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1. Efficacy and safety of LEVI-04 in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
作者: Philip G Conaghan.;Nathaniel Katz.;Asger R Bihlet.;Ali Guermazi.;Dror Rom.;Michael C Perkins.;Bernadette Hughes.;Claire Herholdt.;Iwona Bombelka.;Simon Westbrook.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10535期1237-1248页
Current therapies for osteoarthritis have limitations. LEVI-04 is a p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) fusion protein that inhibits neurotrophin-3. We assessed the efficacy and safety of LEVI-04 in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.
2. Proton beam therapy for oropharyngeal cancer (TORPEdO): a phase 3, randomised controlled trial.
作者: David J Thomson.;James M Price.;Matthew Tyler.;Matthew Beasley.;Jim Lester.;Christopher M Nutting.;Nachi Palaniappan.;Robin Prestwich.;Shanmugasundaram Ramkumar.;Anna Thompson.;Guy Betts.;Helen Bulbeck.;Frances Charlwood.;Matthew Clarke.;Matthew Lowe.;Justin Roe.;Justine Tyler.;Lorna Wilson.;Jane L Wolstenholme.;Kevin Chiu.;Judith Christian.;Clare Cruickshank.;Deborah Gardiner.;Holly Tovey.;Catharine M West.;Emma Hall.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10535期1259-1275页
The clinical benefits of intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) compared with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma remain uncertain with respect to treatment-related effects on physical function and quality of life. We aimed to compare late functional, patient-reported, disease control, and survival outcomes between IMPT and IMRT.
3. Prevention of urinary stones with hydration: a randomised clinical trial of an adherence intervention.
作者: Alana C Desai.;Naim M Maalouf.;Jonathan D Harper.;Sri Sivalingam.;John C Lieske.;H Henry Lai.;Peter P Reese.;Hunter Wessells.;Hongqiu Yang.;Hussein R Al-Khalidi.;Ziya Kirkali.;Gregory E Tasian.;Charles D Scales.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10534期1171-1181页
Increased fluid intake is universally recommended to decrease the risk of recurrent urinary stones; however, adherence is challenging. The effectiveness of interventions to maintain high fluid intake has not been well studied. We sought to determine whether a multicomponent behavioural intervention programme to promote high fluid intake reduces symptomatic stone recurrence, compared with a control.
4. Integrated community-based versus facility-based care for people with HIV, diabetes, and hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa (INTE-COMM): an open-label, multicountry, cluster-randomised trial.
作者: Francis X Kasujja.;Faith Aikaeli.;Anupam Garrib.;Erik van Widenfelt.;Ivan Namakoola.;Sokoine Kivuyo.;James A Prior.;Josephine Birungi.;Faith Moyo.;Duolao Wang.;Stavia Turyahabwe.;Gerald Mutungi.;Mina Nakawuka Ssali.;Omary Said Ubuguyu.;Stephen Watiti.;Said Aboud.;Marie Claire Van Hout.;Geoff Gill.;Nelson K Sewankambo.;Peter G Smith.;Sayoki Mfinanga.;Kaushik Ramaiya.;Moffat J Nyirenda.;Shabbar Jaffar.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10533期1084-1094页
In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of diabetes and hypertension is high, alongside a high prevalence of HIV. Whether these conditions can be managed in an integrated way in the community is unknown. We aim to compare integrated community-based care with integrated facility-based care for people with HIV, diabetes, and hypertension in Tanzania and Uganda.
5. Pimicotinib versus placebo for tenosynovial giant cell tumour (MANEUVER): an international, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
作者: Hairong Xu.;Xiaohui Niu.;Vinod Ravi.;Javier Martin-Broto.;Albiruni Abdul Razak.;Ramy Saleh.;Yong Zhou.;Jingnan Shen.;Tang Liu.;Kamlesh Kumar Sankhala.;César Serrano.;Silvia Stacchiotti.;Jing Wang.;Giacomo G Baldi.;Yi Feng.;Yingqi Hua.;Tao Li.;Piotr Rutkowski.;Xiaojing Zhang.;Gabriel Tinoco.;Qingping Zou.;Boyao Shan.;Xiangyu Zhu.;Hans Gelderblom.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10533期1072-1083页
Tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) is a rare, locally aggressive neoplasm that affects otherwise healthy adults. There are few systemic treatment options, highlighting an unmet need. We report the results of part 1 of the MANEUVER trial, which aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pimicotinib, a highly selective, potent, colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor inhibitor, in patients with TGCT.
