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122. Neurovascular Complications of Iatrogenic Fusarium solani Meningitis.
作者: Nora Strong.;Grant Meeks.;Sunil A Sheth.;Louise McCullough.;Julian A Villalba.;Chunfeng Tan.;Andrew Barreto.;Audrey Wanger.;Michelle McDonald.;Peter Kan.;Hashem Shaltoni.;Jose Campo Maldonado.;Victoria Parada.;Ameer E Hassan.;Sarah Reagan-Steiner.;Tom Chiller.;Jeremy A W Gold.;Dallas J Smith.;Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷6期522-529页
A multinational outbreak of nosocomial fusarium meningitis occurred among immunocompetent patients who had undergone surgery with epidural anesthesia in Mexico. The pathogen involved had a high predilection for the brain stem and vertebrobasilar arterial system and was associated with high mortality from vessel injury. Effective treatment options remain limited; in vitro susceptibility testing of the organism suggested that it is resistant to all currently approved antifungal medications in the United States. To highlight the severe complications associated with fusarium infection acquired in this manner, we report data, clinical courses, and outcomes from 13 patients in the outbreak who presented with symptoms after a median delay of 39 days.
125. Trial of Selective Early Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Ibuprofen.
作者: Samir Gupta.;Nimish V Subhedar.;Jennifer L Bell.;David Field.;Ursula Bowler.;Elizabeth Hutchison.;Sam Johnson.;Wilf Kelsall.;Justine Pepperell.;Tracy Roberts.;Sunil Sinha.;Kayleigh Stanbury.;Jonathan Wyllie.;Pollyanna Hardy.;Edmund Juszczak.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷4期314-325页
The cyclooxygenase inhibitor ibuprofen may be used to treat patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Whether selective early treatment of large PDAs with ibuprofen would improve short-term outcomes is not known.
127. Oral Simnotrelvir for Adult Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Covid-19.
作者: Bin Cao.;Yeming Wang.;Hongzhou Lu.;Chaolin Huang.;Yumei Yang.;Lianhan Shang.;Zhu Chen.;Rongmeng Jiang.;Yihe Liu.;Ling Lin.;Ping Peng.;Fuxiang Wang.;Fengyun Gong.;Honglin Hu.;Cong Cheng.;Xiangyang Yao.;Xianwei Ye.;Hourong Zhou.;Yinzhong Shen.;Chenfan Liu.;Chunying Wang.;Zhennan Yi.;Bijie Hu.;Jiuyang Xu.;Xiaoying Gu.;Jingshan Shen.;Yechun Xu.;Leike Zhang.;Jia Fan.;Renhong Tang.;Chen Wang.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷3期230-241页
Simnotrelvir is an oral 3-chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitor that has been found to have in vitro activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and potential efficacy in a phase 1B trial.
129. Two Randomized Trials of Low-Dose Calcium Supplementation in Pregnancy.
作者: Pratibha Dwarkanath.;Alfa Muhihi.;Christopher R Sudfeld.;Blair J Wylie.;Molin Wang.;Nandita Perumal.;Tinku Thomas.;Shabani M Kinyogoli.;Mohamed Bakari.;Ryan Fernandez.;John-Michael Raj.;Ndeniria O Swai.;Nirmala Buggi.;Rani Shobha.;Mary M Sando.;Christopher P Duggan.;Honorati M Masanja.;Anura V Kurpad.;Andrea B Pembe.;Wafaie W Fawzi.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷2期143-153页
The World Health Organization recommends 1500 to 2000 mg of calcium daily as supplementation, divided into three doses, for pregnant persons in populations with low dietary calcium intake in order to reduce the risk of preeclampsia. The complexity of the dosing scheme, however, has led to implementation barriers.
