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9101. Duodenal acidification and secretin, but not intraduodenal fat, inhibit human gastric acid secretion via prostaglandins.
Acid and fat in the duodenum inhibit gastric acid secretion and increase plasma secretin. The role of prostaglandins and secretin in the inhibition of gastric acid secretion by duodenal infusion of hydrochloric acid and fat in healthy human volunteers was studied.
9102. The level of the zymogen granule protein GP2 is elevated in a rat model for acute pancreatitis.
GP2 is the major membrane protein in pancreatic zymogen granules. It is linked to the membrane via a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol linkage. After cleavage, a significant fraction of GP2 becomes soluble. The present study assessed whether GP2 is a useful serum marker for acute pancreatitis.
9103. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies on human brain myo-inositol in hypo-osmolarity and hepatic encephalopathy.
作者: D Häussinger.;J Laubenberger.;S vom Dahl.;T Ernst.;S Bayer.;M Langer.;W Gerok.;J Hennig.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1994年107卷5期1475-80页
Recent in vivo studies using proton magnetic resonance (1H-MR) spectroscopy showed low levels of myo-inositol in the brain in hepatic encephalopathy; the pathogenetic relevance of this observation is unclear.
9104. Up-regulation of cyclooxygenase 2 gene expression in human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas.
作者: C E Eberhart.;R J Coffey.;A Radhika.;F M Giardiello.;S Ferrenbach.;R N DuBois.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1994年107卷4期1183-8页
Several clinical, epidemiological, and animal studies indicate that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may alter the incidence of colorectal cancer. A likely target for NSAIDs is cyclooxygenase, a key enzyme in arachidonic acid metabolism. Two isoforms of this enzyme have been identified; cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and COX-2. The present study was undertaken to determine if there is differential expression of these isoforms in colorectal neoplasia, and, if so, at what stage in malignant transformation this occurs.
9105. Stimulation of in vivo pancreatic growth in the rat is mediated specifically by way of cholecystokinin-A receptors.
作者: S P Povoski.;W Zhou.;D S Longnecker.;R T Jensen.;S A Mantey.;R H Bell.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1994年107卷4期1135-46页
Cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin stimulate growth of rodent pancreas in vivo. However, it remains unclear whether these growth effects are mediated specifically by CCK-A receptors, CCK-B receptors, or both. To clarify this issue, the present study examined the effect of highly selective and biologically active CCK agonists on pancreatic growth.
9106. Molecular genetic profiles of colitis-associated neoplasms.
作者: S E Kern.;M Redston.;A B Seymour.;C Caldas.;S M Powell.;S Kornacki.;K W Kinzler.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1994年107卷2期420-8页
A major long-term risk for patients with chronic idiopathic colitis is the development of colorectal dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. The presence or absence of specific genetic changes in these lesions will provide important insights into the relationship of colitis-associated dysplasia and the development of carcinoma.
9107. Risk factors for colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis: a case-control study.
The risk of colorectal cancer increases in patients with ulcerative colitis, most markedly among young patients and/or those with extensive disease at onset. However, it is unknown whether individual risk can be predicted more precisely and whether cancer risk can be reduced by long-term treatment with sulfasalazine.
9110. Localization of bicarbonate transport along the crypt-villus axis in rabbit ileum.
HCO3- can be absorbed as well as secreted in the rabbit ileum. With 25 mmol/L HCO3- on the serosal side only, a serosa-to-mucosa flux (Jsm) is found; with 25 mmol/L on the mucosal side only, epinephrine elicits a mucosa-to-serosa flux (Jms). This study aimed to localize these two processes along the crypt-villus axis.
9111. Phenotypic variability of familial adenomatous polyposis in 11 unrelated families with identical APC gene mutation.
作者: F M Giardiello.;A J Krush.;G M Petersen.;S V Booker.;M Kerr.;L L Tong.;S R Hamilton.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1994年106卷6期1542-7页
Familial adenomatous polyposis is caused by germline mutation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. Affected individuals develop hundreds of colorectal adenomas at young age and can have extracolonic lesions.
9112. Selective induction of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein isoforms occurs during rat liver development.
Recent evidence suggests that CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) transcription factors may regulate hepatocyte terminal differentiation.
9114. Cellular and subcellular calcium signaling in gastrointestinal epithelium.
Ca2+ is a critical second messenger in virtually all cell types, including the various epithelial cell types within the digestive system. When measured in cell populations, Ca2+ signals usually appear as a single transient or prolonged elevation. In individual epithelial cells, signaling patterns often vary from cell to cell and may contain more complex features such as Ca2+ oscillations. Subcellular Ca2+ signals show a further level of complexity, such as Ca2+ waves, and may relate to the polarized structure and function of epithelial cells. The approaches to detect cytosolic Ca2+ signals, the patterns and mechanisms of Ca2+ signaling, and the role of such signals in regulating the function of polarized epithelium within the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and liver are reviewed in this report.
9115. Omeprazole versus H2-receptor antagonists in treating patients with peptic stricture and esophagitis.
作者: R D Marks.;J E Richter.;J Rizzo.;R E Koehler.;J G Spenney.;T P Mills.;G Champion.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1994年106卷4期907-15页
Although dysphagia in patients with peptic stricture is attributed to a decreased luminal diameter, coexistent esophagitis may be an equally important cause. The goals of this study were to determine whether medical healing of esophagitis in patients with stricture improves dysphagia and decreases dilatation need and to compare the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of omeprazole versus H2-receptor antagonists (H2RA).
9116. Rectal epithelial expression of protein kinase A phosphorylation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.
作者: M C Rao.;G B Bissonnette.;T Mahaffey.;W B Guggino.;J L Goldstein.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1994年106卷4期890-8页
Human rectal epithelium in cystic fibrosis (CF) shows impaired ion transport in response to theophylline or bethanechol, although it possesses regulatory subunits of adenosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A). Protein kinase A-specific phosphorylation of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in rectal tissues of control and CF volunteers was examined in this study.
9118. Successful intestinal transplantation for microvillus inclusion disease.
作者: M M Oliva.;J A Perman.;J M Saavedra.;J Young-Ramsaran.;K B Schwarz.
来源: Gastroenterology. 1994年106卷3期771-4页
Microvillus inclusion disease is a rare congenital disorder that presents with severe diarrhea in the newborn period. Multiple therapeutic attempts to control the diarrhea have failed, leading to a chronic dependence on parenteral nutrition and a high infant mortality. This report presents the first child with microvillus inclusion disease in whom small bowel transplantation has been successful, allowing for the administration of total caloric requirements via the enteral route.
9119. Aberrant binding of lamina propria lymphocytes to vascular endothelium in inflammatory bowel diseases.
Lymphocyte recirculation between the blood and lymphoid tissues as well as lymphocyte migration into inflammatory sites are controlled by lymphocyte interaction with vascular endothelium. The aim of this study was to compare the endothelial binding mechanisms of lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) isolated from normal and inflamed bowel.
9120. Identification of a 130-kilodalton human biliary concanavalin A binding protein as aminopeptidase N.
Human gallbladder bile contains a group of nonmucin glycoproteins that binds to the lectin concanavalin A (con A) and has been reported to promote cholesterol monohydrate crystal nucleation, an event preceding the formation of gallstones. Several of these proteins, including a 130-kilodalton protein, have been isolated and shown to promote nucleation in vitro. The aim of this study was to identify this and other major biliary con A binding glycoproteins.
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