6. Effect of baxdrostat on ambulatory blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension (Bax24): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Michel Azizi.;Jenifer M Brown.;Jamie P Dwyer.;John M Flack.;Erica S W Jones.;Raisa Kurlyandskaya.;Hongjian Li.;Filip Birve.;Aina S Lihn.;Shira Perl.;Markus P Schlaich.;Hirotaka Shibata.;Ji-Guang Wang.;Bryan Williams.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10532期988-999页
Aldosterone dysregulation is an important contributor in the pathogenesis of hard-to-control hypertension. We aimed to assess the effect of baxdrostat, a selective aldosterone synthase inhibitor, on ambulatory blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension.
7. Feasibility and safety of cellular therapy for in-utero repair of myelomeningocele (CuRe Trial): a first-in-human, phase 1, single-arm study.
作者: Diana L Farmer.;Priyadarsini Kumar.;Elizabeth Reynolds.;Su Yeon Lee.;Amy B Powne.;Christopher D Pivetti.;Marike Zwienenberg.;Amelia S McLennan.;Jan A Nolta.;Erin G Brown.;Payam Saadai.;Shinjiro Hirose.;Aijun Wang.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10531期867-875页
The Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS) trial established the benefit of in-utero repair of myelomeningocele, with a decreased need for ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. However, although there was some improvement of motor function, over half of the patients were unable to ambulate independently. Live placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) seeded on an extracellular matrix have shown promise in rescuing neurological function in the fetal ovine model of myelomeningocele. We aimed to evaluate the safety of this novel, living, stem cell product to augment the prenatal repair of myelomeningocele.
8. Switch to single-tablet bictegravir-lenacapavir from a complex HIV regimen (ARTISTRY-1): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 clinical trial.
作者: Chloe Orkin.;Peter J Ruane.;Malcolm Hedgcock.;Cyril Gaultier.;Marcelo H Losso.;Benoit Trottier.;Thomas Lutz.;Mark O'Reilly.;Mark Bloch.;Jihad Slim.;Moti Ramgopal.;Simiso Sokhela.;Karam Mounzer.;Hung-Chin Tsai.;Jorge Santana Bagur.;Xu Zhang.;Keith Aizen.;Kwanza Price.;Nicolas Margot.;Jairo M Montezuma-Rusca.;Peter Sklar.;Martin Rhee.;Pedro Cahn.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10535期1249-1258页
Single-tablet regimens (STRs) revolutionised HIV-1 treatment, improving adherence and clinical outcomes; however, many people cannot take these due to resistance, contraindications, or drug-drug interactions, instead relying on complex multi-tablet regimens. Novel STRs are therefore needed. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel STR, bictegravir-lenacapavir, in people with HIV-1.
9. Triple cardiovascular disease detection with an artificial intelligence-enabled stethoscope (TRICORDER) in the UK: a cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial.
作者: Mihir A Kelshiker.;Patrik Bächtiger.;Camille F Petri.;Saloni Nakhare.;Josephine Mansell.;Karanjot Chhatwal.;Abdullah Alrumayh.;Jahed Zaman.;Moulesh Shah.;Holly Young.;Helena Roy.;Melanie T Almonte.;Céire Costelloe.;Yasmin Razak.;Azeem Majeed.;James P Howard.;Carys Barton.;Daniel B Kramer.;Carla M Plymen.;Nicholas S Peters.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10529期704-715页
Early detection of cardiovascular disease is a global public health priority. Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled stethoscopes offer robust performance characteristics in point-of-care detection of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and valvular heart disease (VHD). We conducted a pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial to determine the real-world effect and implementation challenges of AI-stethoscopes.
