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41. Changes in Respiratory Mechanics With Trunk Inclination Differs Between Patients With ARDS With and Without Obesity.
Studies investigating the effect of trunk inclination on respiratory mechanics in mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS have reported postural differences in partition respiratory mechanics. Compared with more upright positions, the supine-flat position provided lower lung and chest wall elastance, allowing reduced driving pressures and end-inspiratory transpulmonary pressure. However, the effect of trunk inclination on respiratory mechanics in patients with obesity and ARDS is uncertain.
42. Modification of Endotypic Traits in OSA by the Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Sulthiame.
作者: Erik Hoff.;Christian Strassberger.;Ding Zou.;Ludger Grote.;Kaj Stenlöf.;Jan Hedner.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷3期704-715页
The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor sulthiame reduces OSA severity, increases overnight oxygenation, and improves sleep quality. Insights into how sulthiame modulates OSA pathophysiologic features (endotypic traits) adds to our understanding of the breathing disorder itself, as well as the effects of carbonic anhydrases in respiratory regulation.
43. Oxygen Therapy in Patients With Intermediate-Risk Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Randomized Trial.
作者: Deisy Barrios.;Diego Durán.;Carmen Rodríguez.;Jorge Moisés.;Ana Retegui.;José Luis Lobo.;Raquel López.;Leyre Chasco.;Luis Jara-Palomares.;Alfonso Muriel.;Remedios Otero-Candelera.;Pedro Ruiz-Artacho.;Manuel Monreal.;Behnood Bikdeli.;David Jiménez.; .
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷3期673-681页
The effect of supplemental oxygen therapy in patients with intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) who do not have hypoxemia at baseline is uncertain.
44. Artificial Intelligence Improves Novices' Bronchoscopy Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a Simulated Setting.
作者: Kristoffer Mazanti Cold.;Sujun Xie.;Anne Orholm Nielsen.;Paul Frost Clementsen.;Lars Konge.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷2期405-413页
Navigating through the bronchial tree and visualizing all bronchial segments is the initial step toward learning flexible bronchoscopy. A novel bronchial segment identification system based on artificial intelligence (AI) has been developed to help guide trainees toward more effective training.
45. Comparative Effectiveness of First-Line and Alternative Antibiotic Regimens in Hospitalized Patients With Nonsevere Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.
作者: Anthony D Bai.;Siddhartha Srivastava.;Benjamin K C Wong.;Geneviève C Digby.;Fahad Razak.;Amol A Verma.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷1期68-78页
There are several antibiotic regimens to treat community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
47. Effect of Intraarrest Transport, Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, and Invasive Treatment: A Post Hoc Bayesian Reanalysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.48. Association Between Regular Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity Initiation Following COPD Diagnosis and Mortality: An Emulated Target Trial Using Nationwide Cohort Data.
作者: Taeyun Kim.;Hyunsoo Kim.;Sunga Kong.;Sun Hye Shin.;Juhee Cho.;Danbee Kang.;Hye Yun Park.
来源: Chest. 2024年165卷1期84-94页
Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in patients with COPD affects their overall health outcomes, including symptom relief and improved quality of life. However, the magnitude of the effect of MVPA initiation on real-world clinical outcomes has not been well investigated.
49. Phenotypic Features of Pediatric Bronchiectasis Exacerbations Associated With Symptom Resolution After 14 Days of Oral Antibiotic Treatment.
作者: Vikas Goyal.;Stephanie T Yerkovich.;Keith Grimwood.;Julie M Marchant.;Catherine A Byrnes.;Ian Brent Masters.;Anne B Chang.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷6期1378-1386页
Respiratory exacerbations in children and adolescents with bronchiectasis are treated with antibiotics. However, antibiotics can have variable interindividual effects when treating exacerbations.
50. Clinic vs Home Spirometry for Monitoring Lung Function in Patients With Asthma.
作者: John Oppenheimer.;Nicola A Hanania.;Rekha Chaudhuri.;Hironori Sagara.;Zelie Bailes.;Andrew Fowler.;Guy Peachey.;Emilio Pizzichini.;David Slade.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷5期1087-1096页
Studies examining agreement between home and clinic spirometry in patients with asthma are limited, with conflicting results. Understanding the strengths and limitations of telehealth and home spirometry is particularly important considering the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
51. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Infusion for the Treatment of Respiratory Failure From COVID-19: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Dosing Clinical Trial.
作者: Amy L Lightner.;Vikram Sengupta.;Sascha Qian.;John T Ransom.;Sam Suzuki.;David J Park.;Timothy I Melson.;Brian P Williams.;James J Walsh.;Mustafa Awili.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷6期1444-1453页
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (ExoFlo) convey the immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of intact BM-MSCs. This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of ExoFlo as treatment for moderate to severe ARDS in patients with severe COVID-19.
52. The Effects of Exercise Training in Patients With Persistent Dyspnea Following Pulmonary Embolism: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Øyvind Jervan.;Stacey Haukeland-Parker.;Jostein Gleditsch.;Mazdak Tavoly.;Frederikus A Klok.;Kjetil Steine.;Hege Hølmo Johannessen.;Martijn A Spruit.;Dan Atar.;René Holst.;Anders Erik Astrup Dahm.;Per Anton Sirnes.;Knut Stavem.;Waleed Ghanima.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷4期981-991页
Persistent dyspnea, functional limitations, and reduced quality of life (QoL) are common following pulmonary embolism (PE). Rehabilitation is a potential treatment option, but the scientific evidence is limited.
53. Implementation of Lung Cancer Screening in Primary Care and Pulmonary Clinics: Pragmatic Clinical Trial of Electronic Health Record-Integrated Everyday Shared Decision-Making Tool and Clinician-Facing Prompts.
作者: Polina V Kukhareva.;Haojia Li.;Tanner J Caverly.;Guilherme Del Fiol.;Angela Fagerlin.;Jorie M Butler.;Rachel Hess.;Yue Zhang.;Teresa Taft.;Michael C Flynn.;Chakravarthy Reddy.;Douglas K Martin.;Isaac A Warner.;Salvador Rodriguez-Loya.;Phillip B Warner.;Kensaku Kawamoto.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷5期1325-1338页
Although low-dose CT (LDCT) scan imaging lung cancer screening (LCS) can reduce lung cancer mortality, it remains underused. Shared decision-making (SDM) is recommended to assess the balance of benefits and harms for each patient.
54. Effects of Positive Airway Pressure Therapy on Glycemic Variability in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and OSA: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: R Nisha Aurora.;Mary R Rooney.;Dan Wang.;Elizabeth Selvin.;Naresh M Punjabi.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷4期1057-1067页
Glycemic variability is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes independent of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Given the conflicting evidence on the effect of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy for OSA on HbA1c, elucidating its effect on glycemic variability has value.
55. Valaciclovir for Epstein-Barr Virus Suppression in Moderate-to-Severe COPD: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.
作者: Dermot A Linden.;Hong Guo-Parke.;Michael C McKelvey.;Gisli G Einarsson.;Andrew J Lee.;Derek J Fairley.;Vanessa Brown.;Gavin Lundy.;Christina Campbell.;Danielle Logan.;Margaret McFarland.;Dave Singh.;Daniel F McAuley.;Clifford C Taggart.;Joseph C Kidney.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷3期625-636页
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) frequently is measured at high levels in COPD using sputum quantitative polymerase chain reaction, whereas airway immunohistochemistry analysis has shown EBV detection to be common in severe disease.
56. Albuterol-Budesonide Pressurized Metered Dose Inhaler in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Asthma: Results of the DENALI Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Bradley E Chipps.;Elliot Israel.;Richard Beasley.;Reynold A Panettieri.;Frank C Albers.;Robert Rees.;Lynn Dunsire.;Anna Danilewicz.;Eva Johnsson.;Christy Cappelletti.;Alberto Papi.
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷3期585-595页
In the phase 3 MANDALA trial, as-needed albuterol-budesonide pressurized metered-dose inhaler significantly reduced severe exacerbation risk vs as-needed albuterol in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma receiving inhaled corticosteroid-containing maintenance therapy. This study (DENALI) was conducted to address the US Food and Drug Administration combination rule, which requires a combination product to demonstrate that each component contributes to its efficacy.
57. The Optimizing Lung Screening Trial (WF-20817CD): Multicenter Randomized Effectiveness Implementation Trial to Increase Tobacco Use Cessation for Individuals Undergoing Lung Screening.
作者: Kristie L Foley.;Emily V Dressler.;Kathryn E Weaver.;Erin L Sutfin.;David P Miller.;Christina Bellinger.;Carol Kittel.;Rebecca J Stone.;W Jeffrey Petty.;Stephanie R Land.;John G Spangler.;Glenn J Lesser.;Caroline Chiles.; .
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷2期531-543页
One-half of all people who undergo lung cancer screening (LCS) currently use tobacco. However, few published studies have explored how to implement effective tobacco use treatment optimally during the LCS encounter.
58. Patient-Reported Symptom and Health-Related Quality-of-Life Validation and Responsiveness During the First 6 Months of Treatment for Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease.
作者: Emily Henkle.;Alexandra L Quittner.;Nathan F Dieckmann.;Heather Franklin.;Amanda E Brunton.;Charles L Daley.;Kevin L Winthrop.; .
来源: Chest. 2023年164卷1期53-64页
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), predominately Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), cause chronic pulmonary disease. Improvements in symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are important treatment outcomes, but no validated patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure exists.
59. A Total Diet Replacement Weight Management Program for Difficult-to-Treat Asthma Associated With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial.
作者: Varun Sharma.;Helen Clare Ricketts.;Louise McCombie.;Naomi Brosnahan.;Luisa Crawford.;Lesley Slaughter.;Anna Goodfellow.;Femke Steffensen.;Duncan S Buchan.;Rekha Chaudhuri.;Michael E J Lean.;Douglas C Cowan.
来源: Chest. 2023年163卷5期1026-1037页
Obesity is often associated with uncontrolled, difficult-to-treat asthma and increased morbidity and mortality. Previous studies suggest that weight loss may improve asthma outcomes, but with heterogenous asthma populations studied and unclear consensus on the optimal method of weight management. The Counterweight-Plus Programme (CWP) for weight management is an evidence-based, dietitian-led total diet replacement (TDR) program.
60. Health-Related Quality of Life Following Robotic-Assisted or Video-Assisted Lobectomy in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results From the RVlob Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Runsen Jin.;Zhengyuan Zhang.;Yuyan Zheng.;Zhenyi Niu.;Siying Sun.;Yuqin Cao.;Yajie Zhang.;Abbas E Abbas.;Toni Lerut.;Jules Lin.;Hecheng Li.
来源: Chest. 2023年163卷6期1576-1588页
Robot-assisted lobectomy (RAL) is increasingly used as an alternative to video-assisted lobectomy (VAL) for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is little evidence of any difference in postoperative health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between these two approaches.
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