130. Repotrectinib in ROS1 Fusion-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
作者: Alexander Drilon.;D Ross Camidge.;Jessica J Lin.;Sang-We Kim.;Benjamin J Solomon.;Rafal Dziadziuszko.;Benjamin Besse.;Koichi Goto.;Adrianus Johannes de Langen.;Jürgen Wolf.;Ki Hyeong Lee.;Sanjay Popat.;Christoph Springfeld.;Misako Nagasaka.;Enriqueta Felip.;Nong Yang.;Vamsidhar Velcheti.;Shun Lu.;Steven Kao.;Christophe Dooms.;Matthew G Krebs.;Wenxiu Yao.;Muhammad Shaalan Beg.;Xiufeng Hu.;Denis Moro-Sibilot.;Parneet Cheema.;Shanna Stopatschinskaja.;Minal Mehta.;Denise Trone.;Armin Graber.;Gregory Sims.;Yong Yuan.;Byoung Chul Cho.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷2期118-131页
The early-generation ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that are approved for the treatment of ROS1 fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have antitumor activity, but resistance develops in tumors, and intracranial activity is suboptimal. Repotrectinib is a next-generation ROS1 TKI with preclinical activity against ROS1 fusion-positive cancers, including those with resistance mutations such as ROS1 G2032R.
131. Effects of Cooking with Liquefied Petroleum Gas or Biomass on Stunting in Infants.
作者: William Checkley.;Lisa M Thompson.;Sheela S Sinharoy.;Shakir Hossen.;Lawrence H Moulton.;Howard H Chang.;Lance Waller.;Kyle Steenland.;Ghislaine Rosa.;Alexie Mukeshimana.;Florien Ndagijimana.;John P McCracken.;Anaité Díaz-Artiga.;Kalpana Balakrishnan.;Sarada S Garg.;Gurusamy Thangavel.;Vigneswari Aravindalochanan.;Stella M Hartinger.;Marilú Chiang.;Miles A Kirby.;Aris T Papageorghiou.;Usha Ramakrishnan.;Kendra N Williams.;Laura Nicolaou.;Michael Johnson.;Ajay Pillarisetti.;Joshua Rosenthal.;Lindsay J Underhill.;Jiantong Wang.;Shirin Jabbarzadeh.;Yunyun Chen.;Victor G Dávila-Román.;Luke P Naeher.;Eric D McCollum.;Jennifer L Peel.;Thomas F Clasen.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷1期44-54页
Household air pollution is associated with stunted growth in infants. Whether the replacement of biomass fuel (e.g., wood, dung, or agricultural crop waste) with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking can reduce the risk of stunting is unknown.
132. Liquefied Petroleum Gas or Biomass Cooking and Severe Infant Pneumonia.
作者: Eric D McCollum.;John P McCracken.;Miles A Kirby.;Laura M Grajeda.;Shakir Hossen.;Lawrence H Moulton.;Suzanne M Simkovich.;Dina Goodman-Palmer.;Ghislaine Rosa.;Alexie Mukeshimana.;Kalpana Balakrishnan.;Gurusamy Thangavel.;Sarada S Garg.;Adly Castañaza.;Lisa M Thompson.;Anaite Diaz-Artiga.;Aris T Papageorghiou.;Victor G Davila-Roman.;Lindsay J Underhill.;Stella M Hartinger.;Kendra N Williams.;Laura Nicolaou.;Howard H Chang.;Amy E Lovvorn.;Joshua P Rosenthal.;Ajay Pillarisetti.;Wenlu Ye.;Luke P Naeher.;Michael A Johnson.;Lance A Waller.;Shirin Jabbarzadeh.;Jiantong Wang.;Yunyun Chen.;Kyle Steenland.;Thomas F Clasen.;Jennifer L Peel.;William Checkley.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷1期32-43页
Exposure to household air pollution is a risk factor for severe pneumonia. The effect of replacing biomass cookstoves with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cookstoves on the incidence of severe infant pneumonia is uncertain.
