We aim to evaluate whether increased lymph node yield at prostatectomy (RP) is associated with improved outcomes in NRG/RTOG 9601, a randomized clinical trial of men who underwent either radiation (RT) alone or RT + bicalutamide for PSA elevation following RP for pT2/T3 prostate cancer.

The primary analysis of this phase 3 trial combining talazoparib with enzalutamide demonstrated significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) versus enzalutamide plus placebo in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer unselected for homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene alterations. Overall survival data were immature at that time. Here we report the final prespecified overall survival analysis, an updated descriptive analysis of rPFS, and safety in the cohort unselected for HRR gene alterations.

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer remains incurable and is particularly aggressive in patients with alterations in DNA damage repair genes involved directly or indirectly in homologous recombination repair (HRR). In the primary analysis of TALAPRO-2, talazoparib plus enzalutamide significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) versus enzalutamide plus placebo in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer harbouring HRR gene alterations. At primary analysis, overall survival was immature. Here we report final prespecified overall survival analysis, updated rPFS, safety, and patient-reported outcomes in the HRR-deficient cohort of TALAPRO-2.

Colorectal cancer remains a significant global health burden, with low rectal tumors posing unique surgical challenges due to their proximity to the anal verge. Traditional abdominoperineal resection (APR) compromises quality of life with permanent colostomy, while sphincter-preserving techniques like laparoscopic intersphincteric resection (L-ISR) face technical limitations. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of a novel technique - ISR combined with rectal eversion and total extra-abdominal resection (ISRER) - aimed at reducing anastomotic complications, and enhancing anal preservation in anatomically challenging patients.

Dyspnea impacts most patients with advanced lung cancer. However, research on dyspnea has been limited by using unidimensional self-report measures despite its multidimensional nature (sensory-perceptual experience, affective distress, and functional impact), which requires a comprehensive evaluation. To identify distinct patient profiles of dyspnea presentation and evaluate differences in demographic, clinical characteristics, and patient-reported outcomes (i.e., functional impairment, quality of life, co-occurring symptoms, and self-efficacy).

In the primary (first interim) analysis of the DREAMM-7 trial (median follow-up 28·2 months), belantamab mafodotin, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (BVd) showed a statistically significant and clinically meaningful progression-free survival benefit versus daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (DVd) in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after at least one line of therapy. The aim of this study is to report overall survival from the second interim analysis, with extended follow-up.

Belantamab mafodotin, bortezomib, and dexamethasone showed significant progression-free survival benefit compared with daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in the phase 3 DREAMM-7 study. We aimed to evaluate the effect of belantamab mafodotin, bortezomib, and dexamethasone compared with daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using various patient-reported outcomes in patients who participated in DREAMM-7.

Only few information is available about the impact of concomitant medication (CM) and comorbidities on the outcome of cancer patients and the tolerability of chemotherapy.

This study compared the efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with docetaxel versus docetaxel alone in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), assessing overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and incidence of adverse events (AE). 128 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were randomly divided into ACD group (n=64) and DOC group (n=64). They were treated with ACD and Docetaxel alone, respectively. They received routine blood, urine, stool examination, fecal occult blood, blood biochemistry and tumor markers. The post-treatment CEA and VEGF levels in the ACD group were sharply lower to those in the DOC group (P<0.05). DCR in the ACD group was 79.7%, which was much higher in comparison to the 60.9% in the DOC group (P<0.05). The overall response rate (ORR) of ACD was 23.4%, slightly higher than the 17.2% of DOC. The incidence of hand-foot syndrome (HFS), hypertension, and hemoptysis in the ACD group was significantly higher than in the DOC group. Anlotinib combined with docetaxel for second-line treatment of advanced NSCLC enhanced the DCR, downregulated CEA and VEGF levels and prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) compared to docetaxel alone.

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has demonstrated benefit for patients with advanced melanoma refractory to first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, predictive biomarkers for TIL therapy response are limited. Preclinical studies suggest that emotional distress (ED) may impair antitumor immune responses. We conducted a post-hoc analysis of the phase III TIL trial (NCT02278887) to evaluate the association between pretreatment ED and TIL therapy outcomes.

For unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the optimal duration and regimen of consolidation immunotherapy following chemoradiation is unknown. Despite improved outcomes with 12 months of durvalumab, which has become the standard of care, new strategies to improve survival are needed. This study evaluates dual immunotherapy in the consolidation setting following concurrent chemoradiation as well as a shorter (6 months) treatment duration.

The PACIFIC trial established durvalumab as the standard-of-care therapy for unresectable, stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without progression following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT). Novel immunotherapy combinations involving the anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody oleclumab or the anti-NKG2A monoclonal antibody monalizumab have the potential to build on the durvalumab standard of care.

Surgical management of oral cancer poses significant challenges due to the proximity of critical nerves, like spinal accessory, which increases the risk of inadvertent damage or neuropraxia during surgery.

Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an antibody-drug conjugate composed of a Trop-2-directed antibody coupled to SN-38. SG is approved in multiple countries for pretreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) and hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) mBC. Three previously developed population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models for SG, free SN-38, and total antibody (tAB) in patients with mTNBC or other solid tumors were externally validated using data from 260 patients with HR+/HER2- mBC from TROPiCS-02 (NCT03901339). Pharmacokinetic parameters were re-estimated using data from 789 patients with HR+/HER2- mBC, mTNBC, or other solid tumors from three studies-TROPiCS-02, ASCENT (NCT02574455), and IMMU-132-01 (NCT01631552). Previously developed PopPK models adequately described the data from TROPiCS-02. Typical parameter estimates based on combined dataset for clearance and steady-state volume of distribution were 0.128 L/h and 3.58 L for SG and 0.0155 L/h and 4.29 L for tAB, respectively. The pharmacokinetics of the three analytes (SG, free SN-38, and tAB) in participants with HR+/HER2- mBC were consistent with those observed in mTNBC and other tumor types. The analyses confirmed mild-to-moderate renal impairment, mild hepatic impairment, age, tumor type (based on limited data in non-breast cancer tumor types), baseline albumin level, UGT1A1 genotype, or Trop-2 expression did not have a clinically relevant impact on the exposure of the three analytes across populations. These findings support that the SG dosing regimen of 10 mg/kg on Days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles is adequate for patients with HR+/HER2- mBC.

To compare the efficacy of enzalutamide + androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) versus darolutamide + ADT for treatment of patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) using a matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC).

BrECADD (brentuximab vedotin, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, dacarbazine, and dexamethasone) has shown higher efficacy and better acute tolerability than eBEACOPP (escalated doses of bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone) in newly diagnosed, advanced-stage classic Hodgkin lymphoma. In this secondary analysis of the HD21 trial, we aimed to compare gonadal function recovery and fertility outcomes between these two regimens.

Total breast reconstruction via autologous fat transfer (AFT) improves the quality of life compared to implant-based reconstruction (IBR). Hypotheses are that AFT may affect oncologic outcomes. As predetermined in the study protocol, we present the loco-regional recurrence data from the BREAST trial.

CheckMate 915 (NCT03068455) compared adjuvant nivolumab monotherapy versus combination nivolumab+ipilimumab in patients with resected stage III/IV melanoma. This exploratory analysis was performed to identify biomarkers that correlate with benefit from adjuvant immunotherapy.

Neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy as total neoadjuvant therapy increases the pathological complete response rate for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. The potential synergistic effects of combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy might benefit patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of short-course radiotherapy followed by capecitabine-oxaliplatin chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy as total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of avutometinib (rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase [MEK] clamp) alone or in combination with defactinib (focal adhesion kinase inhibitor) in patients with recurrent low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC).