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441. Treatment effects of low-dose theophylline combined with an inhaled corticosteroid in COPD.
作者: Paul A Ford.;Andrew L Durham.;Richard E K Russell.;Fabiana Gordon.;Ian M Adcock.;Peter J Barnes.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷6期1338-44页
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have proved disappointing at reducing airway inflammation in COPD. However, previous studies indicate that low doses of theophylline enhance the activity of a key corticosteroid-associated corepressor protein, histone deacetylase (HDAC)2, which is reduced in COPD. This may account, at least in part, for the relative corticosteroid resistance. Thus, combination therapy with an ICS and low-dose theophylline may be of benefit in the treatment of COPD.
442. Upper limb exercises using varied workloads and their association with dynamic hyperinflation in patients with COPD.
作者: Marcelo Colucci.;Felipe Cortopassi.;Elias Porto.;Antonio Castro.;Eduardo Colucci.;Vinicius Carlos Iamonti.;Gerson Souza.;Oliver Nascimento.;José R Jardim.
来源: Chest. 2010年138卷1期39-46页
Increased ventilation during upper limb exercises (ULE) in patients with COPD is associated with dynamic hyperinflation (DH) and a decrease in inspiratory capacity (IC). The best level of ULE load training is still unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the dynamic hyperinflation development during ULE using three constant workloads.
443. Outcomes of home-based diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.
作者: Robert P Skomro.;John Gjevre.;John Reid.;Brian McNab.;Sunita Ghosh.;Maryla Stiles.;Ruzica Jokic.;Heather Ward.;David Cotton.
来源: Chest. 2010年138卷2期257-63页
Home diagnosis and therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may improve access to testing and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. We compared subjective sleepiness, sleep quality, quality of life, BP, and CPAP adherence after 4 weeks of CPAP therapy in subjects in whom OSA was diagnosed and treated at home and in those evaluated in the sleep laboratory.
444. Medical thoracoscopy vs CT scan-guided Abrams pleural needle biopsy for diagnosis of patients with pleural effusions: a randomized, controlled trial.
作者: Muzaffer Metintas.;Guntulu Ak.;Emine Dundar.;Huseyin Yildirim.;Ragip Ozkan.;Emel Kurt.;Sinan Erginel.;Fusun Alatas.;Selma Metintas.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷6期1362-8页
In cases of pleural effusion, tissue samples can be obtained through Abrams needle pleural biopsy (ANPB), thoracoscopy, or cutting-needle pleural biopsy under the guidance of CT scan (CT-CNPB) for histopathologic analysis. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic efficiency and reliability of ANPB under CT scan guidance (CT-ANPB) with that of medical thoracoscopy in patients with pleural effusion.
445. The effects of hypoxia on markers of coagulation and systemic inflammation in patients with COPD.
作者: Ramsey Sabit.;Paul Thomas.;Dennis J Shale.;Peter Collins.;Seamus J Linnane.
来源: Chest. 2010年138卷1期47-51页
It has been demonstrated that there is an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) during air travel on flights of long duration. Patients with COPD are also at increased risk of VTE, particularly during exacerbations, possibly because of a hypercoagulable state secondary to hypoxia and/or heightened systemic inflammation. We investigated the effects of hypoxia on indices of coagulation and systemic inflammation in patients with COPD.
446. Helmet continuous positive airway pressure vs oxygen therapy to improve oxygenation in community-acquired pneumonia: a randomized, controlled trial.
作者: Roberto Cosentini.;Anna Maria Brambilla.;Stefano Aliberti.;Angelo Bignamini.;Stefano Nava.;Antonino Maffei.;Renato Martinotti.;Paolo Tarsia.;Valter Monzani.;Paolo Pelosi.
