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1741. Effect of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria on health and education in schoolchildren: a cluster-randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Siân E Clarke.;Matthew Ch Jukes.;J Kiambo Njagi.;Lincoln Khasakhala.;Bonnie Cundill.;Julius Otido.;Christopher Crudder.;Benson Ba Estambale.;Simon Brooker.
来源: Lancet. 2008年372卷9633期127-138页
Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in early childhood, yet its consequences for health and education during the school-age years remain poorly understood. We examined the effect of intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) in reducing anaemia and improving classroom attention and educational achievement in semi-immune schoolchildren in an area of high perennial transmission.
1742. Adjuvant therapy with pegylated interferon alfa-2b versus observation alone in resected stage III melanoma: final results of EORTC 18991, a randomised phase III trial.
作者: Alexander Mm Eggermont.;Stefan Suciu.;Mario Santinami.;Alessandro Testori.;Wim Hj Kruit.;Jeremy Marsden.;Cornelis Ja Punt.;François Salès.;Martin Gore.;Rona MacKie.;Zvonko Kusic.;Reinhard Dummer.;Axel Hauschild.;Elena Musat.;Alain Spatz.;Ulrich Keilholz.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年372卷9633期117-126页
Any benefit of adjuvant interferon alfa-2b for melanoma could depend on dose and duration of treatment. Our aim was to determine whether pegylated interferon alfa-2b can facilitate prolonged exposure while maintaining tolerability.
1743. Management of depression for people with cancer (SMaRT oncology 1): a randomised trial.
作者: Vanessa Strong.;Rachel Waters.;Carina Hibberd.;Gordon Murray.;Lucy Wall.;Jane Walker.;Gillian McHugh.;Andrew Walker.;Michael Sharpe.
来源: Lancet. 2008年372卷9632期40-8页
Major depressive disorder severely impairs the quality of life of patients with medical disorders such as cancer, but evidence to guide its management is scarce. We aimed to assess the efficacy and cost of a nurse-delivered complex intervention that was designed to treat major depressive disorder in patients who have cancer.
1744. An adjuvant autologous therapeutic vaccine (HSPPC-96; vitespen) versus observation alone for patients at high risk of recurrence after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase III trial.
作者: Christopher Wood.;Pramod Srivastava.;Ronald Bukowski.;Louis Lacombe.;Andrei I Gorelov.;Sergei Gorelov.;Peter Mulders.;Henryk Zielinski.;Axel Hoos.;Florentina Teofilovici.;Leah Isakov.;Robert Flanigan.;Robert Figlin.;Renu Gupta.;Bernard Escudier.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年372卷9633期145-154页
Treatment of localised renal cell carcinoma consists of partial or radical nephrectomy. A substantial proportion of patients are at risk for recurrence because no effective adjuvant therapy exists. We investigated the use of an autologous, tumour-derived heat-shock protein (glycoprotein 96)-peptide complex (HSPPC-96; vitespen) as adjuvant treatment in patients at high risk of recurrence after resection of locally advanced renal cell carcinoma.
1745. Maintenance treatment with buprenorphine and naltrexone for heroin dependence in Malaysia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Expansion of access to effective treatments for heroin dependence is a worldwide health priority that will also reduce HIV transmission. We compared the efficacy of naltrexone, buprenorphine, and no additional treatment, in patients receiving detoxification and subsequent drug counselling, for maintenance of heroin abstinence, prevention of relapse, and reduction of HIV risk behaviours.
1746. Extended duration rivaroxaban versus short-term enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip arthroplasty: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Ajay K Kakkar.;Benjamin Brenner.;Ola E Dahl.;Bengt I Eriksson.;Patrick Mouret.;Jim Muntz.;Andrea G Soglian.;Akos F Pap.;Frank Misselwitz.;Sylvia Haas.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年372卷9632期31-9页
The risk of venous thromboembolism is high after total hip arthroplasty and could persist after hospital discharge. Our aim was to compare the use of rivaroxaban for extended thromboprophylaxis with short-term thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin.
1747. Effect of aciclovir on HIV-1 acquisition in herpes simplex virus 2 seropositive women and men who have sex with men: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Connie Celum.;Anna Wald.;James Hughes.;Jorge Sanchez.;Stewart Reid.;Sinead Delany-Moretlwe.;Frances Cowan.;Martin Casapia.;Abner Ortiz.;Jonathan Fuchs.;Susan Buchbinder.;Beryl Koblin.;Sheryl Zwerski.;Scott Rose.;Jing Wang.;Lawrence Corey.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9630期2109-19页
Across many observational studies, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection is associated with two-fold to three-fold increased risk for HIV-1 infection. We investigated whether HSV-2 suppression with aciclovir would reduce the risk of HIV-1 acquisition.