133. Locally Acquired Melioidosis Linked to Environment - Mississippi, 2020-2023.
作者: Julia K Petras.;Mindy G Elrod.;Maureen C Ty.;Patrick Dawson.;Kevin O'Laughlin.;Jay E Gee.;Jennifer Hanson.;Carla Boutwell.;Gail Ainsworth.;Cari A Beesley.;Elke Saile.;Rebekah Tiller.;Christopher A Gulvik.;Daphne Ware.;Theresa Sokol.;Gary Balsamo.;Kathryn Taylor.;Johanna S Salzer.;William A Bower.;Zachary P Weiner.;María E Negrón.;Alex R Hoffmaster.;Paul Byers.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷25期2355-2362页
Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a rare but potentially fatal bacterial disease endemic to tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. It is typically acquired through contact with contaminated soil or fresh water. Before this investigation, B. pseudomallei was not known to have been isolated from the environment in the continental United States. Here, we report on three patients living in the same Mississippi Gulf Coast county who presented with melioidosis within a 3-year period. They were infected by the same Western Hemisphere B. pseudomallei strain that was discovered in three environmental samples collected from the property of one of the patients. These findings indicate local acquisition of melioidosis from the environment in the Mississippi Gulf Coast region.
134. Doxycycline Prophylaxis to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections in Women.
作者: Jenell Stewart.;Kevin Oware.;Deborah Donnell.;Lauren R Violette.;Josephine Odoyo.;Olusegun O Soge.;Caitlin W Scoville.;Victor Omollo.;Felix O Mogaka.;Fredericka A Sesay.;R Scott McClelland.;Matthew Spinelli.;Monica Gandhi.;Elizabeth A Bukusi.;Jared M Baeten.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷25期2331-2340页
Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) has been shown to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among cisgender men and transgender women, but data from trials involving cisgender women are lacking.
137. Pre-Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2-Negative Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.
作者: Sarah Benezech.;Liliane Khoryati.;Jade Cognard.;Stejara A Netea.;Taushif Khan.;Marion Moreews.;Kahina Saker.;Jean-Marie De Guillebon.;Samira Khaldi-Plassart.;Rémi Pescarmona.;Sebastien Viel.;Christophe Malcus.;Magali Perret.;Meriadeg Ar Gouilh.;Astrid Vabret.;Fabienne Venet.;Solenn Remy.;Emilie Chopin.;Gérard Lina.;François Vandenesch.;Noëmi Rousseaux.;Paul Bastard.;Shen-Ying Zhang.;Jean-Laurent Casanova.;Sophie Trouillet-Assant.;Thierry Walzer.;Taco W Kuijpers.;Etienne Javouhey.;Olivier Dauwalder.;Nico Marr.;Alexandre Belot.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷22期2105-2107页 138. Intravenous Levothyroxine for Unstable Brain-Dead Heart Donors.
作者: Rajat Dhar.;Gary F Marklin.;W Dean Klinkenberg.;Jinli Wang.;Charles W Goss.;Abhijit V Lele.;Clark D Kensinger.;Paul A Lange.;Daniel J Lebovitz.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷22期2029-2038页
Hemodynamic instability and myocardial dysfunction are major factors preventing the transplantation of hearts from organ donors after brain death. Intravenous levothyroxine is widely used in donor care, on the basis of observational data suggesting that more organs may be transplanted from donors who receive hormonal supplementation.
139. A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Stable Angina.
作者: Christopher A Rajkumar.;Michael J Foley.;Fiyyaz Ahmed-Jushuf.;Alexandra N Nowbar.;Florentina A Simader.;John R Davies.;Peter D O'Kane.;Peter Haworth.;Helen Routledge.;Tushar Kotecha.;Reto Gamma.;Gerald Clesham.;Rupert Williams.;Jehangir Din.;Sukhjinder S Nijjer.;Nick Curzen.;Neil Ruparelia.;Manas Sinha.;Jason N Dungu.;Sashiananthan Ganesananthan.;Ramzi Khamis.;Lal Mughal.;Tim Kinnaird.;Ricardo Petraco.;James C Spratt.;Sayan Sen.;Joban Sehmi.;David J Collier.;Afzal Sohaib.;Thomas R Keeble.;Graham D Cole.;James P Howard.;Darrel P Francis.;Matthew J Shun-Shin.;Rasha K Al-Lamee.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷25期2319-2330页
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is frequently performed to reduce the symptoms of stable angina. Whether PCI relieves angina more than a placebo procedure in patients who are not receiving antianginal medication remains unknown.
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