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461. COPD and air travel: oxygen equipment and preflight titration of supplemental oxygen.
作者: Aina Akerø.;Anne Edvardsen.;Carl C Christensen.;Jan O Owe.;Morten Ryg.;Ole H Skjønsberg.
来源: Chest. 2011年140卷1期84-90页
Patients with COPD may need supplemental oxygen during air travel to avoid development of severe hypoxemia. The current study evaluated whether the hypoxia-altitude simulation test (HAST), in which patients breathe 15.1% oxygen simulating aircraft conditions, can be used to establish the optimal dose of supplemental oxygen. Also, the various types of oxygen-delivery equipment allowed for air travel were compared.
462. Improvements in the 6-min walk test and spirometry following thoracentesis for symptomatic pleural effusions.
作者: Ana Maria Cartaxo.;Francisco S Vargas.;João Marcos Salge.;Bianca F Marcondes.;Eduardo H Genofre.;Leila Antonangelo.;Evaldo Marchi.;Lisete R Teixeira.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷6期1424-1429页
Impairment in pulmonary capacity due to pleural effusion compromises daily activity. Removal of fluid improves symptoms, but the impact, especially on exercise capacity, has not been determined.
463. The acute effects of water-pipe smoking on the cardiorespiratory system.
作者: Fahed Hakim.;Elias Hellou.;Aviv Goldbart.;Rina Katz.;Yedidia Bentur.;Lea Bentur.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷4期775-781页
There are limited data on the acute effects of water-pipe tobacco smoking, commonly known as water-pipe smoking (WPS), on cardiopulmonary parameters. This study evaluated the acute effects of a single 30-min session of WPS on carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels, pulmonary function test results, vital signs, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) levels, and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) cytokine levels in volunteers in a domestic, open-air, group smoking setting.
464. Rapid on-site evaluation of transbronchial aspirates in the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal adenopathy: a randomized trial.
作者: Rocco Trisolini.;Alessandra Cancellieri.;Carmine Tinelli.;Daniela Paioli.;Luigia Scudeller.;Gian Piero Casadei.;Sergio Forti Parri.;Vanina Livi.;Arrigo Bondi.;Maurizio Boaron.;Marco Patelli.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷2期395-401页
Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of transbronchial needle aspirates has long been used during flexible bronchoscopy, but its usefulness in the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal adenopathy is controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the extent to which ROSE can be valuable in patients undergoing transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) for the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal adenopathy.
465. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia or exacerbation of asthma or COPD.
作者: Mona Bafadhel.;Tristan W Clark.;Carlene Reid.;Marie-Jo Medina.;Sally Batham.;Michael R Barer.;Karl G Nicholson.;Christopher E Brightling.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷6期1410-1418页
Antibiotic overuse in respiratory illness is common and is associated with drug resistance and hospital-acquired infection. Biomarkers that can identify bacterial infections may reduce antibiotic prescription. We aimed to compare the usefulness of the biomarkers procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with pneumonia or exacerbations of asthma or COPD.
466. Can chest ultrasonography replace standard chest radiography for evaluation of acute dyspnea in the ED?
We examined the concordance between chest ultrasonography and chest radiography in patients with dyspnea, using chest CT scanning as the gold standard in case of mismatch between the two modalities.
467. The effect of supplemental oxygen on hypercapnia in subjects with obesity-associated hypoventilation: a randomized, crossover, clinical study.
作者: Meme Wijesinghe.;Mathew Williams.;Kyle Perrin.;Mark Weatherall.;Richard Beasley.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷5期1018-1024页
It is unknown whether oxygen therapy causes worsening hypercapnia in patients with obesity-associated hypoventilation (OAH), similar to the response observed in COPD. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether breathing 100% oxygen results in an increase in hypercapnia in patients with OAH and the mechanisms of any effect.
468. Rapid pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions: a pilot study.
作者: Chakravarthy Reddy.;Armin Ernst.;Carla Lamb.;David Feller-Kopman.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷6期1419-1423页
Malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) affect > 150,000 people each year in the United States. Current palliative options include pleurodesis and placement of an indwelling catheter, each with its own associated benefits. This study was conducted to determine the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of a rapid pleurodesis protocol by combining medical thoracoscopy with talc pleurodesis and simultaneous placement of a tunneled pleural catheter (TPC) in patients with symptomatic MPE.
469. Inaccuracy of Doppler echocardiographic estimates of pulmonary artery pressures in patients with pulmonary hypertension: implications for clinical practice.
作者: Jonathan D Rich.;Sanjiv J Shah.;Rajiv S Swamy.;Anna Kamp.;Stuart Rich.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷5期988-993页
Recent studies suggest that Doppler echocardiography (DE)-based estimates of pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) may not be as accurate as previously believed. We sought to determine the accuracy of PASP measurements using DE compared with right-sided heart catheterization (RHC) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH).