10. Surgical fixation versus non-surgical care for children with a displaced medial epicondyle fracture of the elbow (the SCIENCE study): a multicentre, randomised controlled, superiority trial and economic evaluation.
作者: Daniel C Perry.;Juul Achten.;Alex Zimmermann.;Rebecca Kandiyali.;Duncan Appelbe.;James G Wright.;David Ferguson.;Kemble Wang.;Nichola Wilson.;Amy Moscrop.;James Mason.;Daphne Kounali.;Matthew L Costa.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10528期577-586页
Displaced medial epicondyle fractures are among the most controversial injuries in children, with increasing trends towards surgical fixation despite little supporting evidence. Approximately half of affected children undergo surgical fixation, while others receive non-surgical care. The SCIENCE trial aimed to determine whether surgical fixation to restore the position of the bone provides superior functional outcomes and is cost-effective compared with non-surgical care.
11. Low-dose yellow fever vaccination in infants: a randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial.
作者: Derick Kimathi.;Aitana Juan-Giner.;Ndeye S Bob.;Benedict Orindi.;Maria L Namulwana.;Antoine Diatta.;Stanley Cheruiyot.;Gamou Fall.;Moussa Dia.;Mainga M Hamaluba.;Dan Nyehangane.;Henry K Karanja.;John N Gitonga.;Daisy Mugo.;Donwilliams O Omuoyo.;Mwatasa Hussein.;Elizaphan Oloo.;Naomi Kamau.;Jackline Wafula.;Josephine Bendera.;Namanya Silvester.;James Mwavita.;Musiimenta Joshua.;Jane M Thuranira.;Collins Agababyona.;Caroline Ngetsa.;Nalusaji Aisha.;Felix Moki.;Titus Buluku.;Marianne Munene.;Juliet Mwanga-Amumpaire.;Julius Lutwama.;John Kayiwa.;Eunice Kamaara.;Alan D Barrett.;Pontiano Kaleebu.;Philip Bejon.;Amadou A Sall.;Rebecca F Grais.;George M Warimwe.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10527期497-504页
WHO recommends fractional dose vaccination to address yellow fever vaccine shortages during outbreaks. In adults, a 500 IU dose has recently been shown to be non-inferior to the full standard dose, but the minimum effective dose for children is unknown.
12. Zoliflodacin versus ceftriaxone plus azithromycin for treatment of uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea: an international, randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority clinical trial.
作者: Alison Luckey.;Manica Balasegaram.;Lindley A Barbee.;Teresa A Batteiger.;Helen Broadhurst.;Stephanie E Cohen.;Sinead Delany-Moretlwe.;Henry J C de Vries.;Jodie A Dionne.;Katherine Gill.;Chris Kenyon.;Rossaphorn Kittiyaowamarn.;Drew Lewis.;John P Mueller.;Vimla Naicker.;Seamus O'Brien.;John P O'Donnell.;Nittaya Phanuphak.;Elizabeth Spooner.;Subasree Srinivasan.;Stephanie N Taylor.;Magnus Unemo.;Zinhle Zwane.;Edward W Hook.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10524期147-160页
Development of new treatments for gonorrhoea is a global public health priority. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zoliflodacin versus ceftriaxone plus azithromycin in patients with uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea.
13. Proton versus photon radiotherapy for patients with oropharyngeal cancer in the USA: a multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority phase 3 trial.