1748. Treatment of patients with mildly symptomatic pulmonary arterial hypertension with bosentan (EARLY study): a double-blind, randomised controlled trial.
作者: N Galiè.;Lj Rubin.;Mm Hoeper.;P Jansa.;H Al-Hiti.;Gmb Meyer.;E Chiossi.;A Kusic-Pajic.;G Simonneau.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9630期2093-100页
Treatments for pulmonary arterial hypertension have been mainly studied in patients with advanced disease (WHO functional class [FC] III and IV). This study was designed to assess the effect of the dual endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with WHO FC II pulmonary arterial hypertension.
1749. Effect of laquinimod on MRI-monitored disease activity in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIb study.
作者: G Comi.;A Pulizzi.;M Rovaris.;O Abramsky.;T Arbizu.;A Boiko.;R Gold.;E Havrdova.;S Komoly.;Kw Selmaj.;B Sharrack.;M Filippi.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9630期2085-92页
A 24-week phase II trial has shown that 0.3 mg of laquinimod given daily to patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis was well tolerated and reduced the formation of active lesions. We assessed the effect of oral daily 0.3 and 0.6 mg laquinimod on MRI-monitored disease activity in a 36-week double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIb study.
1750. Effect of carbocisteine on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PEACE Study): a randomised placebo-controlled study.
作者: Jin-Ping Zheng.;Jian Kang.;Shao-Guang Huang.;Ping Chen.;Wan-Zen Yao.;Lan Yang.;Chun-Xue Bai.;Chang-Zheng Wang.;Chen Wang.;Bao-Yuan Chen.;Yi Shi.;Chun-Tao Liu.;Ping Chen.;Qiang Li.;Zhen-Shan Wang.;Yi-Jiang Huang.;Zhi-Yang Luo.;Fei-Peng Chen.;Jian-Zhang Yuan.;Ben-Tong Yuan.;Hui-Ping Qian.;Rong-Chang Zhi.;Nan-Shan Zhong.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9629期2013-8页
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by airflow limitation, and has many components including mucus hypersecretion, oxidative stress, and airway inflammation. We aimed to assess whether carbocisteine, a mucolytic agent with anti-inflammatory and antioxidation activities, could reduce the yearly exacerbation rate in patients with COPD.
1751. Nurse-coordinated multidisciplinary, family-based cardiovascular disease prevention programme (EUROACTION) for patients with coronary heart disease and asymptomatic individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease: a paired, cluster-randomised controlled trial.
作者: D A Wood.;K Kotseva.;S Connolly.;C Jennings.;A Mead.;J Jones.;A Holden.;D De Bacquer.;T Collier.;G De Backer.;O Faergeman.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9629期1999-2012页
Our aim was to investigate whether a nurse-coordinated multidisciplinary, family-based preventive cardiology programme could improve standards of preventive care in routine clinical practice.
1752. Use of a patch containing heat-labile toxin from Escherichia coli against travellers' diarrhoea: a phase II, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial.
作者: Sarah A Frech.;Herbert L Dupont.;A Louis Bourgeois.;Robin McKenzie.;Jaime Belkind-Gerson.;Jose F Figueroa.;Pablo C Okhuysen.;Norma H Guerrero.;Francisco G Martinez-Sandoval.;Juan Hm Meléndez-Romero.;Zhi-Dong Jiang.;Edwin J Asturias.;Jane Halpern.;Olga R Torres.;Ana S Hoffman.;Christina P Villar.;Raniya N Kassem.;David C Flyer.;Bo H Andersen.;Kazem Kazempour.;Sally A Breisch.;Gregory M Glenn.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9629期2019-25页
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of travellers' diarrhoea. We investigated the rate of diarrhoea attacks, safety, and feasibility of a vaccine containing heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) from ETEC delivered to the skin by patch in travellers to Mexico and Guatemala.
1753. Effect of community-based newborn-care intervention package implemented through two service-delivery strategies in Sylhet district, Bangladesh: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
作者: Abdullah H Baqui.;Shams El-Arifeen.;Gary L Darmstadt.;Saifuddin Ahmed.;Emma K Williams.;Habibur R Seraji.;Ishtiaq Mannan.;Syed M Rahman.;Rasheduzzaman Shah.;Samir K Saha.;Uzma Syed.;Peter J Winch.;Amnesty Lefevre.;Mathuram Santosham.;Robert E Black.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9628期1936-44页
Neonatal mortality accounts for a high proportion of deaths in children under the age of 5 years in Bangladesh. Therefore the project for advancing the health of newborns and mothers (Projahnmo) implemented a community-based intervention package through government and non-government organisation infrastructures to reduce neonatal mortality.
1754. Cardiac death and reinfarction after 1 year in the Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute myocardial infarction Study (TAPAS): a 1-year follow-up study.
