Stone GW, Abraham WT, Lindenfeld J, et al; COAPT Investigators. Five-year follow-up after transcatheter repair of secondary mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2023;388:2037-2048. 36876756.

Sandborn WJ, Vermeire S, Peyrin-Biroulet L, et al. Etrasimod as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis (ELEVATE): two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies. Lancet. 2023;401:1159-1171. 36871574.

Diletti R, den Dekker WK, Bennett J, et al; BIOVASC Investigators. Immediate versus staged complete revascularisation in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and multivessel coronary disease (BIOVASC): a prospective, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised trial. Lancet. 2023;401:1172-1182. 36889333.

Huss V, Bower H, Hellgren K, et al; ARTIS group. Cancer risks with JAKi and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis: a national real-world cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2023;82:911-919. 36868796.

Karam G, Agarwal A, Sadeghirad B, et al. Comparison of seven popular structured dietary programmes and risk of mortality and major cardiovascular events in patients at increased cardiovascular risk: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2023;380:e072003. 36990505.

Intramuscular cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV) is the only long-acting antiretroviral therapy (LA-ART) regimen approved for people with HIV (PWH). Long-acting ART holds promise for improving outcomes among populations with barriers to adherence but is only approved for PWH who have virologic suppression with use of oral ART before initiating injectables.

Nissen SE, Lincoff MA, Brennan D, et al; CLEAR Outcomes Investigators. Bempedoic acid and cardiovascular outcomes in statin-intolerant patients. N Engl J Med. 2023;388:1353-1364. 36876740.

Kazda CM, Bue-Valleskey JM, Chien J, et al. Novel once-weekly basal insulin Fc achieved similar glycemic control with a safety profile comparable to insulin degludec in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2023;46:1052-1059. 36920867.

Olthuis SGH, Pirson FAV, Pinckaers FME, et al; MR CLEAN-LATE investigators. Endovascular treatment versus no endovascular treatment after 6-24 h in patients with ischaemic stroke and collateral flow on CT angiography (MR CLEAN-LATE) in the Netherlands: a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2023;401:1371-1380. 37003289.

Hong SJ, Lee YJ, Lee SJ, et al; LODESTAR Investigators. Treat-to-target or high-intensity statin in patients with coronary artery disease: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2023;329:1078-1087. 36877807.

State medical cannabis laws may lead patients with chronic noncancer pain to substitute cannabis in place of prescription opioid or clinical guideline-concordant nonopioid prescription pain medications or procedures.

The performance of rapid antigen tests (Ag-RDTs) for screening asymptomatic and symptomatic persons for SARS-CoV-2 is not well established.

Time-restricted eating (TRE), without calorie counting, has become a popular weight loss strategy, yet long-term randomized trials evaluating its efficacy are limited.

Clinical practice guidelines recommend indefinite anticoagulation for a first unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE).

An effective and safe treatment for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is lacking.

Daily low-dose aspirin increases major bleeding; however, few studies have investigated its effect on iron deficiency and anemia.

Dengue virus is a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and is an important cause of illness worldwide. Data on the severity of travel-associated dengue illness are limited.

Acute diverticulitis, which refers to inflammation or infection, or both, of a colonic diverticulum, is a common medical condition that may occur repeatedly in some persons. It most often manifests with left-sided abdominal pain, which may be associated with low-grade fever and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Complications may include abscess, fistula formation, perforation, and bowel obstruction. The American College of Physicians recently published practice guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute diverticulitis, the role of colonoscopy after resolution, and interventions to prevent recurrence of this condition. Among the recommendations were the use of abdominal computed tomography (CT) scanning in cases where there was diagnostic uncertainty, initial management of uncomplicated cases in the outpatient setting without antibiotics, referral for colonoscopy after an initial episode if not performed recently, and discussion of elective surgery to prevent recurrent disease in patients with complicated diverticulitis or frequent episodes of uncomplicated disease. Here, 2 gastroenterologists with expertise in acute diverticulitis debate CT scanning for diagnosis, antibiotics for treatment, colonoscopy to screen for underlying malignancy, and elective surgery to prevent recurrent disease.

Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for coronary artery disease and stroke. All persons with dyslipidemia should be advised to focus on lifestyle interventions, including regular aerobic exercise, a healthy diet, maintenance of a healthy weight, and abstinence from smoking. In addition to lifestyle interventions, lipid-lowering therapy should be considered for persons at moderate to high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease based on validated risk equations. Statin therapy is the first-line medical treatment for dyslipidemia due to its effectiveness and favorable adverse effect profile, but newer treatments provide additional tools for clinicians to effectively treat dyslipidemia.

Falsey AR, Williams K, Gymnopoulou E, et al; CYPRESS Investigators. Efficacy and safety of an Ad26.RSV.preF-RSV preF protein vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med. 2023;388:609-620. 36791161.