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941. Chagas Disease.
Chagas disease, which is caused by infection with the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is a leading neglected tropical disease in the United States. An estimated 240 000 to 350 000 persons in the United States are infected, primarily immigrants from Mexico, Central America, and South America, where the disease is endemic. The parasite is transmitted by the triatomine bug but can also be passed through blood transfusion, via organ transplant, or congenitally. Approximately 30% of infected persons later develop cardiac and/or gastrointestinal complications. Health care providers should consider screening at-risk patients with serologic testing. Early diagnosis and treatment with benznidazole or nifurtimox can help prevent complications.
942. In basilar-artery occlusion stroke, thrombectomy improved functional outcomes without increasing ICH.
Jovin TG, Li C, Wu L, et al. Trial of thrombectomy 6 to 24 hours after stroke due to basilar-artery occlusion. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:1373-84. 36239645.
943. In adults, a single colonoscopy screening invitation vs. no invitation reduced CRC incidence at 10 y.
Bretthauer M, Løberg M, Wieszczy P, et al. Effect of colonoscopy screening on risks of colorectal cancer and related death. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:1547-56. 36214590.
944. In adults with active dermatomyositis, IV immune globulin improved treatment response at 16 wk vs. placebo.
Aggarwal R, Charles-Schoeman C, Schessl J, et al. Trial of intravenous immune globulin in dermatomyositis. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:1264-78. 36198179.
945. In complicated UTI or pyelonephritis, cefepime-enmetazobactam increased success vs. piperacillin-tazobactam at 14 d.
Kaye KS, Belley A, Barth P, et al. Effect of cefepime/enmetazobactam vs piperacillin/tazobactam on clinical cure and microbiological eradication in patients with complicated urinary tract infection or acute pyelonephritis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2022;328:1304-14. 36194218.
946. In adults, sigmoidoscopy screening invitation reduced CRC incidence and related mortality at 15 y.
Juul FE, Cross AJ, Schoen RE, et al. 15-year benefits of sigmoidoscopy screening on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality: a pooled analysis of randomized trials. Ann Intern Med. 2022;175:1525-33. 36215714.
947. In hypertension, evening vs. morning dosing of antihypertensive drugs did not differ for major CV outcomes at 5.2 y.
Mackenzie IS, Rogers A, Poulter NR, et al. Cardiovascular outcomes in adults with hypertension with evening versus morning dosing of usual antihypertensives in the UK (TIME study): a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint clinical trial. Lancet. 2022;400:1417-25. 36240838.
948. In adults aged ≥65 y with head injuries, use of warfarin, but not DOACs, was associated with delayed ICH.
Liu S, McLeod SL, Atzema CL, et al. Delayed intracranial hemorrhage after head injury among elderly patients on anticoagulation seen in the emergency department. CJEM. 2022;24:853-61. 36242733.
949. In high-risk outpatients with COVID-19, neither colchicine nor aspirin reduced disease progression or death at 45 d.
Eikelboom JW, Jolly SS, Belley-Cote EP, et al. Colchicine and aspirin in community patients with COVID-19 (ACT): an open-label, factorial, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2022;10:1160-8. 36228639.
950. In nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a diet of freshwater fish vs. freshwater fish plus red meat reduced liver fat.
He K, Guo LL, Tang H, et al. A freshwater fish-based diet alleviates liver steatosis by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites: a clinical randomized controlled trial in Chinese participants with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022;117:1621-3135973188.
951. In basilar-artery occlusion stroke, thrombectomy improved functional outcome at 90 d but increased ICH.
Tao C, Nogueira RG, Zhu Y, et al. Trial of endovascular treatment of acute basilar-artery occlusion. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:1361-72. 36239644.
952. Vitamin D and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes in People With Prediabetes : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data From 3 Randomized Clinical Trials.
作者: Anastassios G Pittas.;Tetsuya Kawahara.;Rolf Jorde.;Bess Dawson-Hughes.;Ellen M Vickery.;Edith Angellotti.;Jason Nelson.;Thomas A Trikalinos.;Ethan M Balk.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷3期355-363页
The role of vitamin D in people who are at risk for type 2 diabetes remains unclear.
