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401. Two Phase 3 Trials of Gantenerumab in Early Alzheimer's Disease.
作者: Randall J Bateman.;Janice Smith.;Michael C Donohue.;Paul Delmar.;Rachid Abbas.;Stephen Salloway.;Jakub Wojtowicz.;Kaj Blennow.;Tobias Bittner.;Sandra E Black.;Gregory Klein.;Mercè Boada.;Timo Grimmer.;Akira Tamaoka.;Richard J Perry.;R Scott Turner.;David Watson.;Michael Woodward.;Angeliki Thanasopoulou.;Christopher Lane.;Monika Baudler.;Nick C Fox.;Jeffrey L Cummings.;Paulo Fontoura.;Rachelle S Doody.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷20期1862-1876页
Monoclonal antibodies that target amyloid-beta (Aβ) have the potential to slow cognitive and functional decline in persons with early Alzheimer's disease. Gantenerumab is a subcutaneously administered, fully human, anti-Aβ IgG1 monoclonal antibody with highest affinity for aggregated Aβ that has been tested for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
402. Efficacy and Safety of Elafibranor in Primary Biliary Cholangitis.
作者: Kris V Kowdley.;Christopher L Bowlus.;Cynthia Levy.;Ulus S Akarca.;Mario Reis Alvares-da-Silva.;Pietro Andreone.;Marco Arrese.;Christophe Corpechot.;Sven M Francque.;Michael A Heneghan.;Pietro Invernizzi.;David Jones.;Frederik C Kruger.;Eric Lawitz.;Marlyn J Mayo.;Mitchell L Shiffman.;Mark G Swain.;José Miguel Valera.;Victor Vargas.;John M Vierling.;Alejandra Villamil.;Carol Addy.;Julie Dietrich.;Jean-Michel Germain.;Sarah Mazain.;Dragutin Rafailovic.;Bachirou Taddé.;Benjamin Miller.;Jianfen Shu.;Claudia O Zein.;Jörn M Schattenberg.; .; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷9期795-805页
Primary biliary cholangitis is a rare, chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by the destruction of interlobular bile ducts, leading to cholestasis and liver fibrosis. Whether elafibranor, an oral, dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α and δ agonist, may have benefit as a treatment for primary biliary cholangitis is unknown.
403. Restrictive or Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Myocardial Infarction and Anemia.
作者: Jeffrey L Carson.;Maria Mori Brooks.;Paul C Hébert.;Shaun G Goodman.;Marnie Bertolet.;Simone A Glynn.;Bernard R Chaitman.;Tabassome Simon.;Renato D Lopes.;Andrew M Goldsweig.;Andrew P DeFilippis.;J Dawn Abbott.;Brian J Potter.;Francois Martin Carrier.;Sunil V Rao.;Howard A Cooper.;Shahab Ghafghazi.;Dean A Fergusson.;William J Kostis.;Helaine Noveck.;Sarang Kim.;Meechai Tessalee.;Gregory Ducrocq.;Pedro Gabriel Melo de Barros E Silva.;Darrell J Triulzi.;Caroline Alsweiler.;Mark A Menegus.;John D Neary.;Lynn Uhl.;Jordan B Strom.;Christopher B Fordyce.;Emile Ferrari.;Johanne Silvain.;Frances O Wood.;Benoit Daneault.;Tamar S Polonsky.;Manohara Senaratne.;Etienne Puymirat.;Claire Bouleti.;Benoit Lattuca.;Harvey D White.;Sheryl F Kelsey.;P Gabriel Steg.;John H Alexander.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷26期2446-2456页
A strategy of administering a transfusion only when the hemoglobin level falls below 7 or 8 g per deciliter has been widely adopted. However, patients with acute myocardial infarction may benefit from a higher hemoglobin level.
