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461. Zilebesiran, an RNA Interference Therapeutic Agent for Hypertension.
作者: Akshay S Desai.;David J Webb.;Jorg Taubel.;Sarah Casey.;Yansong Cheng.;Gabriel J Robbie.;Don Foster.;Stephen A Huang.;Sean Rhyee.;Marianne T Sweetser.;George L Bakris.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷3期228-238页
Angiotensinogen is the sole precursor of angiotensin peptides and has a key role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Zilebesiran, an investigational RNA interference therapeutic agent with a prolonged duration of action, inhibits hepatic angiotensinogen synthesis.
462. Potential for Maternally Administered Vaccine for Infant Group B Streptococcus.
作者: Shabir A Madhi.;Annaliesa S Anderson.;Judith Absalon.;David Radley.;Raphael Simon.;Babalwa Jongihlati.;Renate Strehlau.;Anika M van Niekerk.;Alane Izu.;Niree Naidoo.;Gaurav Kwatra.;Yogandree Ramsamy.;Mohamed Said.;Stephanie Jones.;Lisa Jose.;Lee Fairlie.;Shaun L Barnabas.;Ryan Newton.;Samantha Munson.;Zahra Jefferies.;Danka Pavliakova.;Natalie C Silmon de Monerri.;Emily Gomme.;John L Perez.;Daniel A Scott.;William C Gruber.;Kathrin U Jansen.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷3期215-227页
Natural history studies have correlated serotype-specific anti-capsular polysaccharide (CPS) IgG in newborns with a reduced risk of group B streptococcal disease. A hexavalent CPS-cross-reactive material 197 glycoconjugate vaccine (GBS6) is being developed as a maternal vaccine to prevent invasive group B streptococcus in young infants.
463. Trial of the MIND Diet for Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Older Persons.
作者: Lisa L Barnes.;Klodian Dhana.;Xiaoran Liu.;Vincent J Carey.;Jennifer Ventrelle.;Kathleen Johnson.;Chiquia S Hollings.;Louise Bishop.;Nancy Laranjo.;Benjamin J Stubbs.;Xavier Reilly.;Puja Agarwal.;Shengwei Zhang.;Francine Grodstein.;Christy C Tangney.;Thomas M Holland.;Neelum T Aggarwal.;Konstantinos Arfanakis.;Martha Clare Morris.;Frank M Sacks.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷7期602-611页
Findings from observational studies suggest that dietary patterns may offer protective benefits against cognitive decline, but data from clinical trials are limited. The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, known as the MIND diet, is a hybrid of the Mediterranean diet and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, with modifications to include foods that have been putatively associated with a decreased risk of dementia.
464. Trial of Solanezumab in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease.
作者: Reisa A Sperling.;Michael C Donohue.;Rema Raman.;Michael S Rafii.;Keith Johnson.;Colin L Masters.;Christopher H van Dyck.;Takeshi Iwatsubo.;Gad A Marshall.;Roy Yaari.;Michele Mancini.;Karen C Holdridge.;Michael Case.;John R Sims.;Paul S Aisen.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷12期1096-1107页
Trials of monoclonal antibodies that target various forms of amyloid at different stages of Alzheimer's disease have had mixed results.
465. BRAF-MEK Inhibition in Newly Diagnosed Papillary Craniopharyngiomas.
作者: Priscilla K Brastianos.;Erin Twohy.;Susan Geyer.;Elizabeth R Gerstner.;Timothy J Kaufmann.;Shervin Tabrizi.;Brian Kabat.;Julia Thierauf.;Michael W Ruff.;Daniela A Bota.;David A Reardon.;Adam L Cohen.;Macarena I De La Fuente.;Glenn J Lesser.;Jian Campian.;Pankaj K Agarwalla.;Priya Kumthekar.;Bhupinder Mann.;Shivangi Vora.;Michael Knopp.;A John Iafrate.;William T Curry.;Daniel P Cahill.;Helen A Shih.;Paul D Brown.;Sandro Santagata.;Fred G Barker.;Evanthia Galanis.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷2期118-126页
Craniopharyngiomas, primary brain tumors of the pituitary-hypothalamic axis, can cause clinically significant sequelae. Treatment with the use of surgery, radiation, or both is often associated with substantial morbidity related to vision loss, neuroendocrine dysfunction, and memory loss. Genotyping has shown that more than 90% of papillary craniopharyngiomas carry BRAF V600E mutations, but data are lacking with regard to the safety and efficacy of BRAF-MEK inhibition in patients with papillary craniopharyngiomas who have not undergone previous radiation therapy.
466. Pirtobrutinib after a Covalent BTK Inhibitor in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
作者: Anthony R Mato.;Jennifer A Woyach.;Jennifer R Brown.;Paolo Ghia.;Krish Patel.;Toby A Eyre.;Talha Munir.;Ewa Lech-Maranda.;Nicole Lamanna.;Constantine S Tam.;Nirav N Shah.;Catherine C Coombs.;Chaitra S Ujjani.;Bita Fakhri.;Chan Y Cheah.;Manish R Patel.;Alvaro J Alencar.;Jonathon B Cohen.;James N Gerson.;Ian W Flinn.;Shuo Ma.;Deepa Jagadeesh.;Joanna M Rhodes.;Francisco Hernandez-Ilizaliturri.;Pier L Zinzani.;John F Seymour.;Minna Balbas.;Binoj Nair.;Paolo Abada.;Chunxiao Wang.;Amy S Ruppert.;Denise Wang.;Donald E Tsai.;William G Wierda.;Wojciech Jurczak.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷1期33-44页
Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) have poor outcomes after the failure of covalent Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor treatment, and new therapeutic options are needed. Pirtobrutinib, a highly selective, noncovalent (reversible) BTK inhibitor, was designed to reestablish BTK inhibition.
467. Perioperative Nivolumab and Chemotherapy in Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
作者: Mariano Provencio.;Ernest Nadal.;José L González-Larriba.;Alex Martínez-Martí.;Reyes Bernabé.;Joaquim Bosch-Barrera.;Joaquín Casal-Rubio.;Virginia Calvo.;Amelia Insa.;Santiago Ponce.;Noemí Reguart.;Javier de Castro.;Joaquín Mosquera.;Manuel Cobo.;Andrés Aguilar.;Guillermo López Vivanco.;Carlos Camps.;Rafael López-Castro.;Teresa Morán.;Isidoro Barneto.;Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu.;Roberto Serna-Blasco.;Raquel Benítez.;Carlos Aguado de la Rosa.;Ramón Palmero.;Florentino Hernando-Trancho.;Javier Martín-López.;Alberto Cruz-Bermúdez.;Bartomeu Massuti.;Atocha Romero.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷6期504-513页
Approximately 20% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receive a diagnosis of stage III disease. There is no current consensus regarding the most appropriate treatment for these patients.
468. Mirikizumab as Induction and Maintenance Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis.
作者: Geert D'Haens.;Marla Dubinsky.;Taku Kobayashi.;Peter M Irving.;Stefanie Howaldt.;Juris Pokrotnieks.;Kathryn Krueger.;Janelle Laskowski.;Xingyuan Li.;Trevor Lissoos.;Joe Milata.;Nathan Morris.;Vipin Arora.;Catherine Milch.;William Sandborn.;Bruce E Sands.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年388卷26期2444-2455页
Mirikizumab, a p19-directed antibody against interleukin-23, showed efficacy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in a phase 2 trial.
469. Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial.
作者: Ania M Jastreboff.;Lee M Kaplan.;Juan P Frías.;Qiwei Wu.;Yu Du.;Sirel Gurbuz.;Tamer Coskun.;Axel Haupt.;Zvonko Milicevic.;Mark L Hartman.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷6期514-526页
Retatrutide (LY3437943) is an agonist of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide 1, and glucagon receptors. Its dose-response relationships with respect to side effects, safety, and efficacy for the treatment of obesity are not known.
470. Weekly Icodec versus Daily Glargine U100 in Type 2 Diabetes without Previous Insulin.
作者: Julio Rosenstock.;Stephen C Bain.;Amoolya Gowda.;Esteban Jódar.;Bo Liang.;Ildiko Lingvay.;Tomoyuki Nishida.;Roberto Trevisan.;Ofri Mosenzon.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷4期297-308页
Insulin icodec is an investigational once-weekly basal insulin analogue for diabetes management.
471. Randomized, Controlled Trial of the FGF21 Analogue Pegozafermin in NASH.
作者: Rohit Loomba.;Arun J Sanyal.;Kris V Kowdley.;Deepak L Bhatt.;Naim Alkhouri.;Juan P Frias.;Pierre Bedossa.;Stephen A Harrison.;Donald Lazas.;Robert Barish.;Mildred D Gottwald.;Shibao Feng.;Germaine D Agollah.;Cynthia L Hartsfield.;Hank Mansbach.;Maya Margalit.;Manal F Abdelmalek.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷11期998-1008页
Pegozafermin is a long-acting glycopegylated (pegylated with the use of site-specific glycosyltransferases) fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) analogue in development for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and severe hypertriglyceridemia. The efficacy and safety of pegozafermin in patients with biopsy-proven noncirrhotic NASH are not well established.
