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1. Survival outcome of VATS compared with open lobectomy for lung cancer: an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised trials.
作者: Rosie A Harris.;Jacie Jiaqi Law.;Long Hao.;Dongrong Situ.;Finn Amundsen Dittberner.;Morten Bendixen.;Peter B Licht.;Chris A Rogers.;Eric Lim.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10534期1182-1190页
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is currently the most common approach for pulmonary lobectomy in early-stage lung cancer. Reported advantages include less pain, fewer complications, faster recovery, and improved postoperative quality of life. The widespread adoption of VATS lobectomy is principally based on non-oncological benefits. Its oncological equivalence to open surgery remains assumed as no single trial has been powered for survival. To address this important question, we sought to conduct an individual patient data meta-analysis of eligible randomised trials.
2. Hormone therapy use and duration with postoperative radiotherapy for recurrent prostate cancer: an individual patient data meta-analysis.
作者: Amar U Kishan.;Yilun Sun.;Christopher C Parker.;Paul Sargos.;Matthew R Sydes.;Sylvie Chabaud.;Meryem Brihoum.;Tahmineh Romero Kalbasi.;Michael L Steinberg.;Luca F Valle.;Kekoa Taparra.;Jonathan E Shoag.;Jorge A Garcia.;Jason R Brown.;Matthew B Rettig.;Adam E Singer.;Robert E Reiter.;Scott Eggener.;Wayne Brisbane.;Soumyajit Roy.;Nicholas G Zaorsky.;Angela Y Jia.;Ting Martin Ma.;Nicholas G Nickols.;Jason A Efstathiou.;Osama Mohamad.;James J Dignam.;Wendy F Seiferheld.;Alan Pollack.;Howard M Sandler.;Paul L Nguyen.;Pascal Pommier.;Daniel E Spratt.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10533期1059-1071页
Adding hormone therapy to definitive radiotherapy in localised prostate cancer improves overall survival, but whether it similarly improves overall survival in the context of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) after radical prostatectomy is unclear. Herein, we report an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of randomised trials aimed at quantifying the benefit of adding hormonal therapy to PORT.
3. Comparative efficacy and tolerability of antidopaminergic and muscarinic antipsychotics for acute schizophrenia: a network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials indexed in international English and Chinese databases.
作者: Johannes Schneider-Thoma.;Yikang Zhu.;Mengchang Qin.;Yu Dong.;Shiwei Guan.;Jiaxi Wang.;Jing Tian.;Xiao Lin.;Alessandro Rodolico.;Spyridon Siafis.;Irene Bighelli.;Melanie Wehner.;Christina Veith.;Felix Krayer.;Elfriede Scheuring.;John M Davis.;Josef Priller.;Adriani Nikolakopoulou.;Georgia Salanti.;Chunbo Li.;Stefan Leucht.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10531期876-891页
Antipsychotic drugs are the established treatment for acute schizophrenia but differ in receptor-binding profiles. In 2024, a new-in-class muscarinic receptor agonist (xanomeline-trospium) was licenced, acting upstream of antidopaminergic agents, and providing hope to decrease the adverse effects burden of antipsychotics. We aimed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of antipsychotics by performing network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
4. Survivorship of modern total hip replacement to 30 years: systematic review, meta-analysis, and extrapolation of global joint registry data.
作者: Veronica Pentland.;Zoe Thompson.;Alimu Dayimu.;Nikos Demiris.;Eric Bohm.;David Campbell.;Erik Lenguerrand.;Anne Marie Fenstad.;Ove Nord Furnes.;Nils Hailer.;Gaeme Hoit.;Johan Kärrholm.;Torbj Rn Berge Kristensen.;Keijo Mäkelä.;S Ren Overgaard.;Elizabeth Paxton.;Heather Prentice.;Bheeshma Ravi.;Mike Reed.;Ola Rolfson.;Claus Varnum.;Tommi Viitanen.;James P Waddell.;Michael Whitehouse.;Amir Khoshbin.;Amit Atrey.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10531期855-866页
Total hip replacement is a successful operation that aims to restore function and quality of life to millions of people globally. Knowing how long a total hip replacement might last is important for patients, surgeons, and health-care institutions for planning and resource allocation. Over the past 20 years, the use of contemporary bearing surfaces for total hip replacement has substantially altered implant wear and, possibly, longevity. To date, there has been no large-scale study that examines survivorship of these modern implants. We aimed to determine the survivorship of contemporary total hip replacements and bearing materials.