404. Apixaban for Stroke Prevention in Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation.
作者: Jeff S Healey.;Renato D Lopes.;Christopher B Granger.;Marco Alings.;Lena Rivard.;William F McIntyre.;Dan Atar.;David H Birnie.;Giuseppe Boriani.;A John Camm.;David Conen.;Julia W Erath.;Michael R Gold.;Stefan H Hohnloser.;John Ip.;Josef Kautzner.;Valentina Kutyifa.;Cecilia Linde.;Philippe Mabo.;Georges Mairesse.;Juan Benezet Mazuecos.;Jens Cosedis Nielsen.;Francois Philippon.;Marco Proietti.;Christian Sticherling.;Jorge A Wong.;David J Wright.;Ignatius G Zarraga.;Shelagh B Coutts.;Andrew Kaplan.;Marta Pombo.;Felix Ayala-Paredes.;Lizhen Xu.;Kim Simek.;Sandra Nevills.;Rajibul Mian.;Stuart J Connolly.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷2期107-117页
Subclinical atrial fibrillation is short-lasting and asymptomatic and can usually be detected only by long-term continuous monitoring with pacemakers or defibrillators. Subclinical atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of stroke by a factor of 2.5; however, treatment with oral anticoagulation is of uncertain benefit.
405. Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes.
作者: A Michael Lincoff.;Kirstine Brown-Frandsen.;Helen M Colhoun.;John Deanfield.;Scott S Emerson.;Sille Esbjerg.;Søren Hardt-Lindberg.;G Kees Hovingh.;Steven E Kahn.;Robert F Kushner.;Ildiko Lingvay.;Tugce K Oral.;Marie M Michelsen.;Jorge Plutzky.;Christoffer W Tornøe.;Donna H Ryan.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷24期2221-2232页
Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has been shown to reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. Whether semaglutide can reduce cardiovascular risk associated with overweight and obesity in the absence of diabetes is unknown.
406. Trial of Botulinum Toxin for Isolated or Essential Head Tremor.
作者: Ana Marques.;Bruno Pereira.;Marion Simonetta-Moreau.;Giovanni Castelnovo.;Marie De Verdal.;Frédérique Fluchère.;Chloé Laurencin.;Bertrand Degos.;Mélissa Tir.;Alexandre Kreisler.;Geneviève Blanchet-Fourcade.;Dominique Guehl.;Olivier Colin.;Aurelia Poujois.;Sophie Sangla.;Laurent Tatu.;Philippe Derost.;Dominique Gayraud.;Christine Tranchant.;David Amarantini.;David Devos.;Olivier Rascol.;Jean-Christophe Corvol.;Franck Durif.;Isabelle Rieu.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷19期1753-1765页
Local injections of botulinum toxin type A have been used to treat essential head tremor but have not been extensively studied in randomized trials.
407. Osimertinib with or without Chemotherapy in EGFR-Mutated Advanced NSCLC.
作者: David Planchard.;Pasi A Jänne.;Ying Cheng.;James C-H Yang.;Noriko Yanagitani.;Sang-We Kim.;Shunichi Sugawara.;Yan Yu.;Yun Fan.;Sarayut L Geater.;Konstantin Laktionov.;Chee K Lee.;Natalia Valdiviezo.;Samreen Ahmed.;Jean-Marc Maurel.;Igor Andrasina.;Jonathan Goldman.;Dana Ghiorghiu.;Yuri Rukazenkov.;Alex Todd.;Kunihiko Kobayashi.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷21期1935-1948页
Osimertinib is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) that is selective for EGFR-TKI-sensitizing and EGFR T790M resistance mutations. Evidence suggests that the addition of chemotherapy may extend the benefits of EGFR-TKI therapy.
408. Sparsentan versus Irbesartan in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.
作者: Michelle N Rheault.;Charles E Alpers.;Jonathan Barratt.;Stewart Bieler.;Pietro Canetta.;Dong-Wan Chae.;Gaia Coppock.;Ulysses Diva.;Loreto Gesualdo.;Hiddo J L Heerspink.;Jula K Inrig.;Gianna M Kirsztajn.;Donald Kohan.;Radko Komers.;Laura A Kooienga.;Kenneth Lieberman.;Alex Mercer.;Irene L Noronha.;Vlado Perkovic.;Jai Radhakrishnan.;William Rote.;Brad Rovin.;Vladimir Tesar.;Hernán Trimarchi.;James Tumlin.;Muh Geot Wong.;Howard Trachtman.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷26期2436-2445页
An unmet need exists for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) treatment. In an 8-week, phase 2 trial, sparsentan, a dual endothelin-angiotensin receptor antagonist, reduced proteinuria in patients with FSGS. The efficacy and safety of longer-term treatment with sparsentan for FSGS are unknown.
