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661. Regular vs ad-lib albuterol for patients hospitalized with acute asthma.
作者: Alpana Chandra.;Chang Shim.;Hillel W Cohen.;Virginia Chung.;Diane Maggiore.;Kartik Mani.;Sunil Dhuper.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷3期1115-20页
Inhaled, short-acting beta-agonists and systemic corticosteroids form the mainstay of therapy in acute asthma exacerbation. Asthma, however, is an inflammatory disease of the airways, and its underlying pathology is not impacted by short-acting beta-agonists. While the efficacy of ad-lib beta-agonist administration in outpatient management of asthma symptoms is well established, little data exist to support this strategy in patients with acute, severe asthma. We postulate that as long as patients hospitalized with severe asthma exacerbation receive systemic corticosteroids, regular, scheduled administration of short-acting beta-agonists is unnecessary. Similar therapeutic outcomes can be achieved with the ad-lib administration of the short-acting beta-agonists.
662. Ciclesonide, a novel inhaled steroid, does not affect hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in patients with moderate-to-severe persistent asthma.
作者: Stanley Szefler.;Shashank Rohatagi.;James Williams.;Mark Lloyd.;Sudeep Kundu.;Donald Banerji.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷3期1104-14页
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) reduce local airway inflammation, which is an underlying cause of asthma symptoms. However, potential systemic side effects associated with ICS use are a major concern for asthmatic patients.
663. Etanercept for refractory ocular sarcoidosis: results of a double-blind randomized trial.
作者: Robert P Baughman.;Elyse E Lower.;Deborah A Bradley.;Lawrence A Raymond.;Adam Kaufman.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷2期1062-47页
Study a tumor necrosis factor receptor antagonist (etanercept) in the treatment of chronic ocular sarcoidosis.
664. Prefixed equimolar nitrous oxide and oxygen mixture reduces discomfort during flexible bronchoscopy in adult patients: a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial.
作者: Kinan Atassi.;Gilles Mangiapan.;Claire Fuhrman.;Stéphane Lasry.;Peter Onody.;Bruno Housset.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷2期863-8页
Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is an invasive procedure associated with patient discomfort and frequent nose pain. A simple sedation procedure that does not require the intervention of an anesthetist is of interest. The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to assess efficiency of nitrous oxide inhalation on the reduction of FB-induced discomfort in adult patients.
665. Cardioprotective effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.
作者: Marc Licker.;Christoph Ellenberger.;Jorge Sierra.;Afksendiyos Kalangos.;John Diaper.;Denis Morel.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷2期838-47页
We hypothesized that lowering blood viscosity with acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) would confer additional cardioprotection in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) with aortic cross-clamping.
666. Nasal-continuous positive airway pressure reduces pulmonary morbidity and length of hospital stay following thoracoabdominal aortic surgery.
作者: Detlef Kindgen-Milles.;Eckhard Müller.;Rolf Buhl.;Hinrich Böhner.;Dennis Ritter.;Wilhelm Sandmann.;Jörg Tarnow.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷2期821-8页
Patients who undergo surgical repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms have a high risk for the development of respiratory complications, which cause significant postoperative morbidity and prolong hospitalization, compared to patients who undergo other types of surgery. We studied whether prophylactic noninvasive application of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) administered via a facemask immediately after extubation may reduce pulmonary morbidity and shorten the length of hospitalization.
667. Effects of lipo-prostaglandin E1 on pulmonary hemodynamics and clinical outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
To determine whether lipid microspheres containing prostaglandin E1 (lipo-PGE1) improve pulmonary hemodynamics and clinical outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).
668. Prospective randomized trial of silver nitrate vs talc slurry in pleurodesis for symptomatic malignant pleural effusions.
作者: Marcello da Silveira Paschoalini.;Francisco S Vargas.;Evaldo Marchi.;José Rodrigues Pereira.;Fabio B Jatene.;Leila Antonangelo.;Richard W Light.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷2期684-9页
To compare the efficacy and the safety of talc slurry and silver nitrate (SN) in the treatment of symptomatic malignant pleural effusions.
669. The effectiveness of different combinations of pulmonary rehabilitation program components: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Anna Migliore Norweg.;Jonathan Whiteson.;Robert Malgady.;Ana Mola.;Mariano Rey.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷2期663-72页
To study the short-term and long-term effects of combining activity training or lectures to exercise training on quality of life, functional status, and exercise tolerance.
670. Penetration of gentamicin into the alveolar lining fluid of critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.
作者: Dimitris Panidis.;Sophia L Markantonis.;Eleni Boutzouka.;Stylianos Karatzas.;George Baltopoulos.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷2期545-52页
To estimate the penetration of gentamicin into lung tissue by measuring its concentrations in alveolar lining fluid (ALF) and blood in critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
671. Trial of a disease management program to reduce hospital readmissions of the chronically critically ill.
作者: Barbara J Daly.;Sara L Douglas.;Carol Genet Kelley.;Elizabeth O'toole.;Hugo Montenegro.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷2期507-17页
Patients requiring prolonged periods of intensive care and mechanical ventilation are termed chronically critically ill. They are prone to continued morbidity and mortality after hospital discharge and are at high risk for hospital readmission. Disease management (DM) programs have been shown to be effective in improving both coordination and efficiency of care after hospital discharge for populations with single-disease diagnoses, but have not been tested with patients with multiple-disease diagnoses, such as the chronically critically ill.