5. Assessment of adverse effects attributed to statin therapy in product labels: a meta-analysis of double-blind randomised controlled trials.
Statin product labels (eg, Summaries of Product Characteristics [SmPCs]) list certain adverse outcomes as potential treatment-related effects based mainly on non-randomised and non-blinded studies, which might be subject to bias. We aimed to assess the evidence for such undesirable effects more reliably through a meta-analysis of individual participant data from large double-blind trials of statin therapy.
6. Deaths potentially averted by small changes in physical activity and sedentary time: an individual participant data meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
作者: Ulf Ekelund.;Jakob Tarp.;Ding Ding.;Miguel Adriano Sanchez-Lastra.;Knut Eirik Dalene.;Sigmund A Anderssen.;Jostein Steene-Johannessen.;Bjorge H Hansen.;Bente Morseth.;Laila A Hopstock.;Edvard Sagelv.;Peter Nordström.;Anna Nordström.;Maria Hagströmer.;Ing-Mari Dohrn.;Keith M Diaz.;Steven Hooker.;Virginia J Howard.;I-Min Lee.;Morten W Fagerland.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10526期339-349页
The effects of small, realistic changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour on population-level mortality are unclear. We aimed to estimate the proportion of deaths preventable by 5-min and 10-min incremental increases in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and 30-min and 60-min reductions in daily sedentary time.
7. Complete versus culprit lesion-only revascularisation for acute myocardial infarction (Complete Revascularisation Trialists' Collaboration): an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised trials.
作者: Shamir R Mehta.;Denise T W Tiong.;Felix Böhm.;Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige.;Simone Biscaglia.;Gianluca Campo.;Stefan James.;Pieter C Smits.;Daniele Giacoppo.;Gerry P McCann.;Amerjeet Banning.;Dan Eik Høfsten.;Gianni Casella.;Faith R Kirabo.;Helen Nguyen.;David A Wood.;John A Cairns.;Thomas Engstrøm.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10521期2772-2781页
In patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes and multivessel coronary artery disease, the question of whether to undertake a strategy of complete revascularisation in cases in which percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is performed routinely on non-culprit lesions (in addition to the culprit lesion) or whether to restrict PCI only to the culprit lesion is a common dilemma. The Complete Revascularisation Trialists' Collaboration aimed to determine, based on the totality of data from randomised trials, the effect of a complete revascularisation strategy on major cardiovascular events and whether it reduces cardiovascular death.
8. The effects of antidepressants on cardiometabolic and other physiological parameters: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
作者: Toby Pillinger.;Atheeshaan Arumuham.;Robert A McCutcheon.;Enrico D'Ambrosio.;Georgios Basdanis.;Marco Branco.;Richard Carr.;Valeria Finelli.;Toshi A Furukawa.;Siobhan Gee.;Adrian Heald.;Sameer Jauhar.;Zihan Ma.;Valentina Mancini.;Calum Moulton.;Georgia Salanti.;David M Taylor.;Anneka Tomlinson.;Allan H Young.;Orestis Efthimiou.;Oliver D Howes.;Andrea Cipriani.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10515期2063-2077页
Antidepressants induce physiological alterations; however, the degree to which these occur in treatment with various antidepressants is unclear. We aimed to compare and rank antidepressants based on physiological side-effects by synthesising data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
9. Prognostic accuracy of clinical markers of postpartum bleeding in predicting maternal mortality or severe morbidity: a WHO individual participant data meta-analysis.
作者: Ioannis Gallos.;Caitlin R Williams.;Malcolm J Price.;Aurelio Tobias.;Adam Devall.;John Allotey.;Fernando Althabe.;Jenny A Cresswell.;Jill Durocher.;A Metin Gülmezoglu.;Christian Haslinger.;Rodolfo C Pacagnella.;Loïc Sentilhes.;Soha Sobhy.;Idnan Yunas.;Jonathan J Deeks.;Arri Coomarasamy.;Olufemi T Oladapo.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10514期1969-1982页
Postpartum haemorrhage (excessive bleeding after birth) is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. However, there is no global consensus on which clinical markers best define excessive bleeding or reliably predict adverse maternal outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic accuracy of clinical markers of postpartum bleeding in predicting maternal mortality or severe morbidity.
10. Parent-focused behavioural interventions for the prevention of early childhood obesity (TOPCHILD): a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.
作者: Kylie E Hunter.;David Nguyen.;Sol Libesman.;Jonathan G Williams.;Mason Aberoumand.;Jannik Aagerup.;Brittany J Johnson.;Rebecca K Golley.;Angie Barba.;James X Sotiropoulos.;Nipun Shrestha.;Talia Palacios.;Samantha J Pryde.;Luke Wolfenden.;Rachael W Taylor.;Peter J Godolphin.;Karen Matvienko-Sikar.;Lee M Sanders.;Kristy P Robledo.;Vicki Brown.;Charles T Wood.;Sarah Taki.;H Shonna Yin.;Alison J Hayes.;Denise A O'Connor.;Wendy Smith.;David E Espinoza.;Lisa Askie.;Paul M Chadwick.;Chris Rissel.;Angela C Webster.;Kylie D Hesketh.;Maria Bryant.;Jessica L Thomson.;Rajalakshmi Lakshman.;Alexander G Fiks.;Christine Helle.;Cathleen Odar Stough.;Ken K Ong.;Eliana M Perrin.;Levie Karssen.;Junilla K Larsen.;Ana M Linares.;Mary Jo Messito.;Li Ming Wen.;Emily Oken.;Nina Cecilie Øverby.;Cristina Palacios.;Ian M Paul.;Finn E Rasmussen.;Elizabeth A Reifsnider.;Russell L Rothman.;Rebecca A Byrne.;Tiffany M Rybak.;Sarah-Jeanne Salvy.;Heather M Wasser.;Amanda L Thompson.;Ata Ghaderi.;Barry J Taylor.;Claudio Maffeis.;Huilan Xu.;Jennifer S Savage.;Kaumudi J Joshipura.;Kayla de la Haye.;Margrethe Røed.;Bethan Copsey.;Natalia Golova.;Rachel S Gross.;Stephanie Anzman-Frasca.;Jinan Banna.;Louise A Baur.;Anna Lene Seidler.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10509期1235-1254页
Childhood obesity is a global public health issue, which has prompted governments to invest in prevention programmes. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of parent-focused early childhood obesity prevention interventions globally.
11. Clopidogrel versus aspirin for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.
作者: Marco Valgimigli.;Ki Hong Choi.;Daniele Giacoppo.;Felice Gragnano.;Takeshi Kimura.;Hirotoshi Watanabe.;Hyo-Soo Kim.;Jeehoon Kang.;Kyung Woo Park.;Alf-Åge Pettersen.;Mark Woodward.;Deepak L Bhatt.;Paolo Calabrò.;Dominick J Angiolillo.;Roxana Mehran.;Young Bin Song.;Joo-Yong Hahn.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10508期1091-1102页
Aspirin monotherapy is recommended indefinitely for patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this individual patient level meta-analysis was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the comparative efficacy and safety of clopidogrel versus aspirin monotherapy in patients with established CAD, most of whom had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention or had acute coronary syndrome.
