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561. Benefits and Risks Associated With Statin Therapy for Primary Prevention in Old and Very Old Adults : Real-World Evidence From a Target Trial Emulation Study.
作者: Wanchun Xu.;Amanda Lauren Lee.;Cindy Lo Kuen Lam.;Goodarz Danaei.;Eric Yuk Fai Wan.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷6期701-710页
There is little consensus on using statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and all-cause mortality in adults aged 75 years or older due to the underrepresentation of this population in randomized controlled trials.
562. Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy and Endoscopy for the Treatment of Pain in Chronic Pancreatitis : A Sham-Controlled, Randomized Trial.
作者: Rupjyoti Talukdar.;Søren S Olesen.;Misbah Unnisa.;Akshay Bedarkar.;Subhaleena Sarkar.;Manu Tandan.;Nitin Jagtap.;Santosh Darisetty.;Sekhramantri Kiran.;Vinod Koppoju.;Sundeep Lakhtakia.;Mohan Ramchandani.;Rakesh Kalapala.;Rajesh Gupta.;Vikesh K Singh.;Guduru Venkat Rao.;Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy.;Asbjørn M Drewes.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷6期749-758页
No randomized controlled trials have substantiated endoscopic decompression of the pancreatic duct in patients with painful chronic pancreatitis.
563. Long COVID Definitions and Models of Care : A Scoping Review.
作者: Roger Chou.;Eric Herman.;Azrah Ahmed.;Jordan Anderson.;Shelley Selph.;Tracy Dana.;Leah Williams.;Ilya Ivlev.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷7期929-940页
Definitions of long COVID are evolving, and optimal models of care are uncertain.
564. Association Between Autoimmune Diseases and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance : An Analysis From a Population-Based Screening Study.
作者: Ingigerdur Sverrisdottir.;Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir.;Sæmundur Rognvaldsson.;Thor Aspelund.;Brynjar Vidarsson.;Pall Torfi Onundarson.;Bjarni A Agnarsson.;Margret Sigurdardottir.;Ingunn Thorsteinsdóttir.;Signy Vala Sveinsdottir.;Robert Palmason.;Isleifur Olafsson.;Fridbjorn Sigurdsson.;Asdis Rosa Thordardóttir.;Elias Eythorsson.;Asbjorn Jonsson.;Runolfur Palsson.;Olafur Skuli Indridason.;Gauti Kjartan Gislason.;Andri Olafsson.;Jon Sigurdsson.;Hlif Steingrímsdóttir.;Thorir Einarsson Long.;Malin Hultcrantz.;Brian G M Durie.;Stephen Harding.;Ola Landgren.;Sigurdur Yngvi Kristinsson.;Thorvardur Jon Love.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷6期711-718页
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a precursor of multiple myeloma (MM) and related conditions. In previous registry-based, retrospective studies, autoimmune diseases have been associated with MGUS. However, these studies were not based on a screened population and are therefore prone to ascertainment bias.
565. Computer-Aided Diagnosis for Leaving Colorectal Polyps In Situ : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Cesare Hassan.;Masashi Misawa.;Tommy Rizkala.;Yuichi Mori.;Shahnaz Sultan.;Antonio Facciorusso.;Giulio Antonelli.;Marco Spadaccini.;Britt B S L Houwen.;Emanuele Rondonotti.;Harsh Patel.;Kareem Khalaf.;James Weiquan Li.;Gloria M Fernandez.;Pradeep Bhandari.;Evelien Dekker.;Seth Gross.;Tyler Berzin.;Per Olav Vandvik.;Loredana Correale.;Shin-Ei Kudo.;Prateek Sharma.;Douglas K Rex.;Alessandro Repici.;Farid Foroutan.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷7期919-928页
Computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) allows prediction of polyp histology during colonoscopy, which may reduce unnecessary removal of nonneoplastic polyps. However, the potential benefits and harms of CADx are still unclear.
566. Sensitivity and Specificity of Using GPT-3.5 Turbo Models for Title and Abstract Screening in Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.
作者: Viet-Thi Tran.;Gerald Gartlehner.;Sally Yaacoub.;Isabelle Boutron.;Lukas Schwingshackl.;Julia Stadelmaier.;Isolde Sommer.;Farzaneh Alebouyeh.;Sivem Afach.;Joerg Meerpohl.;Philippe Ravaud.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷6期791-799页
Systematic reviews are performed manually despite the exponential growth of scientific literature.
567. Artificial Intelligence for Real-Time Prediction of the Histology of Colorectal Polyps by General Endoscopists.
作者: Douglas K Rex.;Indira Bhavsar-Burke.;Daniel Buckles.;James Burton.;Amanda Cartee.;Kevin Comar.;Adam Edwards.;Blair Fennimore.;Monika Fischer.;Mark Gerich.;Ashley Gilmore.;Shadi Hamdeh.;Jeffrey Hoffman.;Michael Ibach.;Mollie Jackson.;Toyia James-Stevenson.;Tonya Kaltenbach.;Jeffrey Kaplan.;Saurabh Kapur.;Daniel Kohm.;Michael Kriss.;Shanker Kundumadam.;Kondal R Kyanam Kabir Baig.;Paul Menard-Katcher.;Cary Kraft.;James Langworthy.;Bharat Misra.;Eric Molloy.;Juan Carlos Munoz.;John Norvell.;Thomas Nowak.;Itegbemie Obaitan.;Swati Patel.;Mitesh Patel.;Shajan Peter.;B Marie Reid.;Nicholas Rogers.;Jason Ross.;James Ryan.;Sashidhar Sagi.;Akira Saito.;Salih Samo.;Fayez Sarkis.;Frank I Scott.;Robert Siwiec.;Shelby Sullivan.;Amanda Wieland.;Jianying Zhang.;Alessandro Repici.;Cesare Hassan.;Michael F Byrne.;Amit Rastogi.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷7期911-918页
Real-time prediction of histologic features of small colorectal polyps may prevent resection and/or pathologic evaluation and therefore decrease colonoscopy costs. Previous studies showed that computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) was highly accurate, though it did not outperform expert endoscopists.
568. A Blueprint for U.S. Health Insurance Reform.
The current U.S. health insurance "system" was not deliberately planned and constructed but has emerged piecemeal over the past half-century through a series of incremental and haphazard reforms. That policy history also reveals a clear but unfulfilled societal commitment to providing access to essential health care regardless of resources. To fulfill this obligation, the solution proposed in this article has 2 key elements: 1) universal coverage that is automatic, free, and basic, and 2) the option to buy supplemental coverage in a well-designed market. Such a system could, if desired, be created without raising taxes and without disrupting or changing the delivery of medical care.
569. Associations of Testosterone and Related Hormones With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Men : Individual Participant Data Meta-analyses.
作者: Bu B Yeap.;Ross J Marriott.;Girish Dwivedi.;Robert J Adams.;Leen Antonio.;Christie M Ballantyne.;Douglas C Bauer.;Shalender Bhasin.;Mary L Biggs.;Peggy M Cawthon.;David J Couper.;Adrian S Dobs.;Leon Flicker.;David J Handelsman.;Graeme J Hankey.;Anke Hannemann.;Robin Haring.;Benjumin Hsu.;Sean A Martin.;Alvin M Matsumoto.;Dan Mellström.;Claes Ohlsson.;Terence W O'Neill.;Eric S Orwoll.;Matteo Quartagno.;Molly M Shores.;Antje Steveling.;Åsa Tivesten.;Thomas G Travison.;Dirk Vanderschueren.;Gary A Wittert.;Frederick C W Wu.;Kevin Murray.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷6期768-781页
Whether circulating sex hormones modulate mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in aging men is controversial.
570. Obesity.
作者: Adam H Gilden.;Victoria A Catenacci.;John Michael Taormina.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷5期ITC65-ITC80页
Obesity is a common condition and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Fortunately, weight loss treatment can reduce obesity-related complications. This review summarizes the evidence-based strategies physicians can employ to identify, prevent, and treat obesity, including best practices to diagnose and counsel patients, to assess and address the burden of weight-related disease including weight stigma, to address secondary causes of weight gain, and to help patients set individualized and realistic weight loss goals and an effective treatment plan. Effective treatments include lifestyle modification and adjunctive therapies such as antiobesity medications and metabolic and bariatric surgery.
571. Reporting Conflicts of Interest and Funding in Health Care Guidelines: The RIGHT-COI&F Checklist.
作者: Yangqin Xun.;Janne Estill.;Joanne Khabsa.;Ivan D Florez.;Gordon H Guyatt.;Susan L Norris.;Myeong Soo Lee.;Akihiko Ozaki.;Amir Qaseem.;Holger J Schünemann.;Ruitai Shao.;Yaolong Chen.;Elie A Akl.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷6期782-790页
Conflicts of interest (COIs) of contributors to a guideline project and the funding of that project can influence the development of the guideline. Comprehensive reporting of information on COIs and funding is essential for the transparency and credibility of guidelines.
