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841. Using quality of life to predict hospitalization and mortality in patients with obstructive lung diseases.
作者: Vincent S Fan.;J Randall Curtis.;Shin-Ping Tu.;Mary B McDonell.;Stephan D Fihn.; .
来源: Chest. 2002年122卷2期429-36页
Condition-specific measures of quality of life (QOL) for patients with COPD have been demonstrated to be highly reliable and valid, but they have not conclusively been shown to predict hospitalization or death.
842. Stopping smoking: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing nortriptyline to placebo.
作者: Célia Lidia da Costa.;Riad Naim Younes.;Maria Teresa Cruz Lourenço.
来源: Chest. 2002年122卷2期403-8页
The administration of antidepressant drugs was shown to positively affect the rate of smoking cessation. This study evaluates the efficacy of nortriptyline in an antismoking program.
844. Bronchial responsiveness to eucapnic hyperventilation and methacholine following exposure to organic dust.
Inhalation of dust in a swine confinement building causes an intense airway inflammatory reaction in the airways and increased bronchial responsiveness to methacholine. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether exposure to organic dust also influences bronchial responsiveness to an indirect stimulus, and to assess the duration of increased postexposure bronchial responsiveness.
845. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor in patients with COPD.
Patients with COPD classically have neutrophilic bronchial inflammation and raised airway concentrations of the neutrophil chemoattractant leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)). A small phase II trial was conducted to assess the effects of a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor on bronchial inflammation in patients with stable COPD.
846. Influence of gender and inspiratory muscle training on the perception of dyspnea in patients with asthma.
作者: Paltiel Weiner.;Rasmi Magadle.;Fareed Massarwa.;Marinella Beckerman.;Noah Berar-Yanay.
来源: Chest. 2002年122卷1期197-201页
Men and women respond differently to asthma.
847. Effects of adding either a leukotriene receptor antagonist or low-dose theophylline to a low or medium dose of inhaled corticosteroid in patients with persistent asthma.
作者: Owen J Dempsey.;Stephen J Fowler.;Andrew Wilson.;Gwen Kennedy.;Brian J Lipworth.
来源: Chest. 2002年122卷1期151-9页
To evaluate the effect of adding zafirlukast or low-dose theophylline to a beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) extra-fine hydrofluoroalkane aerosol on bronchial hyperresponsiveness as the primary outcome variable.
848. Biochemical efficacy and safety of a new pooled human plasma alpha(1)-antitrypsin, Respitin.
作者: James K Stoller.;Farshid Rouhani.;Mark Brantly.;Seta Shahin.;Raed A Dweik.;James M Stocks.;Jack Clausen.;Edward Campbell.;Frank Norton.
来源: Chest. 2002年122卷1期66-74页
Augmentation therapy with pooled human plasma-derived alpha(1)-antitrypsin (AAT) has been shown to have biochemical efficacy in restoring serum AAT levels above the protective threshold. Also, clinical efficacy has been suggested.
849. The short-term effect of a rollator on functional exercise capacity among individuals with severe COPD.
This study was conducted to examine the short-term effects of using a rollator on functional exercise capacity among individuals with COPD and to characterize which individuals benefit most from its use.
850. A 6-month, placebo-controlled study comparing lung function and health status changes in COPD patients treated with tiotropium or salmeterol.
作者: James F Donohue.;Jan A van Noord.;Eric D Bateman.;Stephen J Langley.;Angela Lee.;Theodore J Witek.;Steven Kesten.;Lesley Towse.
来源: Chest. 2002年122卷1期47-55页
Tiotropium, a once-daily anticholinergic, and salmeterol represent two inhaled, long-acting bronchodilators from different pharmacologic classes. A trial was designed to examine the efficacy and safety of both compounds with multiple outcome measures, including lung function, dyspnea, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with COPD.
851. Clinically important improvements in asthma-specific quality of life, but no difference in conventional clinical indexes in patients changed from conventional beclomethasone dipropionate to approximately half the dose of extrafine beclomethasone dipropionate.