来源: Chest. 2010年138卷1期114-20页
Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) delivered by helmet in improving oxygenation in comparison with oxygen therapy in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
447. Advantages of endurance treadmill walking compared with cycling to assess bronchodilator therapy.
作者: Xiaolei Zhang.;Laurie A Waterman.;Joseph Ward.;John C Baird.;Donald A Mahler.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷6期1354-61页
Walking is a familiar daily activity that is generally limited by breathlessness, whereas cycling is an uncommon physical effort typically limited by leg discomfort. The hypothesis was that patients with COPD would exhibit greater improvements in exercise endurance and relief of breathlessness with bronchodilator therapy during treadmill walking compared with cycling.
448. Oral immunotherapy with inactivated nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae reduces severity of acute exacerbations in severe COPD.
作者: Maharaj Kishore Tandon.;Martin Phillips.;Grant Waterer.;Margaret Dunkley.;Phillip Comans.;Robert Clancy.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷4期805-11页
Acute exacerbations of COPD reflect in part an inappropriate host response to abnormal bacterial colonization. Orally administered inactivated nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) can drive a specific T-cell response that by promoting intrabronchial phagocytosis down-regulates bronchus inflammation.
449. Treatment of scleroderma-interstitial lung disease with cyclophosphamide is associated with less progressive fibrosis on serial thoracic high-resolution CT scan than placebo: findings from the scleroderma lung study.
作者: Jonathan Goldin.;Robert Elashoff.;Hyun J Kim.;Xaiohong Yan.;David Lynch.;Diane Strollo.;Michael D Roth.;Philip Clements.;Daniel E Furst.;Dinesh Khanna.;Srainnapha Vasunilashorn.;Gang Li.;Donald P Tashkin.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷5期1333-1340页
The Scleroderma Lung Study (SLS) demonstrated significant treatment-associated improvements in pulmonary function and symptoms when patients with scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) were treated with a 1-year course of cyclophosphamide (CYC) in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. This study examined thoracic high-resolution CT (HRCT) scans obtained during the SLS for treatment-associated changes over time.
450. Inhaled mannitol improves the hydration and surface properties of sputum in patients with cystic fibrosis.
作者: Evangelia Daviskas.;Sandra D Anderson.;Anna Jaques.;Brett Charlton.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷4期861-8页
The airway mucus in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is dehydrated and adhesive and accumulates in the airways, resulting in chronic inflammation, infection, and progressive loss of lung function. Inhaled mannitol improves mucus clearance and, when administered over 2 weeks, it improves lung function in CF (Jaques et al. Chest. 2008;133(6):1388-1396). The changes in the physical properties of sputum after a 2-week treatment with mannitol were investigated in the same subjects with CF.
451. Prognostic and pathogenetic value of combining clinical and biochemical indices in patients with acute lung injury.
作者: Lorraine B Ware.;Tatsuki Koyama.;D Dean Billheimer.;William Wu.;Gordon R Bernard.;B Taylor Thompson.;Roy G Brower.;Theodore J Standiford.;Thomas R Martin.;Michael A Matthay.; .
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷2期288-96页
No single clinical or biologic marker reliably predicts clinical outcomes in acute lung injury (ALI)/ARDS. We hypothesized that a combination of biologic and clinical markers would be superior to either biomarkers or clinical factors alone in predicting ALI/ARDS mortality and would provide insight into the pathogenesis of clinical ALI/ARDS.
452. Central and peripheral airway sites of nitric oxide gas exchange in COPD.
作者: Arthur F Gelb.;Colleen Flynn Taylor.;Anita Krishnan.;Christine Fraser.;Chris M Shinar.;Mark J Schein.;Kathryn Osann.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷3期575-84页
This study investigated sites of nitric oxide (NO) gas exchange and response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in patients with COPD and varying extents of emphysema.
453. The effect of active and passive household cigarette smoke exposure on pregnant women with asthma.
作者: Roger B Newman.;Valerija Momirova.;Mitchell P Dombrowski.;Michael Schatz.;Robert Wise.;Mark Landon.;Dwight J Rouse.;Marshall Lindheimer.;Steve N Caritis.;Jeanne Sheffield.;Menachem Miodovnik.;Ronald J Wapner.;Michael W Varner.;Mary Jo O'Sullivan.;Deborah L Conway.; .