12. β blockers after myocardial infarction with mildly reduced ejection fraction: an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
作者: Xavier Rossello.;Eva Irene Bossano Prescott.;Anna Meta Dyrvig Kristensen.;Roberto Latini.;Valentin Fuster.;Morten Wang Fagerland.;Stuart J Pocock.;Sigrun Halvorsen.;Alberto Dominguez-Rodriguez.;Therese Lucia Friis Holmager.;Pedro Luis Sanchez.;Arnhild Bakken.;Sergio Raposeiras-Roubin.;Svend Eggert Jensen.;Takeshi Kimura.;Filippo Ottani.;Jess Lambrechtsen.;Manuel Anguita.;Neiko Ozasa.;Dan Atar.;Borja Ibanez.;John Munkhaugen.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10508期1128-1137页
The effects of β-blocker therapy on clinical outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction and mildly reduced (40-49%) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) are largely unknown. Four recently conducted randomised trials tested the efficacy of β blockers after a recent myocardial infarction in patients without reduced LVEF (LVEF ≥40%). However, none were individually powered to assess these effects in the subgroup of patients with mildly reduced LVEF. We aimed to assess the efficacy of β blockers in patients with myocardial infarction and mildly reduced LVEF during the index hospitalisation.
13. Blood pressure-lowering efficacy of antihypertensive drugs and their combinations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.
作者: Nelson Wang.;Abdul Salam.;Rashmi Pant.;Amit Kumar.;Rupasvi Dhurjati.;Faraidoon Haghdoost.;Kota Vidyasagar.;Prachi Kaistha.;Hariprasad Esam.;Sonali R Gnanenthiran.;Raju Kanukula.;Paul K Whelton.;Brent Egan.;Aletta E Schutte.;Kazem Rahimi.;Otavio Berwanger.;Anthony Rodgers.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10506期915-925页
We aimed to quantify the blood pressure-lowering efficacy of antihypertensive drugs and their combinations from the five major drug classes.
14. Safety and efficacy of steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with kidney failure requiring dialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
作者: Lonnie Pyne.;Patrick Rossignol.;Cameron Giles.;Mats Junek.;Patrick B Mark.;Martin Gallagher.;Janak R de Zoysa.;P J Devereaux.;Michael Walsh.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10505期811-820页
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists can prevent cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure and non-severe chronic kidney disease, but their effects in patients with kidney failure requiring dialysis are uncertain. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in this patient population.
15. Spironolactone in patients on chronic haemodialysis at high risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes (ALCHEMIST): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial and updated meta-analysis.
作者: Patrick Rossignol.;Faiez Zannad.;Ziad Massy.;Michel Azizi.;Fatima Chorfa.;Julien Coadic.;João Pedro Ferreira.;Francisca Saraiva.;Dominique Mottier.;Francis Guillemin.;Willy Ngueyon Sime.;Sanae Bouali.;Bénédicte Rossignol.;Joëlle Nortier.;Isabelle Simon.;Christophe Robino.;Manuela Davin.;Pierre M Bataille.;François Chantrel.;Nelly Castin.;Vincent Esnault.;Isabelle Kazes.;Thierry Hannedouche.;Nassim Kamar.;Jean-Michel Achard.;Caroline Fenerol.;Carine Achard-Hottelart.;Yves Dimitrov.;Nicolas Girerd.;Delphine Maucort-Boulch.;Luc Frimat.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10504期705-718页
No pharmacological therapy has been shown with certainty to improve the cardiovascular prognosis in patients with kidney failure on chronic haemodialysis. We aimed to investigate the effects of the steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone on cardiovascular outcomes in patients on haemodialysis who are at high risk of cardiovascular events.
16. Extending the duration of endocrine treatment for early breast cancer: patient-level meta-analysis of 12 randomised trials of aromatase inhibitors in 22 031 postmenopausal women already treated with at least 5 years of endocrine therapy.
In postmenopausal women with oestrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer, 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen substantially reduces 15-year recurrence and mortality; aromatase inhibitor treatment (AIT) is even more effective. We assess the effects of further AIT among women recurrence-free after at least 5 years of endocrine therapy.