953. Risk Model-Based Lung Cancer Screening : A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
作者: Iakovos Toumazis.;Pianpian Cao.;Koen de Nijs.;Mehrad Bastani.;Vidit Munshi.;Mehdi Hemmati.;Kevin Ten Haaf.;Jihyoun Jeon.;Martin Tammemägi.;G Scott Gazelle.;Eric J Feuer.;Chung Yin Kong.;Rafael Meza.;Harry J de Koning.;Sylvia K Plevritis.;Summer S Han.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷3期320-332页
In their 2021 lung cancer screening recommendation update, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) evaluated strategies that select people based on their personal lung cancer risk (risk model-based strategies), highlighting the need for further research on the benefits and harms of risk model-based screening.
954. Ending Medical Complicity With Skilled-Nursing Facility Discrimination Against People With Opioid Use Disorder.
作者: Shawn M Cohen.;Rebekah Joab.;Kathryn M Bolles.;Sally Friedman.;Simeon D Kimmel.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷3期410-412页
It is illegal for skilled nursing facilities to refuse admission due to use of medications for opioid use disorder under the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. This Ideas and Opinions paper describes 6 steps that health care workers can take against such discrimination.
955. Planning for Mpox on a College Campus: A Model-Based Decision-Support Tool.
作者: Alexandra Savinkina.;Melanie Chitwood.;Jiye Kwon.;Virginia E Pitzer.;Gregg Gonsalves.;A David Paltiel.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷3期340-347页
In spring and summer 2022, an outbreak of mpox occurred worldwide, largely confined to men who have sex with men (MSM). There was concern that mpox could break swiftly into congregate settings and populations with high levels of regular frequent physical contact, like university campus communities.
956. Implantable Defibrillator System Shock Function, Mortality, and Cause of Death After Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
作者: Joshua Ra.;Matt T Oberdier.;Masahito Suzuki.;Dhananjay Vaidya.;Yisi Liu.;Rozann Hansford.;Diana McVeigh.;Valeria Weltin.;Susumu Tao.;David R Thiemann.;Saman Nazarian.;Henry R Halperin.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷3期289-297页
Studies have shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) does not have clinically important effects on the device parameters of non-MRI-conditional implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). However, data on non-MRI-conditional ICD detection and treatment of arrhythmias after MRI are limited.
957. Nonpharmacologic and Pharmacologic Treatments of Adults in the Acute Phase of Major Depressive Disorder: A Living Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians.
作者: Amir Qaseem.;Douglas K Owens.;Itziar Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta.;Janice Tufte.;J Thomas Cross.;Timothy J Wilt.; .;Carolyn J Crandall.;Ethan Balk.;Thomas G Cooney.;Nick Fitterman.;Lauri A Hicks.;Jennifer S Lin.;Michael Maroto.;Adam J Obley.;Jeffrey A Tice.;Jennifer Yost.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷2期239-252页
The purpose of this guideline from the American College of Physicians (ACP) is to present updated clinical recommendations on nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions as initial and second-line treatments during the acute phase of a major depressive disorder (MDD) episode, based on the best available evidence on the comparative benefits and harms, consideration of patient values and preferences, and cost.
958. Nonpharmacologic and Pharmacologic Treatments of Adult Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis for a Clinical Guideline by the American College of Physicians.
作者: Gerald Gartlehner.;Andreea Dobrescu.;Andrea Chapman.;Ana Toromanova.;Robert Emprechtinger.;Emma Persad.;Lisa Affengruber.;Christoph Pieh.;Irma Klerings.;Gernot Wagner.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷2期196-211页
Primary care patients and clinicians may prefer alternative options to second-generation antidepressants for major depressive disorder (MDD).
959. Values and Preferences of Patients With Depressive Disorders Regarding Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments : A Rapid Review.
作者: Lisa Affengruber.;Gernot Wagner.;Andreea Dobrescu.;Ana Toromanova.;Andrea Chapman.;Emma Persad.;Irma Klerings.;Gerald Gartlehner.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷2期217-223页
Developers of clinical practice guidelines need to take patient values and preferences into consideration when weighing benefits and harms of treatment options for depressive disorder.
960. High- Versus Low-Dose Exercise Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis : A Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial.
作者: Tom Arild Torstensen.;Håvard Østerås.;Riccardo LoMartire.;Georg Mørtvedt Rugelbak.;Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas Grooten.;Björn Olov Äng.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2023年176卷2期154-165页
The benefits of exercise in patients with knee osteoarthritis are well documented, but the optimal exercise dose remains unknown.
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