472. Daily Oral GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Orforglipron for Adults with Obesity.
作者: Sean Wharton.;Thomas Blevins.;Lisa Connery.;Julio Rosenstock.;Sohini Raha.;Rong Liu.;Xiaosu Ma.;Kieren J Mather.;Axel Haupt.;Deborah Robins.;Edward Pratt.;Christof Kazda.;Manige Konig.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷10期877-888页
Obesity is a major risk factor for many leading causes of illness and death worldwide. Data are needed regarding the efficacy and safety of the nonpeptide glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist orforglipron as a once-daily oral therapy for weight reduction in adults with obesity.
473. A Phase 3, Randomized Trial of Bulevirtide in Chronic Hepatitis D.
作者: Heiner Wedemeyer.;Soo Aleman.;Maurizia Rossana Brunetto.;Antje Blank.;Pietro Andreone.;Pavel Bogomolov.;Vladimir Chulanov.;Nina Mamonova.;Natalia Geyvandova.;Viacheslav Morozov.;Olga Sagalova.;Tatyana Stepanova.;Annemarie Berger.;Dmitry Manuilov.;Vithika Suri.;Qi An.;Ben Da.;John Flaherty.;Anu Osinusi.;Yang Liu.;Uta Merle.;Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch.;Stefan Zeuzem.;Sandra Ciesek.;Markus Cornberg.;Pietro Lampertico.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷1期22-32页
Coinfection with hepatitis D virus (HDV) accelerates the progression of liver disease associated with chronic hepatitis B. Bulevirtide inhibits the entry of HDV into hepatocytes.
474. Second-Line Switch to Dolutegravir for Treatment of HIV Infection.
作者: Loice A Ombajo.;Jeremy Penner.;Joseph Nkuranga.;Jared Mecha.;Margaret Mburu.;Collins Odhiambo.;Florentius Ndinya.;Rukia Aksam.;Richard Njenga.;Simon Wahome.;Peter Muiruri.;Sheila Eshiwani.;Maureen Kimani.;Catherine Ngugi.;Anton Pozniak.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年388卷25期2349-2359页
Data to inform the switch from a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI) to dolutegravir in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who do not have genotype information and who have viral suppression with second-line therapy containing a ritonavir-boosted PI have been limited.
475. Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide-Based Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis.
作者: Javier Bolaños-Meade.;Mehdi Hamadani.;Juan Wu.;Monzr M Al Malki.;Michael J Martens.;Lyndsey Runaas.;Hany Elmariah.;Andrew R Rezvani.;Mahasweta Gooptu.;Karilyn T Larkin.;Brian C Shaffer.;Najla El Jurdi.;Alison W Loren.;Melhem Solh.;Aric C Hall.;Amin M Alousi.;Omer H Jamy.;Miguel-Angel Perales.;Janny M Yao.;Kristy Applegate.;Ami S Bhatt.;Leslie S Kean.;Yvonne A Efebera.;Ran Reshef.;William Clark.;Nancy L DiFronzo.;Eric Leifer.;Mary M Horowitz.;Richard J Jones.;Shernan G Holtan.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年388卷25期2338-2348页
In patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT), a calcineurin inhibitor plus methotrexate has been a standard prophylaxis against graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). A phase 2 study indicated the potential superiority of a post-transplantation regimen of cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil.
476. Video versus Direct Laryngoscopy for Tracheal Intubation of Critically Ill Adults.
作者: Matthew E Prekker.;Brian E Driver.;Stacy A Trent.;Daniel Resnick-Ault.;Kevin P Seitz.;Derek W Russell.;John P Gaillard.;Andrew J Latimer.;Shekhar A Ghamande.;Kevin W Gibbs.;Derek J Vonderhaar.;Micah R Whitson.;Christopher R Barnes.;Jeremy P Walco.;Ivor S Douglas.;Vijay Krishnamoorthy.;Alon Dagan.;Jill J Bastman.;Bradley D Lloyd.;Sheetal Gandotra.;Jordan K Goranson.;Steven H Mitchell.;Heath D White.;Jessica A Palakshappa.;Alyssa Espinera.;David B Page.;Aaron Joffe.;Sydney J Hansen.;Christopher G Hughes.;Tobias George.;J Taylor Herbert.;Nathan I Shapiro.;Steven G Schauer.;Brit J Long.;Brant Imhoff.;Li Wang.;Jillian P Rhoads.;Kelsey N Womack.;David R Janz.;Wesley H Self.;Todd W Rice.;Adit A Ginde.;Jonathan D Casey.;Matthew W Semler.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷5期418-429页
Whether video laryngoscopy as compared with direct laryngoscopy increases the likelihood of successful tracheal intubation on the first attempt among critically ill adults is uncertain.
