Although a growing body of evidence supports zero risk of sexual HIV transmission from a person with sustained virological suppression, known as U=U (undetectable equals untransmittable), data have been insufficient to determine whether this is also true for vertical HIV transmission. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify vertical transmission risk by maternal HIV viral load (mHVL) and to evaluate the applicability of U=U to perinatal and postnatal HIV transmission.

Since the emergence of the Zika virus epidemic in 2014 and the associated novel sequalae that emerged, much has been learned about the effects of antenatal exposure to Zika virus. Zika virus in pregnancy carries severe teratogenic potential to the fetus, ranging from congenital Zika syndrome to milder neurodevelopmental sequelae. Congenital Zika syndrome is associated with a spectrum of alterations that can affect cognitive, language, and motor development. Among children with congenital Zika syndrome, dysphagia and seizures are common, as are hospitalisations for pneumonia and urinary tract infections; overall, morbidity and mortality are extremely high. Children without congenital Zika syndrome but exposed to Zika virus antenatally are also at risk of developmental disorders. In addition, in utero exposure to Zika virus does not lead to the production of neutralising antibodies. Although the epidemic has subsided, Zika virus remains endemic in many countries and continues to affect families. Maternal associations have been fundamental in advocating for health care for children with congenital Zika syndrome and economic support for families. Gaps in scientific knowledge include the absence of data on long-term outcomes among school-age children. Future research and investments are needed to improve diagnostics, restart the stalled development of Zika virus vaccines, and evaluate antiviral treatments.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include ending the epidemics of HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria by 2030. With 5 years remaining to meet this goal, and with the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria seeking funding for programmes in 2027-29, establishing what can be achieved through continued investment in combatting these diseases is crucial. We aimed to estimate the potential for impact by analysing the funding landscape and epidemiological situations of these three diseases, the costs of key programmes, and the extent of possible future progress in the countries eligible for Global Fund support.

Clade I monkeypox virus is endemic in DR Congo. We aim to describe the epidemiological trends of the cocirculating subclades Ia and Ib mpox outbreaks in Kinshasa, DR Congo.