作者: Pieter J Vlaar.;Tone Svilaas.;Iwan C van der Horst.;Gilles F H Diercks.;Marieke L Fokkema.;Bart J G L de Smet.;Ad F M van den Heuvel.;Rutger L Anthonio.;Gillian A Jessurun.;Eng-Shiong Tan.;Albert J H Suurmeijer.;Felix Zijlstra.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9628期1915-20页
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction can be complicated by spontaneous or angioplasty-induced embolisation of atherothrombotic material. Distal blockage induces microvascular obstruction and can result in less than optimum reperfusion of viable myocardium. The Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute myocardial infarction Study (TAPAS) found that thrombus aspiration resulted in improved myocardial reperfusion compared with conventional PCI, but whether this benefit improves clinical outcome is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether the early efficacy of thrombus aspiration seen in TAPAS translated into clinical benefit after 1 year.
1755. Use of oral prednisolone or naproxen for the treatment of gout arthritis: a double-blind, randomised equivalence trial.
作者: Hein J E M Janssens.;Matthijs Janssen.;Eloy H van de Lisdonk.;Piet L C M van Riel.;Chris van Weel.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9627期1854-60页
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and colchicine used to treat gout arthritis have gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular adverse effects. Systemic corticosteroids might be a beneficial alternative. We investigated equivalence of naproxen and prednisolone in primary care.
1756. Efficacy of gemcitabine plus axitinib compared with gemcitabine alone in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: an open-label randomised phase II study.
作者: Jean-Philippe Spano.;Catherine Chodkiewicz.;Joan Maurel.;Ralph Wong.;Harpreet Wasan.;Carlo Barone.;Richard Létourneau.;Emilio Bajetta.;Yazdi Pithavala.;Paul Bycott.;Peter Trask.;Katherine Liau.;Alejandro D Ricart.;Sinil Kim.;Olivier Rixe.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9630期2101-8页
Axitinib (AG-013736) is a potent and selective oral inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1, 2, and 3, which have an important role in pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of gemcitabine plus axitinib versus gemcitabine alone.
1757. Enhanced diabetes care to patients of south Asian ethnic origin (the United Kingdom Asian Diabetes Study): a cluster randomised controlled trial.
作者: S Bellary.;J P O'Hare.;N T Raymond.;A Gumber.;S Mughal.;A Szczepura.;S Kumar.;A H Barnett.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9626期1769-76页
Delivery of high-quality, evidence-based health care to deprived sectors of the community is a major goal for society. We investigated the effectiveness of a culturally sensitive, enhanced care package in UK general practices for improvement of cardiovascular risk factors in patients of south Asian origin with type 2 diabetes.
1758. Effects of succinobucol (AGI-1067) after an acute coronary syndrome: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Jean-Claude Tardif.;John J V McMurray.;Eric Klug.;Robert Small.;Jennifer Schumi.;Jasmine Choi.;Jim Cooper.;Robert Scott.;Eldrin F Lewis.;Philippe L L'Allier.;Marc A Pfeffer.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9626期1761-8页
Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to assess the effects of the antioxidant succinobucol (AGI-1067) on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with recent acute coronary syndromes already managed with conventional treatments.
1759. Effect of intensive insulin therapy on beta-cell function and glycaemic control in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a multicentre randomised parallel-group trial.
作者: Jianping Weng.;Yanbing Li.;Wen Xu.;Lixin Shi.;Qiao Zhang.;Dalong Zhu.;Yun Hu.;Zhiguang Zhou.;Xiang Yan.;Haoming Tian.;Xingwu Ran.;Zuojie Luo.;Jing Xian.;Li Yan.;Fangping Li.;Longyi Zeng.;Yanming Chen.;Liyong Yang.;Sunjie Yan.;Juan Liu.;Ming Li.;Zuzhi Fu.;Hua Cheng.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9626期1753-60页
Early intensive insulin therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes might improve beta-cell function and result in extended glycaemic remissions. We did a multicentre, randomised trial to compare the effects of transient intensive insulin therapy (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII] or multiple daily insulin injections [MDI]) with oral hypoglycaemic agents on beta-cell function and diabetes remission rate.
1760. Active symptom control with or without chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MS01): a multicentre randomised trial.
作者: Martin F Muers.;Richard J Stephens.;Patricia Fisher.;Liz Darlison.;Christopher M B Higgs.;Erica Lowry.;Andrew G Nicholson.;Mary O'Brien.;Michael Peake.;Robin Rudd.;Michael Snee.;Jeremy Steele.;David J Girling.;Matthew Nankivell.;Cheryl Pugh.;Mahesh K B Parmar.; .
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9625期1685-94页
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is almost always fatal, and few treatment options are available. Although active symptom control (ASC) has been recommended for the management of this disease, no consensus exists for the role of chemotherapy. We investigated whether the addition of chemotherapy to ASC improved survival and quality of life.
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