The use of hot biopsy forceps (with electrocautery) is no longer routinely recommended given increased complications compared to cold biopsy forceps (without electrocautery). It is unknown how often the technique is currently used in the United States (U.S.) or how its usage has changed over time.

Arterial gastrointestinal bleeding poses a serious threat to life that requires timely and effective intervention. This study evaluated the effectiveness of three different embolization strategies: the use of gelatin sponge alone, in combination with microcoils, and in combination with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA).

Relative fat mass (RFM) is a novel, easily calculated, and cost-effective index of fat content and distribution in the body, associated with the odds of developing various obesity-related diseases. However, its association with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and severe hepatic steatosis (SHS) is underexplored. This study aims to examine the relationship between RFM and the odds of having MASLD or SHS in the general adult population.

To identify clinical and viral indicators for the development of a new model to accurately differentiate the stages of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection based on histopathological changes in the liver.

Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) often presents with subtle early symptoms and delayed diagnosis, frequently resulting in liver metastasis and a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the primary risk factors influencing postoperative liver metastasis in AEG and to develop a simple predictive model to facilitate clinical risk stratification and individualized follow-up strategies.

Several studies revealed that synbiotics have been beneficial in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the findings are conflicting. We aimed to assess the effect of synbiotic supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with NAFLD.

Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is characterized by immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation, which lead to high mortality. Although immunosuppressive CD45+ erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs) percentages are elevated in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and are associated with disease progression, their role in HBV-ACLF remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of CD45+ EPCs on disease progression in patients with HBV-ACLF.

The aim of this study was to explore the accuracy of the diagnosis of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) through tegoprazan treatment trials, and to analyze factors that may influence test accuracy.

Hepatitis B virus-associated decompensated cirrhosis (HBV-DC) is recognized as a critical illness with an increased risk of short-term mortality. Neutrophil-derived ratios, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil-to-albumin ratio, neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio, neutrophil-to-hemoglobin ratio, and neutrophil-to-platelet ratio, have emerged as potential prognostic markers in various liver diseases. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of these neutrophil-derived ratios for prediction of mortality in patients with HBV-DC.

Due to the common developmental origination and influences by similar unhealthy lifestyle, upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) diseases may be closely associated. However, the evidence remains elusive. This study aims to determine the prevalence of GI endoscopic lesions and the correlations between endoscopic lesions in individuals undergoing gastroscopy and colonoscopy simultaneously.

In hepatology, pattern recognition in laboratory data and clinical characteristics is the hallmark of clinical care. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, like machine or deep learning and large language models, provide interesting mechanisms for facilitating care advancement. The complexity and diversity of data, as well as genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, all contribute to individualized recommendations intuitively made by clinicians for patients with liver disease. AI tools provide the opportunity to train on high-volume data and simulate the clinician's subconscious thought processes in decision making. With tremendous growth in hepatology-focused AI, critical efforts are needed to consider multicenter efforts and enabling collection of clean data that are as free as possible of bias. Prospective evaluation of AI tools seamlessly integrated into workflows, especially through clinical trials, as well as patient partner and clinical stakeholder engagement, will be key to building trust in the individualized predictions provided. This review delves into the AI literature in hepatology for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications.

One major barrier to the goals of hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination is identification and linkage-to-care for those with HCV infection. The aim of this research was to develop a strategy to help achieve HCV elimination in remote rural villages.

Fatty liver disease (FLD), characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation, impairs quality of life and can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, imposing a healthcare burden. This study investigates the association between the aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) and FLD prevalence, evaluating AISI's potential as an early biomarker for risk assessment.

To perform correlation analyses between the ultrasonographic characteristics of porta hepatis lymph nodes (PHLNs) and the pathological features of PHLNs and the liver in biliary atresia (BA).

Prolonged postoperative ileus is linked to a higher risk of additional complications, longer hospital stays, and higher healthcare expenses. There are few randomized controlled trials on the impact of chewing gum on the duration of ileus in patients undergoing emergency surgery, notably those with peritonitis. Compelling evidence from studies on elective procedures demonstrates that chewing gum can lessen the duration of ileus. This trial aimed to examine the effect of chewing gum on the length of the postoperative ileus which develop after laparotomy for gastroduodenal perforations.

Rectal resection could potentially cause low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). Although recent studies have reported the efficacy of enema against LARS, no systematic review and meta-analysis has been conducted.