作者: Steven J Frank.;Paul M Busse.;J Jack Lee.;David I Rosenthal.;Mike Hernandez.;David M Swanson.;Adam S Garden.;G Brandon Gunn.;Samir H Patel.;James W Snider.;Daniel J Ma.;Jason K Molitoris.;Nancy Y Lee.;Upendra Parvathaneni.;Mark W McDonald.;Noah S Kalman.;Alexander Lin.;Nasiruddin Mohammed.;Christina Henson.;Christian Hyde.;Gopal K Bajaj.;Sanford R Katz.;Roi Dagan.;William H Morrison.;Jay P Reddy.;C David Fuller.;Shalin J Shah.;Jack Phan.;Gregory M Chronowski.;Lauren Mayo.;Erich M Sturgis.;Renata Ferrarotto.;Xiaorong R Zhu.;Xiaodong Zhang.;Li Wang.;Katherine A Hutcheson.;Adel K El-Naggar.;Amy C Moreno.;Anna Lee.;Michael T Spiotto.;Neil D Gross.;Stephen Y Lai.;Jay J Liao.;Jonathan Paly.;Zhongxing Liao.;Robert L Foote.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10524期174-184页
Radiotherapy is an integral component of treatment for oropharyngeal cancer. Toxicity from the current state-of-the-art photon radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), has prompted the search for alternative, less toxic therapies. One such alternative that might de-intensify treatment is proton therapy. In this trial, we aimed to directly compare IMRT with intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), both concurrent with systemic therapy, hypothesising comparable disease control and survival and lower toxicity.
14. Epcoritamab, lenalidomide, and rituximab versus lenalidomide and rituximab for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma (EPCORE FL-1): a global, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.
作者: Lorenzo Falchi.;Marcel Nijland.;Huiqiang Huang.;Kim M Linton.;John F Seymour.;Rong Tao.;Michal Kwiatek.;Abel Costa.;Theodoros P Vassilakopoulos.;Richard Greil.;Ana Jiménez-Ubieto.;Shane A Gangatharan.;Ohad Benjamini.;Catherine Thieblemont.;Alessandra Tucci.;Anna Elinder-Camburn.;Arpad Illes.;Jan Novak.;Miguel A Pavlovsky.;Andrew McDonald.;Dok Hyun Yoon.;Dai Maruyama.;Gauri Sunkersett.;Jian P Mei.;Nabanita Mukherjee.;Feng Zhu.;Abualbishr Alshreef.;Elena Favaro.;Franck Morschhauser.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10524期161-173页
An unmet need persists for chemotherapy-free regimens that induce durable responses for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma. Lenalidomide and rituximab (R2) is an accepted standard of care in this population. The EPCORE FL-1 trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of epcoritamab plus R2 versus R2 in participants with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma after at least one previous line of chemoimmunotherapy.
15. Scheduled birth at term for the prevention of pre-eclampsia (PREVENT-PE): an open-label randomised controlled trial.
作者: James Goadsby.;Argyro Syngelaki.;Laura A Magee.;Peter von Dadelszen.;Ranjit Akolekar.;Sophie Webster.;Alan Wright.;David Wright.;Kypros H Nicolaides.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10523期67-77页
In high-risk pregnancies, there is no reliable intervention to reduce term pre-eclampsia. We aimed to investigate the effect of screening for pre-eclampsia risk at 36 weeks' gestation and offering risk-stratified, planned, early-term birth.
16. Efficacy and safety of nipocalimab in patients with moderate-to-severe Sjögren's disease (DAHLIAS): a randomised, phase 2, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.
作者: Ghaith Noaiseh.;Kathy L Sivils.;Kim Campbell.;Jada Idokogi.;Kim Hung Lo.;Sophia G Liva.;Jocelyn H Leu.;Harman Dhatt.;Keying Ma.;Steven Leonardo.;He Li.;Jonathan J Hubbard.;Jacques-Eric Gottenberg.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10518期2435-2448页
Sjögren's disease is characterised by mucosal dryness, fatigue, chronic pain, systemic organ involvement, and elevated autoreactive IgG antibodies. There are no approved disease-modifying treatments. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate nipocalimab, a neonatal Fc receptor blocker that reduces circulating IgG, including autoantibodies, in patients with Sjögren's disease.
17. A preventive care strategy to reduce moderate or severe acute kidney injury after major surgery (BigpAK-2); a multinational, randomised clinical trial.