672. Sputum induction and bronchoscopy for assessment of ozone-induced airway inflammation in asthma.
作者: Mehrdad Arjomandi.;Isabelle Schmidlin.;Peter Girling.;Kevin Boylen.;Ron Ferrando.;John Balmes.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷1期416-23页
Neutrophilic airway inflammation, as defined by cell counts in respiratory tract lining fluid (RTLF), is a key end point in many studies of respiratory toxicity in both healthy and asthmatic subjects. BAL and sputum induction (SI) are the most common methods of sampling RTLF in such studies. However, the comparability of these methods (BAL and SI) after experimental treatment has not been investigated in a head-to-head controlled trial.
673. Endobronchial ultrasonography guidance for transbronchial needle aspiration using a double-channel bronchoscope.
作者: Koji Kanoh.;Teruomi Miyazawa.;Noriaki Kurimoto.;Yasuo Iwamoto.;Yuka Miyazu.;Nobuoki Kohno.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷1期388-93页
Endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) is used as guidance for transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), and real-time imaging of the needle position cannot be confirmed with a single-channel bronchoscope. We assessed the usefulness of EBUS-guided TBNA using a double-channel bronchoscope (EBUS-D), which provides real-time needle position, and compared it with EBUS-guided TBNA using a single-channel bronchoscope (EBUS-S).
674. Comparison of levofloxacin and cefotaxime combined with ofloxacin for ICU patients with community-acquired pneumonia who do not require vasopressors.
To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of levofloxacin (L) as monotherapy in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in comparison with therapy using a combination of cefotaxime (C) plus ofloxacin (O).
675. Effects of mometasone furoate dry powder inhaler and beclomethasone dipropionate hydrofluoroalkane and chlorofluorocarbon on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in asthmatic subjects.
作者: George P Chrousos.;Lisa Ghaly.;Arthur Shedden.;Domenic G Iezzoni.;Alan G Harris.
来源: Chest. 2005年128卷1期70-7页
Mometasone furoate dry powder inhaler (MF-DPI) [400 mug] is an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) that is effective in the treatment of asthma. MF-DPI has a low potential for suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis at its clinical dose. The effect of MF-DPI, 400 microg qd, on the HPA axis was compared to that of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) using hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) and chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) propellants via metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) twice daily.
676. A randomized controlled trial to assess the optimal dose and effect of nebulized albuterol in acute exacerbations of COPD.
Despite the widespread use of short-acting, inhaled beta(2)-agonists in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs), little is known about their optimal dose. The aims of this study are to compare the bronchodilator response to incremental doses of inhaled albuterol during and after recovery from an AECOPD, and to compare the effects of regular nebulized albuterol, 2.5 mg and 5 mg, on the speed of recovery.
677. Effect of granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy on leukocyte function and clearance of serious infection in nonneutropenic patients.
作者: Alan J Rosenbloom.;Peter K Linden.;Adrienne Dorrance.;Nicole Penkosky.;Mark H Cohen-Melamed.;Michael R Pinsky.
来源: Chest. 2005年127卷6期2139-50页
Impaired leukocyte function in patients with serious infections may increase mortality. Granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) broadly activates peripheral monocytes and neutrophils. We performed a clinical trial of GM-CSF in septic, hemodynamically stable patients to see whether GM-CSF treatment improved leukocyte function and mortality.
678. Treatment adherence and outcomes in flexible vs standard continuous positive airway pressure therapy.
作者: Mark S Aloia.;Michael Stanchina.;J Todd Arnedt.;Atul Malhotra.;Richard P Millman.
来源: Chest. 2005年127卷6期2085-93页
To compare adherence and clinical outcomes between flexible positive airway pressure (PAP) [C-Flex; Respironics; Murraysville, PA] and standard PAP therapy (ie, continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP]).
679. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on microalbuminuria and organ failure in acute severe sepsis: results of a pilot study.
作者: Herbert D Spapen.;Marc W Diltoer.;Duc N Nguyen.;Inne Hendrickx.;Luc P Huyghens.
来源: Chest. 2005年127卷4期1413-9页
The level of microalbuminuria is thought to reflect the severity of inflammation-induced systemic vascular permeability and may have prognostic value with regard to organ dysfunction and survival. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been shown to decrease capillary leakage in experimental sepsis. The present study investigated the effect of early treatment with NAC on microalbuminuria and organ dysfunction in severe clinical sepsis.
680. Safety and tolerability of nonbronchoscopic lavage in ARDS.
作者: Gavin D Perkins.;Somnath Chatterjee.;Simon Giles.;Danny F McAuley.;Sarah Quinton.;David R Thickett.;Fang Gao.
来源: Chest. 2005年127卷4期1358-63页
This study compared the safety profiles of bronchoscopic lavage with nonbronchoscopic lavage in the investigation of patients with acute lung injury (ALI) or ARDS.
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