477. Effect of Hemodiafiltration or Hemodialysis on Mortality in Kidney Failure.
作者: Peter J Blankestijn.;Robin W M Vernooij.;Carinna Hockham.;Giovanni F M Strippoli.;Bernard Canaud.;Jörgen Hegbrant.;Claudia Barth.;Adrian Covic.;Krister Cromm.;Andrea Cucui.;Andrew Davenport.;Matthias Rose.;Marietta Török.;Mark Woodward.;Michiel L Bots.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷8期700-709页
Several studies have suggested that patients with kidney failure may benefit from high-dose hemodiafiltration as compared with standard hemodialysis. However, given the limitations of the various published studies, additional data are needed.
478. Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy.
作者: A Michael Lincoff.;Shalender Bhasin.;Panagiotis Flevaris.;Lisa M Mitchell.;Shehzad Basaria.;William E Boden.;Glenn R Cunningham.;Christopher B Granger.;Mohit Khera.;Ian M Thompson.;Qiuqing Wang.;Kathy Wolski.;Deborah Davey.;Vidyasagar Kalahasti.;Nader Khan.;Michael G Miller.;Michael C Snabes.;Anna Chan.;Elena Dubcenco.;Xue Li.;Tingting Yi.;Bidan Huang.;Karol M Pencina.;Thomas G Travison.;Steven E Nissen.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷2期107-117页
The cardiovascular safety of testosterone-replacement therapy in middle-aged and older men with hypogonadism has not been determined.
479. Mild Hypercapnia or Normocapnia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.
作者: Glenn Eastwood.;Alistair D Nichol.;Carol Hodgson.;Rachael L Parke.;Shay McGuinness.;Niklas Nielsen.;Stephen Bernard.;Markus B Skrifvars.;Dion Stub.;Fabio S Taccone.;John Archer.;Demetrios Kutsogiannis.;Josef Dankiewicz.;Gisela Lilja.;Tobias Cronberg.;Hans Kirkegaard.;Gilles Capellier.;Giovanni Landoni.;Janneke Horn.;Theresa Olasveengen.;Yaseen Arabi.;Yew Woon Chia.;Andrej Markota.;Matthias Hænggi.;Matt P Wise.;Anders M Grejs.;Steffen Christensen.;Heidi Munk-Andersen.;Asger Granfeldt.;Geir Ø Andersen.;Eirik Qvigstad.;Arnljot Flaa.;Matthew Thomas.;Katie Sweet.;Jeremy Bewley.;Minna Bäcklund.;Marjaana Tiainen.;Manuela Iten.;Anja Levis.;Leah Peck.;James Walsham.;Adam Deane.;Angajendra Ghosh.;Filippo Annoni.;Yan Chen.;David Knight.;Eden Lesona.;Haytham Tlayjeh.;Franc Svenšek.;Peter J McGuigan.;Jade Cole.;David Pogson.;Matthias P Hilty.;Joachim P Düring.;Michael J Bailey.;Eldho Paul.;Bridget Ady.;Kate Ainscough.;Anna Hunt.;Sinéad Monahan.;Tony Trapani.;Ciara Fahey.;Rinaldo Bellomo.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷1期45-57页
Guidelines recommend normocapnia for adults with coma who are resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, mild hypercapnia increases cerebral blood flow and may improve neurologic outcomes.
480. Dexamethasone versus Surgery for Chronic Subdural Hematoma.
作者: Ishita P Miah.;Dana C Holl.;Jurre Blaauw.;Hester F Lingsma.;Heleen M den Hertog.;Bram Jacobs.;Nyika D Kruyt.;Joukje van der Naalt.;Suzanne Polinder.;Rob J M Groen.;Kuan H Kho.;Fop van Kooten.;Clemens M F Dirven.;Wilco C Peul.;Korné Jellema.;Ruben Dammers.;Niels A van der Gaag.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年388卷24期2230-2240页
The role of glucocorticoids without surgical evacuation in the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma is unclear.
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