572. Diagnostic Strategy Using Color Doppler Ultrasound of Temporal Arteries in Patients With High Clinical Suspicion of Giant Cell Arteritis : A Prospective Cohort Study.
作者: Guillaume Denis.;Olivier Espitia.;Caroline Allix-Béguec.;Céline Dieval.;Fanny Lorcerie.;Bruno Gombert.;Xavier Pouget-Abadie.;Claire Toquet.;Christian Agard.;Alizée Raimbeau.;Giovanni Gautier.;Jean-Michel Goujon.;Géraldine Durand.;Cécile Thollot-Karolewicz.;Christian Lormeau.;Aurélie Grados.;Anne Grenot-Mercier.;Rony El-Khoury.;Agnès Riche.;Florence Hospital.;Sebastien Visee.;Marie-Luce Auriault.;Cédric Landron.;Mickaël Martin.;Christophe Roncato.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷6期729-737页
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most prevalent systemic vasculitis in people older than 50 years. Any delay in diagnosis impairs patients' quality of life and can lead to permanent damage, particularly vision loss.
573. In Enterobacterales bacteremia, antipseudomonal β-lactam de-escalation was noninferior to continuation for clinical cure at 3 to 5 d.
López-Cortés LE, Delgado-Valverde M, Moreno-Mellado E, et al; SIMPLIFY study group. Efficacy and safety of a structured de-escalation from antipseudomonal β-lactams in bloodstream infections due to Enterobacterales (SIMPLIFY): an open-label, multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024;24:375-385. 38215770.
574. In type 2 diabetes, the effectiveness and side effects of GLP-1 RAs vary.
Yao H, Zhang A, Li D, et al. Comparative effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists on glycaemic control, body weight, and lipid profile for type 2 diabetes: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2024;384:e076410. 38286487.
575. SCCM issued recommendations for corticosteroid use in acutely ill adults with sepsis, ARDS, or CAP.
Chaudhuri D, Nei AM, Rochwerg B, et al. 2024 focused update: guidelines on use of corticosteroids in sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and community-acquired pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 2024;52:e219-e233. 38240492.
576. The Safety of Outpatient Health Care : Review of Electronic Health Records.
作者: David M Levine.;Ania Syrowatka.;Hojjat Salmasian.;David M Shahian.;Stuart Lipsitz.;Jonathan P Zebrowski.;Laura C Myers.;Merranda S Logan.;Christopher G Roy.;Christine Iannaccone.;Michelle L Frits.;Lynn A Volk.;Sevan Dulgarian.;Mary G Amato.;Heba H Edrees.;Luke Sato.;Patricia Folcarelli.;Jonathan S Einbinder.;Mark E Reynolds.;Elizabeth Mort.;David W Bates.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2024年177卷6期738-748页
Despite considerable emphasis on delivering safe care, substantial patient harm occurs. Although most care occurs in the outpatient setting, knowledge of outpatient adverse events (AEs) remains limited.
577. In patients with type 2 diabetes and recent MI, colchicine reduced a composite CV outcome at 23 mo.
Roubille F, Bouabdallaoui N, Kouz S, et al. Low-dose colchicine in patients with type 2 diabetes and recent myocardial infarction in the COLchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (COLCOT). Diabetes Care. 2024;47:467-470. 38181203.
578. In HFpEF with obesity, semaglutide improved health status and weight loss at 52 wk, regardless of initial health status.
Kosiborod MN, Verma S, Borlaug BA, et al; STEP-HFpEF Trial Committees and Investigators. Effects of semaglutide on symptoms, function, and quality of life in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity: a prespecified analysis of the STEP-HFpEF trial. Circulation. 2024;149:204-216. 37952180.
579. In older patients with AF and frailty, switching from VKA to NOAC therapy increased a composite of major or CRNM bleeding at 12 mo.
Joosten LP, van Doorn S, van de Ven PM, et al. Safety of switching from a vitamin K antagonist to a non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant in frail older patients with atrial fibrillation: results of the FRAIL-AF randomized controlled trial. Circulation. 2024;149:279-289. 37634130.
580. In AF, CHA2DS2-VASc 1 subgroups did not differ for predicting risk for arterial thromboembolism at 1 y.
Østergaard L, Olesen JB, Petersen JK, et al. Arterial thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation and CHA2DS2-VASc 1: a nationwide study. Circulation. 2024;149:764-773. 38152890.
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