Microsurgical resection of brain metastases (BM) has traditionally been a mainstay of local control for large or symptomatic lesions. Maximal tumor burden reduction remains controversial in the multidisciplinary management of BM patients and needs to be re-evaluated in view of new systemic treatment options. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the role of extent of resection (EOR)/residual volume (RV) for progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with BM.

The precise balance between nerve preservation and tumor control during robot-assisted prostatectomy remains a clinical challenge. The NeuroSAFE technique can guide secondary resection through intraoperative real-time frozen pathology, but its overall value for perioperative safety and oncological and functional prognosis is still a matter of debate. The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic evaluation of the impact of NeuroSAFE technology on perioperative safety and functional and oncological outcomes. In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted, with a cutoff date of April 2025. NeuroSAFE technology was comprehensively evaluated from the perspectives of oncology, functionality, and perioperative safety. This meta-analysis included 14 studies (2 randomized controlled trials, 12 non-randomized studies; sample size = 26,442), in which a total of 14,458 patients underwent NeuroSAFE robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and 11,984 patients underwent standard RARP. NeuroSAFE significantly reduced the rate of positive surgical margins (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.59-0.87, p < 0.001) and the PSA persistence rate (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.05-5.64, p < 0.05) while also reducing the 2-year biochemical recurrence rate (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.45-1.45). The functional outcomes revealed that NeuroSAFE demonstrated superiority in preserving the neurovascular bundle (OR: 3.86, 95% CI: 1.56-9.58, p < 0.001) and improving postoperative erectile function (OR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.65-3.50, p < 0.05) but no significant advantage in urinary control (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.07-2.09, p > 0.05). During the perioperative period, NeuroSAFE prolonged the surgical time (mean difference: + 22.84 min, p < 0.001) but did not increase the incidence of serious adverse events (3% vs. 3% SAEs). Rare complications included, among other events, one death due to cecal rupture. Our meta-analysis confirmed that the NeuroSAFE technique offers advantages over standard RARP in terms of tumor control, functional preservation, and nerve preservation rates without increasing the incidence of severe postoperative adverse events. Although this technique prolongs the surgical time, its overall advantages are evident. Its long-term efficacy and safety require validation through multicenter, large-sample randomized controlled trials.

To compare the efficacy and safety of first-line treatments for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC).

This study investigates the efficacy and safety of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) combined with endocrine therapy (ET) in treating hormone receptor-positive (HR +), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer.

Lung cancer is a major global health issue with high variability in incidence and mortality. However, reliable predictive biomarkers for lung cancer prognosis remain lacking. The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) has emerged as a promising prognostic tool by reflecting systemic immune and inflammatory responses.

Prostate cancer (PCa) has been considered an immunologically "cold tumor". Indeed, in advanced PCa, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or anti-tumor vaccines have shown poor results in phase II and phase III trials with the exception of sipuleucel-T that showed a modest survival benefit. Radiotherapy and Targeted radioisotopes, such as 223Radium or 177Lu-PSMA-617 monotherapy, contributed in prolonging the progression-free survival of PCa patients in second or third line. However, potential benefits of combination with immune therapies were inconstantly investigated and outcomes often were discordant.

The presence of spread through air spaces (STAS) predicts poor long-term survival of lung cancer patients. However, the association between STAS and prognosis of operated lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains unclear at this time. The aim of this meta-analysis was to further identify the prognostic value of STAS in surgical LSCC patients.

Lynch syndrome (LS) is an inherited disorder associated with an increased risk of colorectal and extracolonic malignancies, including gastric cancer (GC). This study quantifies the association between specific risk factors and GC development in patients with LS.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Current global treatment recommendations suggest lenvatinib and sorafenib have been approved to treat unresectable HCC. Studies comparing lenvatinib versus sorafenib for unresectable HCC have shown conflicting results and no structured review has yet evaluated its efficacy and safety. This article aims to estimate the efficacy of lenvatinib and sorafenib in patients with unresectable HCC.

This review aims to examine the effect of PARP inhibitors on PFS, OS, and adverse events in women with advanced ovarian cancer (OC).

Previous studies have reported conflicting results regarding the association between the Geriatric 8 (G-8) geriatric screening tool and prognosis in patients with cancer. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the G-8 score in patients with cancer.

To methodologically assess the prediction model for temporary stoma permanence in patients with rectal cancer and provide evidence-based guidance for the construction and clinical application of related models.

Preoperative embolization is a widely recognized adjunctive treatment for highly vascular head and neck tumors; however, there is still no consensus regarding its efficacy and safety. Our study aims to address this issue through a meta-analysis.

Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumours. Recurrence occurs in up to 20%, with even higher percentages in atypical or malignant meningiomas. The non-removal of the dural tail may be a risk factor for recurrence. In this review, we aimed to determine the prevalence of tumour tissue in the radiological dural tail sign. Our secondary outcome was to determine the clinical relevance of the dural tail, if possible. PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies. Articles evaluating dural tails with both radiological and histopathological findings were included. Two reviewers independently screened studies. Data was extracted manually. 18 articles met the inclusion criteria out of 843 identified reports. In total, 406 patients with a radiological and histopathological evaluated dural tail were found. 286 patients (70.9%) had tumour infiltrate; 110 non-neoplastic dural tails showed vascular changes, loose connective tissue proliferation or inflammation. 65 patients with seemingly normal dura mater were reported, of which 26 (40.0%) showed tumour infiltration. It appears that tumour tissue in the radiological dural tail is common. Concerningly, approximately 40% of non-enhancing dura also revealed tumour tissue in the pathological examination. This highlights the need for further systematic research into the dural tail and its clinical impact on recurrence. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Numerous studies have developed and validated models to predict spread through air space (STAS) in lung cancer using preoperative computed tomography (CT), yielding inconsistent results. We aimed to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of CT-based radiomics for predicting spread through air space (STAS) for preoperative prediction of lung cancer.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are a common driver of oncogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lazertinib, a third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has shown promise as a first-line treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC. However, the comparative efficacy and safety of lazertinib in this setting have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lazertinib for EGFR-mutated locally advanced NSCLC.

Colorectal cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate, and the effectiveness of routine colonoscopy largely depends on the endoscopist's expertise. In recent years, computer-aided detection (CADe) systems have been increasingly integrated into colonoscopy to improve detection accuracy. However, while most studies have focused on adenoma detection rate (ADR) as the primary outcome, the more sensitive adenoma miss rate (AMR) has been less frequently analyzed.

Brain metastasis represents an ongoing clinical challenge with high morbidity and mortality despite improvements in other areas of oncology. A significant obstacle in brain metastasis research concerns the modelling of the complex tumour-brain microenvironment and there has been a recent shift to the development of more complex assays to improve translational potential. Organoids are three-dimensional tissue aggregates derived from tumour tissue or stem cells and have been utilised extensively in wider biological research. This review aims to summarise the current state of brain metastasis organoid research, with a focus on methodologies, mechanistic understanding, and clinical applicability. A narrative review of the literature was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science and results were screened using PRISMA guidelines. Search strategies included variations of 'brain metastasis' and 'cerebral organoid' and fifteen articles were included for review. There was a clear lack of uniformity in the methodologies used in organoid production, with additionally fragmented approaches in the investigation of molecular mechanisms and drug discovery. Comparison is thus highly challenging, and this is exacerbated by small sample sizes and diverse primary tumour types. Additionally, there remains an over-reliance on the use of animal-based tissues rather than those derived from human patients. Interestingly, several studies introduced blood-brain-barrier models which show potential however remain in early stages of development. Future studies should aim to streamline organoid production techniques and establish a consensus on relevant molecular pathways of interest, while increasing cohort sizes to enhance clinical applicability. Although it remains in nascent stages, cerebral organoid research represents a field with strong potential to improve knowledge and treatment options for people living with brain metastases.

Wire localization systems are widely used for perioperative lung nodule localization. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of five wire types (barb-thorn, double-thorn, four-hook, spiral, and Q-type) for preoperative localization.

IntroductionHistorically, the management of relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (r/r-DLBCL) involved chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant, though outcomes were often suboptimal. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has transformed the therapeutic landscape for r/r-DLBCL, achieving high response rates and improving progression-free and overall survival. However, a significant proportion of patients relapse after CAR-T, and optimal treatment strategies for post-CAR-T relapse remain unclear. Radiotherapy (RT), a highly effective treatment for lymphoma, is increasingly recognized for its potential role as both a bridging therapy and a salvage option following CAR-T relapse.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, with search terms combining "radiotherapy," "radiation therapy," "lymphoma," and "CAR T-cell." A total of 690 records were screened, and 14 studies were included in the analysis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria.ResultsRT demonstrates high response rates in CAR-T relapsed DLBCL, with overall response rates (ORR) ranging from 35% to 82.4% and complete response rates (CRR) from 17% to 59%. One-year local control rates ranged between 62% and 84%. Salvage RT showed comparable or superior outcomes to systemic therapies in multiple studies, particularly in patients with localized relapses. The toxicity profile of RT was favorable, particularly when modern techniques such as IMRT were employed. Case reports and retrospective series highlighted its effectiveness in achieving durable responses and controlling localized disease progression.ConclusionsRadiotherapy is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with DLBCL relapsed or refractory after CAR-T therapy. It achieves high local control rates and favorable outcomes, particularly in patients with localized relapse. Incorporating RT into the therapeutic workflow may enhance the management of this challenging population. Further prospective studies are needed to define its role and optimize treatment sequencing.