The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between hematocrit levels and the mortality of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), since limited research has examined this association in intensive care unit (ICU).

Optimal treat-to-target strategies for Crohn's disease (CD) are still being sought. The value of video capsule endoscopy (VCE) to guide proactive treat-to-target optimization in CD was examined.

Spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSSs) are common among patients with liver cirrhosis. These vascular structures are collateral veins that directly connect the portal vein system with the systemic circulation. The prevalence increases as cirrhosis worsens. Published studies exist investigating the possible association between presence and extension of SPSSs and clinical manifestation of liver cirrhosis, however some issues continue to be debated. Recent research on this topic has extended knowledge and brought out interesting new aspects. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and updated revision of the role of SPSSs in liver cirrhosis, from pathophysiology to clinical and therapeutic considerations, specifically addressing the most controversial and emerging findings. On this purpose PubMed and Medline were used as data sources and an extensive review of the literature, including the most recent and relevant published studies, was performed. The presence of SPSSs, especially if multiple and/or large, is associated with an increased risk of developing several complications of liver cirrhosis. Patients with higher MELD have larger SPSSs with negative impact on survival. Regarding hepatocellular carcinoma, there is evidence suggesting a potential tumorigenic effect associated with SPSSs, but further investigations on humans are needed. In the context of liver transplantation, the negative effect of SPSSs on graft function and patients' survival is a matter of debate, with no consensus on their surgical management. Currently, several interventional treatments have been proposed for SPSSs that have demonstrated excellent outcomes in selected populations.

To assess the real-life, long-term effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib in a large cohort of patients with refractory or difficult-to-treat ulcerative colitis (UC).

This study investigates the role of interhospital transfer (IHT) in lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) management and its impact on patient outcomes, focusing on mortality rates, complication occurrences, procedural performance, and resource utilization in patients diagnosed with LGIB.

The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index serves as a dependable marker for insulin resistance and has shown a significant correlation with the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). However, no research exists regarding the association between the TyG index and the development of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in AP. This study assesses the association between TyG index and ARF in patients with AP.

Cholestasis, characterized by impaired bile flow, impacts cognitive function through systemic mechanisms, including inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. Despite its significance, targeted predictive models for cognitive impairment in cholestasis remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by developing a machine learning-based predictive model tailored to this population.

This study aims to identify specific bile acids with potential early diagnostic value for acute pancreatitis (AP) and to provide a foundation for improved early diagnosis and the development of future therapeutic targets.

Liver biopsy is a procedure whereby a biopsy needle is used to extract tissue from the liver parenchyma or focal lesions of the liver for pathological or microbiological examination. Percutaneous liver biopsy(PC-LB) is the most commonly employed and least expensive modality. However, it is associated with a significant risk of bleeding complications, which may potentially result in patient mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Absorbable Gelatin Sponge sheet filler agent (AGS-SFA) in preventing bleeding complications during liver tissue biopsy and to validate a cost-effective surgical technique.

Thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7 A (THSD7A) expression, an angiogenesis-related protein, has been implicated in various aspects of cancer progression, reflecting its potential as a prognostic marker for various cancers. Therefore, we investigated the prognostic value of THSD7A expression in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Micronutrient deficiency is commonly observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet the role of certain dietary trace elements in the risk of IBD development remains unclear.

Various studies have shown that the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score contributes to assessing the prognosis of cancer patients. This study aimed to establish a nomogram based on the CONUT score and several other important parameters based on patient age and tumor characteristics to accurately forecast the overall survival (OS) of patients with resectable gastric cancer (GC).

Metastatic cancers arise from a decades-long succession of increasingly virulent precursor lesions, each of which represents prospective targets for therapeutic intervention. This evolutionary process has been particularly vivid in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), as this cancer and associated precursor lesions, including Barrett's esophagus (BE), low-grade dysplasia (LGD), and high-grade dysplasia (HGD), coexist in an accessible, 2-dimensional pattern in esophageal mucosa. Given the durability of these precursor lesions, it is likely that they, like EAC, rely on stem cells for their regenerative growth. To assess the role of stem cells in the evolution of EAC, we apply technology that selectively clones stem cells from the gastrointestinal tract to patient-matched endoscopic biopsies from each of the precursor lesions implicated in EAC.

In this survey, we compared endoscopists' approach to treatment of gastroesophageal varices (GOV) in patients with cirrhosis between developed and developing countries. The objective of this study was to undertake a comparative analysis of the approaches employed by endoscopists in developed and developing countries with regard to the treatment of GOV in patients with cirrhosis.

This study aimed to explore the clinical factors associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and survival in T2 colon cancer.

The RCT study on the efficacy of continuous active warming (CAW) in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy is scarce. The purpose of this research was to determine if a significant difference between continuous active warming (CAW) and active warming when body temperature is below 36 °C (BAW) in terms of incidence of intraoperative hypothermia and clinical rehabilitation in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy surgery.

Pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, has shown potential for treating advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. This meta-analysis evaluates its efficacy and safety, alone or combined with chemotherapy, in this population.

Radiation-induced enteritis develops in cancer patients treated with radiotherapy in the abdominal and pelvic cavity, a condition that impairs their quality of life. Radiation injury depletes proliferative intestinal stem cells; in response to this, the epithelium activates a regenerative program that facilitates the healing of the intestine. However, the mechanisms that induce the activation of the intestinal regenerative program are poorly characterized.