409. A Phase 2 Trial of Sibeprenlimab in Patients with IgA Nephropathy.
作者: Mohit Mathur.;Jonathan Barratt.;Bobby Chacko.;Tak Mao Chan.;Laura Kooienga.;Kook-Hwan Oh.;Manisha Sahay.;Yusuke Suzuki.;Muh Geot Wong.;Jill Yarbrough.;Jing Xia.;Brian J G Pereira.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷1期20-31页
A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) is implicated in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. Sibeprenlimab is a humanized IgG2 monoclonal antibody that binds to and neutralizes APRIL.
410. Thalidomide for Recurrent Bleeding Due to Small-Intestinal Angiodysplasia.
作者: Huimin Chen.;Shan Wu.;Mingyu Tang.;Ran Zhao.;Qingwei Zhang.;Zihao Dai.;Yunjie Gao.;Shiming Yang.;Zhaoshen Li.;Yiqi Du.;Aiming Yang.;Liang Zhong.;Lungen Lu.;Leiming Xu.;Xizhong Shen.;Side Liu.;Jie Zhong.;Xiaobo Li.;Hong Lu.;Hua Xiong.;Yufeng Shen.;Haiying Chen.;Shuai Gong.;Hanbing Xue.;Zhizheng Ge.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷18期1649-1659页
Recurrent bleeding from the small intestine accounts for 5 to 10% of cases of gastrointestinal bleeding and remains a therapeutic challenge. Thalidomide has been evaluated for the treatment of recurrent bleeding due to small-intestinal angiodysplasia (SIA), but confirmatory trials are lacking.
411. Convalescent Plasma for Covid-19-Induced ARDS in Mechanically Ventilated Patients.
作者: Benoît Misset.;Michael Piagnerelli.;Eric Hoste.;Nadia Dardenne.;David Grimaldi.;Isabelle Michaux.;Elisabeth De Waele.;Alexander Dumoulin.;Philippe G Jorens.;Emmanuel van der Hauwaert.;Frédéric Vallot.;Stoffel Lamote.;Walter Swinnen.;Nicolas De Schryver.;Vincent Fraipont.;Nathalie de Mey.;Nicolas Dauby.;Nathalie Layios.;Jean-Baptiste Mesland.;Geert Meyfroidt.;Michel Moutschen.;Veerle Compernolle.;André Gothot.;Daniel Desmecht.;Maria I Taveira da Silva Pereira.;Mutien Garigliany.;Tome Najdovski.;Axelle Bertrand.;Anne-Françoise Donneau.;Pierre-François Laterre.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷17期1590-1600页
Passive immunization with plasma collected from convalescent patients has been regularly used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Minimal data are available regarding the use of convalescent plasma in patients with Covid-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
412. Phase 3 Trial of Nemolizumab in Patients with Prurigo Nodularis.
作者: Shawn G Kwatra.;Gil Yosipovitch.;Franz J Legat.;Adam Reich.;Carle Paul.;Dagmar Simon.;Luigi Naldi.;Charles Lynde.;Marjolein S De Bruin-Weller.;Walter K Nahm.;Maxwell Sauder.;Rola Gharib.;Sebastien Barbarot.;Jacek C Szepietowski.;Curdin Conrad.;Alan Fleischer.;Vivian T Laquer.;Laurent Misery.;Esther Serra-Baldrich.;Hilde Lapeere.;Faiz Ahmad.;Zarif K Jabbar Lopez.;Christophe Piketty.;Sonja Ständer.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷17期1579-1589页
Prurigo nodularis is a chronic, debilitating, and severely pruritic neuroimmunologic skin disease. Nemolizumab, an interleukin-31 receptor alpha antagonist, down-regulates key pathways in the pathogenesis of prurigo nodularis.
413. Patisiran Treatment in Patients with Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis.
作者: Mathew S Maurer.;Parag Kale.;Marianna Fontana.;John L Berk.;Martha Grogan.;Finn Gustafsson.;Rebecca R Hung.;Robert L Gottlieb.;Thibaud Damy.;Alejandra González-Duarte.;Nitasha Sarswat.;Yoshiki Sekijima.;Nobuhiro Tahara.;Mark S Taylor.;Milos Kubanek.;Erwan Donal.;Tomas Palecek.;Kenichi Tsujita.;W H Wilson Tang.;Wen-Chung Yu.;Laura Obici.;Marcus Simões.;Fábio Fernandes.;Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen.;Igor Diemberger.;Federico Perfetto.;Scott D Solomon.;Marcelo Di Carli.;Prajakta Badri.;Matthew T White.;Jihong Chen.;Elena Yureneva.;Marianne T Sweetser.;Patrick Y Jay.;Pushkal P Garg.;John Vest.;Julian D Gillmore.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷17期1553-1565页
Transthyretin amyloidosis, also called ATTR amyloidosis, is associated with accumulation of ATTR amyloid deposits in the heart and commonly manifests as progressive cardiomyopathy. Patisiran, an RNA interference therapeutic agent, inhibits the production of hepatic transthyretin.