17. Estimating the effect of maternal viral load on perinatal and postnatal HIV transmission: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Caitlin M Dugdale.;Ogochukwu Ufio.;John Giardina.;Fatma Shebl.;Elif Coskun.;Eden Pletner.;Pamela R Torola.;Duru Cosar.;Roger Shapiro.;Maria Kim.;Lynne Mofenson.;Andrea L Ciaranello.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10501期349-357页
Although a growing body of evidence supports zero risk of sexual HIV transmission from a person with sustained virological suppression, known as U=U (undetectable equals untransmittable), data have been insufficient to determine whether this is also true for vertical HIV transmission. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify vertical transmission risk by maternal HIV viral load (mHVL) and to evaluate the applicability of U=U to perinatal and postnatal HIV transmission.
18. Collaboration on the optimal timing of anticoagulation after ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and prospective individual participant data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (CATALYST).
作者: Hakim-Moulay Dehbi.;Urs Fischer.;Signild Åsberg.;Truman J Milling.;Stefanie Abend.;Norin Ahmed.;Mattia Branca.;Lisa A Davis.;Stefan T Engelter.;Nick Freemantle.;Thomas Gattringer.;Tatevik Ghukasyan Lakic.;Ziad Hijazi.;Martin James.;Masatoshi Koga.;Patrick Lawrence.;Robin Lemmens.;Gregory Y H Lip.;Susan Massingham.;Philip S Nash.;Amalia Ndoutoumou.;Bo Norrving.;Georgia Salanti.;Nikola Sprigg.;Götz Thomalla.;Tishok Vanniyasingam.;Per Wester.;Steven J Warach.;Jonas Oldgren.;Jesse Dawson.;David J Werring.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10498期43-51页
The optimal timing of oral anticoagulation for prevention of early ischaemic stroke recurrence in people with acute ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation remains uncertain. We aimed to estimate the effects of starting a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) early (≤4 days) versus later (≥5 days) after onset of ischaemic stroke.
19. Causes of and risk factors for postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Idnan Yunas.;Md Asiful Islam.;Kulandaipalayam N Sindhu.;Adam J Devall.;Marcelina Podesek.;Sayeda Sadia Alam.;Shoumik Kundu.;Kristie-Marie Mammoliti.;Ashraf Aswat.;Malcolm J Price.;Javier Zamora.;Olufemi T Oladapo.;Ioannis Gallos.;Arri Coomarasamy.
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10488期1468-1480页
An understanding of the causes of postpartum haemorrhage is needed to provide appropriate treatment and services. Knowledge of the risk factors for postpartum haemorrhage can help address modifiable risk factors. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and quantify the various causes and risk factors for postpartum haemorrhage.
20. Endovascular therapy for acute vertebrobasilar occlusion (VERITAS): a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.
作者: Raul G Nogueira.;Tudor G Jovin.;Xinfeng Liu.;Wei Hu.;Lucianne C M Langezaal.;Chuanhui Li.;Qiliang Dai.;Chunrong Tao.;Francisco J A Mont'Alverne.;Xunming Ji.;Rui Liu.;Rui Li.;Diederik W J Dippel.;Chuanjie Wu.;Wusheng Zhu.;Pengfei Xu.;Wim H van Zwam.;Longfei Wu.;Chao Zhang.;Patrik Michel.;Jian Chen.;Li Wang.;Volker Puetz.;Wenbo Zhao.;Tianlong Liu.;Heinrich J Audebert.;Zhongjun Chen.;Octavio M Pontes-Neto.;Tingyu Yi.;Timothy P Moran.;Mohamed F Doheim.;Wouter J Schonewille.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年405卷10472期61-69页
Trials of endovascular therapy for basilar artery occlusion, including vertebral occlusion extending into the basilar artery, have shown inconsistent results. We aimed to pool data to estimate safety and efficacy and to explore the benefit across pre-specified subgroups through individual patient data meta-analysis.
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