470. Effects of varenicline on smoking cessation in patients with mild to moderate COPD: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Donald P Tashkin.;Stephen Rennard.;J Taylor Hays.;Wendy Ma.;David Lawrence.;Theodore C Lee.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷3期591-599页
Smoking is the most important risk factor for COPD and accelerates its progression. Despite the health implications, a large proportion of patients with COPD continue to smoke, so finding effective smoking cessation interventions for this population is paramount. To our knowledge, this is the first randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacy and safety of varenicline tartrate vs placebo in smokers with mild to moderate COPD.
471. A randomized trial of parental behavioral counseling and cotinine feedback for lowering environmental tobacco smoke exposure in children with asthma: results of the LET'S Manage Asthma trial.
作者: Sandra R Wilson.;Harold J Farber.;Sarah B Knowles.;Philip W Lavori.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷3期581-590页
Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure impairs the control of pediatric asthma. Evidence of the efficacy of interventions to reduce children's exposure and improve disease outcomes has been inconclusive.
472. Does a protective ventilation strategy reduce the risk of pulmonary complications after lung cancer surgery?: a randomized controlled trial.
作者: Mikyung Yang.;Hyun Joo Ahn.;Kwhanmien Kim.;Jie Ae Kim.;Chin A Yi.;Myung Joo Kim.;Hyo Jin Kim.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷3期530-537页
Protective ventilation strategy has been shown to reduce ventilator-induced lung injury in patients with ARDS. In this study, we questioned whether protective ventilatory settings would attenuate lung impairment during one-lung ventilation (OLV) compared with conventional ventilation in patients undergoing lung resection surgery.
473. Number of lymph nodes harvested from a mediastinal lymphadenectomy: results of the randomized, prospective American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0030 trial.
作者: Gail E Darling.;Mark S Allen.;Paul A Decker.;Karla Ballman.;Richard A Malthaner.;Richard I Inculet.;David R Jones.;Robert J McKenna.;Rodney J Landreneau.;Joe B Putnam.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷5期1124-1129页
Lymph node status is a major determinant of stage and survival in patients with lung cancer; however, little information is available about the expected yield of a mediastinal lymphadenectomy.
474. Effects of exercise on respiratory flow and sputum properties in patients with cystic fibrosis.
作者: Tiffany J Dwyer.;Jennifer A Alison.;Zoe J McKeough.;Evangelia Daviskas.;Peter T P Bye.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷4期870-877页
The physiologic mechanisms by which exercise may clear secretions in subjects with cystic fibrosis (CF) are unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare ventilation, respiratory flow, and sputum properties following treadmill and cycle exercise with resting breathing (referred to as "control").
475. ICU care associated with symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder among family members of patients who die in the ICU.
作者: Erin K Kross.;Ruth A Engelberg.;Cynthia J Gries.;Elizabeth L Nielsen.;Douglas Zatzick.;J Randall Curtis.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷4期795-801页
Psychologic symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are relatively common among family members of patients who die in the ICU. The patient-level risk factors for these family symptoms are not well understood but may help to target future interventions.
476. Simulation training improves diagnostic performance on a real patient with similar clinical findings.
作者: Kristin Fraser.;Bruce Wright.;Louis Girard.;Janet Tworek.;Mike Paget.;Lisa Welikovich.;Kevin McLaughlin.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷2期376-381页
Training on a cardiopulmonary simulator improves subsequent diagnostic performance on the same simulator. But data are lacking on transfer of learning. The objective of this study was to determine whether training on a cardiorespiratory simulator improves diagnostic performance on a real patient.
477. Ultrasound accurately reflects the jugular venous examination but underestimates central venous pressure.
Bedside ultrasound examination could be used to assess jugular venous pressure (JVP), and thus central venous pressure (CVP), more reliably than clinical examination.
478. Resistance arm training in patients with COPD: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Tania Janaudis-Ferreira.;Kylie Hill.;Roger S Goldstein.;Priscila Robles-Ribeiro.;Marla K Beauchamp.;Thomas E Dolmage.;Karin Wadell.;Dina Brooks.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷1期151-8页
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of upper extremity resistance training for patients with COPD on dyspnea during activity of daily living (ADL), arm function, arm exercise capacity, muscle strength, and health-related quality of life (HRQL).
479. Noninvasive diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.
作者: Pierre-Yves Salaun.;Francis Couturaud.;Alexandra Le Duc-Pennec.;Karine Lacut.;Pierre-Yves Le Roux.;Philippe Guillo.;Pierre-Yves Pennec.;Jean-Christophe Cornily.;Christophe Leroyer.;Grégoire Le Gal.
来源: Chest. 2011年139卷6期1294-1298页
We designed a simple and integrated diagnostic algorithm for acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Diagnosis was based on clinical probability assessment, plasma D-dimer testing, then sequential testing to include lower limb venous compression ultrasonography, ventilation perfusion lung scan, and chest multidetector CT (MDCT) imaging.
480. Prevalence and recognition of obstructive sleep apnea in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
作者: David C L Lam.;Macy M S Lui.;Jamie C M Lam.;Liza H Y Ong.;Karen S L Lam.;Mary S M Ip.
来源: Chest. 2010年138卷5期1101-7页
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with disorders of glucose metabolism. Previous studies revealed a high prevalence of OSA among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of OSA and associated clinical factors in Chinese patients with DM.
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