作者: Alexander Zarbock.;Marlies Ostermann.;Lui Forni.;Christian Bode.;Lennart Wild.;Christian Putensen.;Diego Parise Roux.;Elena Elías Martín.;Christian Arndt.;Tim Rahmel.;Silvia de Rosa.;Céline Monard.;Antoine G Schneider.;Adam Glass.;Mona Jung-König.;Stefano Romagnoli.;James Gossage.;Nuttha Lumlertgul.;Jan Gerrit Haaker.;Javier Ripollés-Melchor.;Savino Spadaro.;Antonio Siniscalchi.;Emmanuel Futier.;Lucie Aupetitgendre.;Irene Romero Bhathal.;Raquel García Álvarez.;Alice Bernard.;Peter Rosenberger.;Carola Wempe.;Mahan Sadjadi.;Melanie Meersch.;Karen Fischhuber.;Rinaldo Bellomo.;John A Kellum.;Thilo von Groote.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10521期2782-2791页
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and important complication of major surgery, yet recommended preventive care is rarely administered. We used urinary biomarkers to identify patients at high risk of AKI and implemented a preventive care strategy to reduce AKI within 72 h after major surgery.
18. Efficacy of once-daily, high-dose, oral insulin immunotherapy in children genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes (POInT): a European, randomised, placebo-controlled, primary prevention trial.
作者: Anette-Gabriele Ziegler.;Peter Achenbach.;Andreas Weiß.;Reinhard Berner.;Kristina Casteels.;Helena Elding Larsson.;Florian Haupt.;Angela Hommel.;An Jacobs.;Olga Kordonouri.;Markus Lundgren.;Mariusz Ołtarzewski.;Markus Pfirrmann.;Matthew D Snape.;Agnieszka Szypowska.;John A Todd.;Manu Vatish.;Thekla von dem Berge.;Christiane Winkler.;Ezio Bonifacio.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10519期2564-2576页
Type 1 diabetes begins with autoimmunity against pancreatic islet antigens, including insulin. The aim of the Primary Oral Insulin Trial (POInT) was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of daily high-dose oral insulin to prevent the development of islet autoantibodies and diabetes.
19. Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes by baseline and changes in adiposity measurements: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial.
作者: John Deanfield.;A Michael Lincoff.;Steven E Kahn.;Scott S Emerson.;Ildiko Lingvay.;Benjamin M Scirica.;Jorge Plutzky.;Robert F Kushner.;Helen M Colhoun.;G Kees Hovingh.;Signe Stensen.;Peter E Weeke.;Ole Kleist Jeppesen.;Rafael Bravo.;Chau-Chung Wu.;Issei Komuro.;Ferruccio Santini.;Jøran Hjelmesæth.;Miguel Urina-Triana.;Silvio Buscemi.;Donna H Ryan.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10516期2257-2268页
The SELECT trial found semaglutide reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with overweight or obesity with cardiovascular disease but without diabetes. We report a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial on the relationships between baseline adiposity measures, treatment-induced adiposity changes, and subsequent MACE risk.
20. Cloxacillin versus cefazolin for meticillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (CloCeBa): a prospective, open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority, randomised clinical trial.
作者: Charles Burdet.;Nadia Saïdani.;Céline Dupieux.;Adrien Lemaignen.;Etienne Canouï.;Laure Surgers.;Marc Olivier Vareil.;Agnès Lefort.;Raphaël Lepeule.;Nathan Peiffer-Smadja.;Alexandre Charmillon.;Vincent Le Moing.;David Boutoille.;Violaine Tolsma.;Sophie Abgrall.;Michel Wolff.;Pierre Tattevin.;Marina Esposito-Farèse.;François Vandenesch.;Xavier Duval.;Sarah Tubiana.;François-Xavier Lescure.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10517期2349-2359页
Although widely used, cefazolin efficacy for the treatment of meticillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteraemia has not thus far been investigated in a clinical trial. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of cefazolin with that of cloxacillin in patients with MSSA bacteraemia.
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