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷3期601-8页
The article was designed to estimate the effect of active and passive household cigarette smoke exposure on asthma severity and obstetric and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with asthma.
454. The relationship between chest tube size and clinical outcome in pleural infection.
作者: Najib M Rahman.;Nicholas A Maskell.;Christopher W H Davies.;Emma L Hedley.;Andrew J Nunn.;Fergus V Gleeson.;Robert J O Davies.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷3期536-43页
The optimal choice of chest tube size for the treatment of pleural infection is unknown, with only small cohort studies reported describing the efficacy and adverse events of different tube sizes.
455. Latent TB infection treatment acceptance and completion in the United States and Canada.
作者: C Robert Horsburgh.;Stefan Goldberg.;James Bethel.;Shande Chen.;Paul W Colson.;Yael Hirsch-Moverman.;Stephen Hughes.;Robin Shrestha-Kuwahara.;Timothy R Sterling.;Kirsten Wall.;Paul Weinfurter.; .
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷2期401-9页
Treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) is essential for preventing TB in North America, but acceptance and completion of this treatment have not been systematically assessed.
456. Predictors of symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression in family members after patient death in the ICU.
作者: Cynthia J Gries.;Ruth A Engelberg.;Erin K Kross.;Doug Zatzick.;Elizabeth L Nielsen.;Lois Downey.;J Randall Curtis.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷2期280-7页
Patients' deaths in the ICU have been associated with a high burden of psychologic symptoms in families. This study identifies characteristics associated with psychologic symptoms in family members.
457. Noninvasive ventilation reduces intubation in chest trauma-related hypoxemia: a randomized clinical trial.
作者: Gonzalo Hernandez.;Rafael Fernandez.;Pilar Lopez-Reina.;Rafael Cuena.;Ana Pedrosa.;Ramon Ortiz.;Paloma Hiradier.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷1期74-80页
Guidelines for noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) recommend continuous positive airway pressure in patients with thoracic trauma who remain hypoxic despite regional anesthesia. This recommendation is rated only by level C evidence because randomized controlled trials in this specific population are lacking. Our aim was to determine whether NIMV reduces intubation in severe trauma-related hypoxemia.
458. Once-daily evening dosing of mometasone furoate administered via a dry powder inhaler does not adversely affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
作者: Teddy Kosoglou.;David L Cutler.;Heribert Staudinger.;Jerry M Herron.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷1期115-21页
Inhaled corticosteroids can suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis with long-term exposure. This study reports the effects of moderate-dose (400 microg) mometasone furoate administered via dry powder inhaler (MF-DPI) once daily in the evening on the HPA axis in adults with mild to moderate asthma.
459. Efficacy and safety of low dose recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator for the treatment of acute pulmonary thromboembolism: a randomized, multicenter, controlled trial.
作者: Chen Wang.;Zhenguo Zhai.;Yuanhua Yang.;Qi Wu.;Zhaozhong Cheng.;Lirong Liang.;Huaping Dai.;Kewu Huang.;Weixuan Lu.;Zhonghe Zhang.;Xiansheng Cheng.;Ying H Shen.; .
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷2期254-62页
Optimal dosing of the recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is important in treating pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of a 50 mg/2 h rt-PA regimen with a 100 mg/2 h rt-PA regimen in patients with acute PTE.
460. The effects of inhaled budesonide on lung function in smokers and nonsmokers with mild persistent asthma.
作者: Paul M O'Byrne.;Carl Johan Lamm.;William W Busse.;Wan C Tan.;Søren Pedersen.; .
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷6期1514-1520页
Previous studies have suggested a reduced benefit from therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) in asthmatic patients who smoke. The objective of this post hoc study was to study the effects of low-dose inhaled budesonide on lung function in smokers and nonsmokers with mild persistent asthma.
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