist designed for daily oral administration without food or water restrictions. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of orforglipron with oral semaglutide in individuals with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin.
10. Switch to single-tablet bictegravir-lenacapavir from a complex HIV regimen (ARTISTRY-1): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 clinical trial.
作者: Chloe Orkin.;Peter J Ruane.;Malcolm Hedgcock.;Cyril Gaultier.;Marcelo H Losso.;Benoit Trottier.;Thomas Lutz.;Mark O'Reilly.;Mark Bloch.;Jihad Slim.;Moti Ramgopal.;Simiso Sokhela.;Karam Mounzer.;Hung-Chin Tsai.;Jorge Santana Bagur.;Xu Zhang.;Keith Aizen.;Kwanza Price.;Nicolas Margot.;Jairo M Montezuma-Rusca.;Peter Sklar.;Martin Rhee.;Pedro Cahn.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10535期1249-1258页
Single-tablet regimens (STRs) revolutionised HIV-1 treatment, improving adherence and clinical outcomes; however, many people cannot take these due to resistance, contraindications, or drug-drug interactions, instead relying on complex multi-tablet regimens. Novel STRs are therefore needed. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel STR, bictegravir-lenacapavir, in people with HIV-1.
11. Cumulative incidence of advanced breast cancer in women aged 40-49 years in the Japan Strategic Anti-cancer Randomised Trial (J-START) of adjunctive ultrasonography: a prespecified secondary analysis.
作者: Narumi Harada-Shoji.;Akihiko Suzuki.;Takanori Ishida.;Seiichiro Yamamoto.;Seiki Kanemura.;Takuhiro Yamaguchi.;Yoko Shiono-Narikawa.;Noriaki Ohuchi.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10530期784-793页
The J-START randomised controlled trial found that adjunctive ultrasonography was associated with significantly higher rates of breast cancer detection than mammography alone. This report aims to evaluate the long-term effect of adjunctive ultrasonography screening on the cumulative incidence of advanced breast cancer as a prespecified secondary outcome of J-START.
12. Tenecteplase versus standard medical treatment for basilar artery occlusion within 24 h (TRACE-5): a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint, superiority, phase 3 trial.
作者: Yunyun Xiong.;Fana Alemseged.;Zhixin Cao.;Lee H Schwamm.;Si Zhang.;Mark W Parsons.;Marc Fisher.;Yahui Hao.;Aoming Jin.;Jinfeng Yin.;Yong Jiang.;Fengyuan Che.;Lihua Wang.;Li Zhou.;Hongguo Dai.;Yutie Zhao.;Chunmiao Duan.;Shuangzhe Wu.;Ganghua Feng.;Lixia Zong.;Wanxing Ye.;Ziran Wang.;Ziqi Xu.;Hao Wang.;Manjun Hao.;Yujie Ma.;Xia Meng.;Hao Li.;Zixiao Li.;Yilong Wang.;Liping Liu.;Xingquan Zhao.;Bruce C V Campbell.;Yongjun Wang.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10530期763-772页
The efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis with tenecteplase within 24 h after stroke onset due to basilar artery occlusion are not well studied. We aimed to assess whether intravenous tenecteplase administered within 24 h after symptom onset improved functional outcome compared with standard medical treatment in patients with basilar artery occlusion.
13. Efimosfermin alfa (BOS-580) once per month in people with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis with F2 or F3 fibrosis: results from a 24-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
作者: Mazen Noureddin.;Kris V Kowdley.;Tatjana Odrljin.;Gerard Bain.;Jeff Zhao.;Brenda Jeglinski.;Margaret James Koziel.;Rohit Loomba.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10530期794-804页
The growing prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) underscores the unmet need for effective and safe liver-targeted therapies to prevent fibrosis and disease progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of efimosfermin alfa (henceforth referred to as efimosfermin, formerly BOS-580), an FGF21 analogue taken once per month, in patients with MASH and moderate or advanced fibrosis.
14. Switch to fixed-dose doravirine (100 mg) and islatravir (0·25 mg) once daily in virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1 on bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide: 48-week results of a phase 3, multicentre, randomised, controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority trial.
作者: Amy E Colson.;Anthony M Mills.;Moti N Ramgopal.;Christopher Bettacchi.;Olayemi O Osiyemi.;Federico Hinestrosa.;Gordon Crofoot.;Harold P Katner.;Hiroyuki Gatanaga.;Margaret Johnson.;Tracy L Diamond.;Erika Barninger.;Karen Eves.;Feng-Hsiu Su.;Yayun Xu.;Stephanie O Klopfer.;Luisa M Stamm.;Michelle C Fox.;Rima Lahoulou.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10528期611-621页
The combination of doravirine and islatravir is under investigation as a fixed-dose, single-tablet regimen for the treatment of HIV-1. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of switching to doravirine (100 mg) and islatravir (0·25 mg) from bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide in virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1.
15. Switch to fixed-dose doravirine (100 mg) and islatravir (0·25 mg) once daily in virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1 on oral antiretroviral therapy: 48-week results of a phase 3, multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial.
作者: Chloe Orkin.;Rosie Mngqibisa.;Juan Diego Velez.;Princy Kumar.;Dominique L Braun.;Andrew Carr.;Mark Bloch.;Sharon Walmsley.;Pablo Tebas.;Yoshiyuki Yokomaku.;Tracy L Diamond.;Beth Jackson.;Karen Eves.;Anjana Grandhi.;Monica Fuszard.;Stephanie O Klopfer.;Luisa M Stamm.;Michelle C Fox.;Jason Kim.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10528期599-610页
Doravirine and islatravir is an investigational, once-daily, single-tablet regimen containing two potent antiretrovirals with complementary mechanisms of action and resistance profiles. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of switching from stable, oral antiretroviral therapy (ART) to the fixed combination of doravirine (100 mg) and islatravir (0·25 mg) in virologically suppressed adults living with HIV-1.