作者: Elizabeth F Juniper.;David B Price.;Patti A Stampone.;Jacques P H M Creemers.;Stijn J M Mol.;Philip Fireman.
来源: Chest. 2002年121卷6期1824-32页
Clinical trials of asthma treatments usually use measures of asthma control to assess efficacy. However, it is also important to determine whether patients themselves benefit from interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate health-related quality of life in patients with asthma switched from conventional chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) to hydrofluroalkane-134a (HFA) BDP extrafine aerosol at half the daily dose.
852. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae in asthma: effect of clarithromycin.
To determine the effect of clarithromycin therapy in patients with asthma.
853. The effect of noninvasive intermittent positive-pressure ventilation during exercise in severe scoliosis.
Noninvasive intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) may improve exercise performance in COPD patients. It is not known whether this also applies to other patient groups such as those with restrictive respiratory diseases.
854. Alterations in airway inflammation and lung function during corticosteroid therapy for atopic asthma.
作者: John L Faul.;Elizabeth A Demers.;Conor M Burke.;Leonard W Poulter.
来源: Chest. 2002年121卷5期1414-20页
Although corticosteroid therapy for asthma improves lung function and reduces airway inflammation, the relation between these two events is unclear. This article investigates associations between changes in bronchial inflammation and lung function during high-dose inhaled corticosteroid therapy for asthma.
855. Comparison of the effects of salmeterol and formoterol in patients with severe asthma.
Several studies have demonstrated the superiority of salmeterol and formoterol to either regular treatment with albuterol or placebo. However, to date there have been no trials comparing the efficacy of salmeterol and formoterol in patients with severe asthma.
856. Short-term acupuncture therapy is of no benefit in patients with moderate persistent asthma.
作者: Michael Y Shapira.;Neville Berkman.;Gila Ben-David.;Avraham Avital.;Elat Bardach.;Raphael Breuer.
来源: Chest. 2002年121卷5期1396-400页
Acupuncture traditionally has been used to treat asthma. Nevertheless, only a few controlled studies have been performed to determine the efficacy of this treatment. Our study aimed to determine the efficacy of acupuncture in patients with moderate persistent asthma.
858. Ethical assessment of industry-sponsored clinical trials: a case analysis.
The rapid growth of clinical trials sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry and conducted by community physicians raises concerns about the scientific quality of this research and the adequacy of protections for research participants. In this article, we present an in-depth ethical analysis of a recent industry-sponsored placebo-controlled study for treatment of asthma. The ethical analysis uses a proposed ethical framework for evaluating clinical research focusing on seven ethical requirements: (1) scientific value, (2) scientific validity, (3) fair subject selection, (4) favorable risk/benefit ratio, (5) independent review, (6) informed consent, and (7) respect for enrolled subjects.
859. Regional ischemic preconditioning enhances myocardial performance in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
作者: Jari Laurikka.;Zhong-Kai Wu.;Pekka Iisalo.;Liisa Kaukinen.;Eva L Honkonen.;Seppo Kaukinen.;Matti R Tarkka.
来源: Chest. 2002年121卷4期1183-9页
We intended to investigate whether ischemic preconditioning (IP) enhances myocardial performance in patients who undergo off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
860. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation vs. conventional oxygen supplementation in hypoxemic patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy.
作者: Massimo Antonelli.;Giorgio Conti.;Monica Rocco.;Andrea Arcangeli.;Franco Cavaliere.;Rodolfo Proietti.;Gianfranco Umberto Meduri.
来源: Chest. 2002年121卷4期1149-54页
We have reported previously on the use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) to assist spontaneous breathing in high-risk hypoxemic patients (i.e., PaO(2)/fraction of inspired oxygen [FIO(2)] ratio, < or = 100) who are undergoing diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB). The efficacy of this intervention in patients with less severe forms of hypoxemia (i.e., PaO(2)/FIO(2) ratio, < 200) is unknown.
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