414. Drug-Eluting Resorbable Scaffold versus Angioplasty for Infrapopliteal Artery Disease.
作者: Ramon L Varcoe.;Brian G DeRubertis.;Raghu Kolluri.;Prakash Krishnan.;David C Metzger.;Marc P Bonaca.;Mehdi H Shishehbor.;Andrew H Holden.;Danielle R Bajakian.;Lawrence A Garcia.;Steven W C Kum.;John Rundback.;Ehrin Armstrong.;Jen-Kuang Lee.;Yazan Khatib.;Ido Weinberg.;Hector M Garcia-Garcia.;Karine Ruster.;Nutte T Teraphongphom.;Yan Zheng.;Jin Wang.;Jennifer M Jones-McMeans.;Sahil A Parikh.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2024年390卷1期9-19页
Among patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) and infrapopliteal artery disease, angioplasty has been associated with frequent reintervention and adverse limb outcomes from restenosis. The effect of the use of drug-eluting resorbable scaffolds on these outcomes remains unknown.
415. Inhaled Amikacin to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.
作者: Stephan Ehrmann.;François Barbier.;Julien Demiselle.;Jean-Pierre Quenot.;Jean-Etienne Herbrecht.;Damien Roux.;Jean-Claude Lacherade.;Mickaël Landais.;Philippe Seguin.;David Schnell.;Anne Veinstein.;Philippe Gouin.;Sigismond Lasocki.;Qin Lu.;Gaëtan Beduneau.;Martine Ferrandiere.;Gaëtan Plantefève.;Claire Dahyot-Fizelier.;Nader Chebib.;Emmanuelle Mercier.;Nathalie Heuzé-Vourc'h.;Renaud Respaud.;Nicolas Gregoire.;Denis Garot.;Mai-Anh Nay.;Ferhat Meziani.;Pascal Andreu.;Raphaël Clere-Jehl.;Noémie Zucman.;Marie-Ange Azaïs.;Marjorie Saint-Martin.;Charlotte Salmon Gandonnière.;Dalila Benzekri.;Hamid Merdji.;Elsa Tavernier.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷22期2052-2062页
Whether preventive inhaled antibiotics may reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia is unclear.
416. Simvastatin in Critically Ill Patients with Covid-19.
作者: .;Thomas E Hills.;Elizabeth Lorenzi.;Lindsay R Berry.;Murali Shyamsundar.;Farah Al-Beidh.;Djillali Annane.;Yaseen Arabi.;Diptesh Aryal.;Carly Au.;Abigail Beane.;Zahra Bhimani.;Marc Bonten.;Charlotte A Bradbury.;Frank M Brunkhorst.;Aidan Burrell.;Meredith Buxton.;Carolyn S Calfee.;Maurizio Cecconi.;Allen C Cheng.;Matthew E Cove.;Michelle A Detry.;Lise J Estcourt.;Mark Fitzgerald.;Ewan C Goligher.;Herman Goossens.;Cameron Green.;Rashan Haniffa.;David A Harrison.;Madiha Hashmi.;Alisa M Higgins.;Christopher Horvat.;David T Huang.;Nao Ichihara.;Deva Jayakumar.;Peter S Kruger.;François Lamontagne.;Lamprini Lampro.;Patrick R Lawler.;John C Marshall.;Alexina J Mason.;Anna McGlothlin.;Shay McGuinness.;Zoe K McQuilten.;Bryan J McVerry.;Paul R Mouncey.;Srinivas Murthy.;Matthew D Neal.;Alistair D Nichol.;Cecilia M O'Kane.;Rachael L Parke.;Jane C Parker.;Ebenezer Rabindrarajan.;Luis F Reyes.;Kathryn M Rowan.;Hiroki Saito.;Marlene Santos.;Christina T Saunders.;Christopher W Seymour.;Manu Shankar-Hari.;Pratik Sinha.;B Taylor Thompson.;Alexis F Turgeon.;Anne M Turner.;Frank van de Veerdonk.;Sebastian Weis.;Ian S Young.;Ryan Zarychanski.;Roger J Lewis.;Colin J McArthur.;Derek C Angus.;Scott M Berry.;Lennie P G Derde.;Steve A Webb.;Anthony C Gordon.;Daniel F McAuley.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷25期2341-2354页
The efficacy of simvastatin in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is unclear.
417. Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients at Five Years.
作者: Michael J Mack.;Martin B Leon.;Vinod H Thourani.;Philippe Pibarot.;Rebecca T Hahn.;Philippe Genereux.;Susheel K Kodali.;Samir R Kapadia.;David J Cohen.;Stuart J Pocock.;Michael Lu.;Roseann White.;Molly Szerlip.;Julien Ternacle.;S Chris Malaisrie.;Howard C Herrmann.;Wilson Y Szeto.;Mark J Russo.;Vasilis Babaliaros.;Craig R Smith.;Philipp Blanke.;John G Webb.;Raj Makkar.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷21期1949-1960页
A previous analysis in this trial showed that among patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis who were at low surgical risk, the rate of the composite end point of death, stroke, or rehospitalization at 1 year was significantly lower with transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) than with surgical aortic-valve replacement. Longer-term outcomes are unknown.
418. Amivantamab plus Chemotherapy in NSCLC with EGFR Exon 20 Insertions.
作者: Caicun Zhou.;Ke-Jing Tang.;Byoung Chul Cho.;Baogang Liu.;Luis Paz-Ares.;Susanna Cheng.;Satoru Kitazono.;Muthukkumaran Thiagarajan.;Jonathan W Goldman.;Joshua K Sabari.;Rachel E Sanborn.;Aaron S Mansfield.;Jen-Yu Hung.;Michael Boyer.;Sanjay Popat.;Josiane Mourão Dias.;Enriqueta Felip.;Margarita Majem.;Mahmut Gumus.;Sang-We Kim.;Akira Ono.;John Xie.;Archan Bhattacharya.;Trishala Agrawal.;S Martin Shreeve.;Roland E Knoblauch.;Keunchil Park.;Nicolas Girard.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷22期2039-2051页
Amivantamab has been approved for the treatment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertions who have had disease progression during or after platinum-based chemotherapy. Phase 1 data showed the safety and antitumor activity of amivantamab plus carboplatin-pemetrexed (chemotherapy). Additional data on this combination therapy are needed.
419. Perioperative Durvalumab for Resectable Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
作者: John V Heymach.;David Harpole.;Tetsuya Mitsudomi.;Janis M Taube.;Gabriella Galffy.;Maximilian Hochmair.;Thomas Winder.;Ruslan Zukov.;Gabriel Garbaos.;Shugeng Gao.;Hiroaki Kuroda.;Gyula Ostoros.;Tho V Tran.;Jian You.;Kang-Yun Lee.;Lorenzo Antonuzzo.;Zsolt Papai-Szekely.;Hiroaki Akamatsu.;Bivas Biswas.;Alexander Spira.;Jeffrey Crawford.;Ha T Le.;Mike Aperghis.;Gary J Doherty.;Helen Mann.;Tamer M Fouad.;Martin Reck.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷18期1672-1684页
Neoadjuvant or adjuvant immunotherapy can improve outcomes in patients with resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Perioperative regimens may combine benefits of both to improve long-term outcomes.
420. First-Line Selpercatinib or Chemotherapy and Pembrolizumab in RET Fusion-Positive NSCLC.
作者: Caicun Zhou.;Benjamin Solomon.;Herbert H Loong.;Keunchil Park.;Maurice Pérol.;Edurne Arriola.;Silvia Novello.;Baohui Han.;Jianying Zhou.;Andrea Ardizzoni.;M Perez Mak.;Fernando C Santini.;Yasir Y Elamin.;Alexander Drilon.;Jürgen Wolf.;Nalin Payakachat.;Minji K Uh.;Deborah Rajakumar.;Hongmei Han.;Tarun Puri.;Victoria Soldatenkova.;A Bence Lin.;Boris K Lin.;Koichi Goto.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷20期1839-1850页
Selpercatinib, a highly selective potent and brain-penetrant RET inhibitor, was shown to have efficacy in patients with advanced RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a nonrandomized phase 1-2 study.
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