16. Recombinant factor VIIa versus placebo for spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage within 2 h of symptom onset (FASTEST): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
作者: Joseph P Broderick.;Andrew M Naidech.;Jordan J Elm.;Kazunori Toyoda.;Dar Dowlatshahi.;Andrew M Demchuk.;Pooja Khatri.;Thorsten Steiner.;Philip M Bath.;Heinrich J Audebert.;Achala Vagal.;Sohei Yoshimura.;Stephan A Mayer.;Lily L Wang.;Noor Sabagha.;J D Mocco.;Carlos Molina.;Richard Aviv.;Emily Stinson.;Syed A Quadri.;Janice Carrozzella.;Thien Huynh.;Anh Phan.;Jonathan Beall.;Iris Davis.;Nobuyuki Sakai.;Tsuyoshi Ohta.;Michiko Yokosawa.;Takayuki Hara.;Navdeep Sangha.;Kenichi Morita.;Ming Yin Dominc Tse.;Christopher D Streib.;Fumio Miyashita.;Yolanda Silva.;Yoshinari Nagakane.;Tudor Gheorghiu.;Chung-Huan Sun.;Teruyuki Hirano.;Sven Poli.;Tsuyoshi Izumo.;Mayumi Fukuda-Doi.;Masafumi Ihara.;Masatoshi Koga.;Brian Buck.;Kyle B Walsh.;Ilana Spokovny.;James C Grotta.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10530期773-783页
Recombinant factor VIIa has been shown to slow bleeding in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), but no haemostatic agent has been shown to improve clinical outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the safety, clinical efficacy, and effect on growth of ICH and intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) of recombinant factor VIIa in patients with acute spontaneous ICH who were most likely to benefit from treatment with this agent.
17. Dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention according to bleeding risk (HOST-BR): an open-label, multicentre, randomised clinical trial.
作者: Jeehoon Kang.;Kyung Woo Park.;Jung-Kyu Han.;Doyeon Hwang.;Han-Mo Yang.;Sungjoon Park.;Hyo-Suk Ahn.;Kyung-Kuk Hwang.;Byung Gyu Kim.;Jin-Ok Jeong.;Jong-Hwa Ahn.;Jay Young Rhew.;Hanbit Park.;Tae Soo Kang.;Jin-Sin Koh.;Kyung-Taek Park.;Duk Won Bang.;Choong-Won Goh.;Hyuck-Jun Yoon.;Sang-Ho Jo.;Ji Yong Jang.;Young Jin Choi.;Sang Rok Lee.;Young-Hyo Lim.;Hyo-Soo Kim.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10516期2244-2256页
The optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after coronary stenting according to bleeding risk is not well established. We aimed to evaluate the optimal duration of DAPT after coronary stenting according to bleeding risk.
18. Efficacy and safety of minocycline in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (EMPHASIS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Yao Lu.;Ling Guan.;Jialing Wu.;Qianqian Yang.;Meiyang Zhang.;Dongyang Zhou.;Hongqin Yang.;Yuesong Pan.;Luyan Wang.;Baoshan Qiu.;Chenhui Liu.;Yicong Wang.;Yingying Yang.;Xuejiao Zhou.;Hui Qu.;Xiaoling Liao.;Liping Liu.;Xingquan Zhao.;Philip M Bath.;S Claiborne Johnston.;Pierre Amarenco.;Guillaume Turc.;Fu-Dong Shi.;Yongjun Wang.;Yilong Wang.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10529期679-688页
Minocycline has been reported as a multi-target anti-neuroinflammatory drug with potential benefits for ischaemic stroke in preclinical models and small-scale clinical studies. The EMPHASIS trial was designed to provide robust evidence regarding its efficacy and safety in patients with acute ischaemic stroke.
19. Interval cancer, sensitivity, and specificity comparing AI-supported mammography screening with standard double reading without AI in the MASAI study: a randomised, controlled, non-inferiority, single-blinded, population-based, screening-accuracy trial.
作者: Jessie Gommers.;Veronica Hernström.;Viktoria Josefsson.;Hanna Sartor.;David Schmidt.;Annie Hjelmgren.;Anna-Maria Larsson.;Solveig Hofvind.;Ingvar Andersson.;Aldana Rosso.;Oskar Hagberg.;Kristina Lång.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10527期505-514页
Evidence indicates that artificial intelligence (AI) can improve mammography screening by increasing cancer detection and reducing screen reading workload, but its effect on interval cancers (primary breast cancers diagnosed between two screening rounds or within 2 years after the last scheduled screening that were not detected at screening) is unknown. We aimed to compare the interval cancer rate in AI-supported mammography screening with standard double reading without AI.
20. Triple cardiovascular disease detection with an artificial intelligence-enabled stethoscope (TRICORDER) in the UK: a cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial.
作者: Mihir A Kelshiker.;Patrik Bächtiger.;Camille F Petri.;Saloni Nakhare.;Josephine Mansell.;Karanjot Chhatwal.;Abdullah Alrumayh.;Jahed Zaman.;Moulesh Shah.;Holly Young.;Helena Roy.;Melanie T Almonte.;Céire Costelloe.;Yasmin Razak.;Azeem Majeed.;James P Howard.;Carys Barton.;Daniel B Kramer.;Carla M Plymen.;Nicholas S Peters.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10529期704-715页
Early detection of cardiovascular disease is a global public health priority. Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled stethoscopes offer robust performance characteristics in point-of-care detection of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and valvular heart disease (VHD). We conducted a pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial to determine the real-world effect and implementation challenges of AI-stethoscopes.
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