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4101. A comparison of three interferon alfa-2b regimens for the long-term treatment of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis. Multicenter Study Group.
作者: T Poynard.;P Bedossa.;M Chevallier.;P Mathurin.;C Lemonnier.;C Trepo.;P Couzigou.;J L Payen.;M Sajus.;J M Costa.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷22期1457-62页
We studied the effects of long-term treatment with interferon on histologic features of the liver and serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations in patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis.
4102. Fertility in men exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol.
作者: A J Wilcox.;D D Baird.;C R Weinberg.;P P Hornsby.;A L Herbst.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷21期1411-6页
Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol causes infertility in male mice and has been associated with malformations of the genital tract in men. However, little is known about the fertility of men who have been exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol.
4103. A randomized trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment in the care of hospitalized patients.
作者: D B Reuben.;G M Borok.;G Wolde-Tsadik.;D H Ershoff.;L K Fishman.;V L Ambrosini.;Y Liu.;L Z Rubenstein.;J C Beck.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷20期1345-50页
Although many studies describe benefits from the comprehensive assessment of elderly patients by an interdisciplinary team (comprehensive geriatric assessment), the most supportive evidence for the process has come from programs that rely on specialized inpatient units and long hospital stays. We examined whether an inpatient geriatric consultation service might also be beneficial in a trial involving four medical centers of a group-practice health maintenance organization (HMO).
4104. A randomized trial of care in a hospital medical unit especially designed to improve the functional outcomes of acutely ill older patients.
作者: C S Landefeld.;R M Palmer.;D M Kresevic.;R H Fortinsky.;J Kowal.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷20期1338-44页
Older persons who re hospitalized for acute illnesses often lose their independence and are discharged to institutions for long-term care.
4105. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients treated with low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin.
作者: T E Warkentin.;M N Levine.;J Hirsh.;P Horsewood.;R S Roberts.;M Gent.;J G Kelton.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷20期1330-5页
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, defined by the presence of heparin-dependent IgG antibodies, typically occurs five or more days after the start of heparin therapy and can be complicated by thrombotic events. The frequency of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and of heparin-dependent IgG antibodies, as well as the relative risk of each in patients given low-molecular-weight heparin, is unknown.
4106. Effect of hydroxyurea on the frequency of painful crises in sickle cell anemia. Investigators of the Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea in Sickle Cell Anemia.
作者: S Charache.;M L Terrin.;R D Moore.;G J Dover.;F B Barton.;S V Eckert.;R P McMahon.;D R Bonds.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷20期1317-22页
In a previous open-label study of hydroxyurea therapy, the synthesis of fetal hemoglobin increased in most patients with sickle cell anemia, with only mild myelotoxicity. By inhibiting sickling, increased levels of fetal hemoglobin might decrease the frequency of painful crises.
4107. A comparison of lipiodol chemoembolization and conservative treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
Chemoembolization with lipiodol (iodized oil) is widely used to treat patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Severe side effects have been reported, and improved survival has not been clearly demonstrated.
4108. Hepatitis C and immune globulin.
作者: J López-Jiménez.;J Odriozola.;J Pérez-Oteyza.;J García-Laraña.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷18期1235-6页 4109. Hydroxyurea for patients with essential thrombocythemia and a high risk of thrombosis.
作者: S Cortelazzo.;G Finazzi.;M Ruggeri.;O Vestri.;M Galli.;F Rodeghiero.;T Barbui.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷17期1132-6页
Abnormalities in the number and function of platelets may contribute to thromboembolic complications in patients with essential thrombocythemia. We assessed whether maintaining the platelet count below 600,000 per cubic millimeter with hydroxyurea reduces the incidence of thrombosis in patients with essential thrombocythemia and a high risk of thrombosis.
4110. Comparison of CHOP chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation for slowly responding patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
作者: L F Verdonck.;W L van Putten.;A Hagenbeek.;H C Schouten.;P Sonneveld.;G W van Imhoff.;H C Kluin-Nelemans.;J M Raemaekers.;R H van Oers.;H L Haak.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷16期1045-51页
High-dose chemoradiotherapy combined with autologous bone marrow transplantation can cure patients with disseminated, aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in whom first-line chemotherapy has failed. In contrast, cure is rare with second-line chemotherapy. It has been suggested that patients with slow responses to the initial phase of first-line chemotherapy are at high risk for relapse. Therefore, such patients are potential candidates for early bone marrow transplantation.
4111. Transdermal nicotine as maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis.
作者: G A Thomas.;J Rhodes.;V Mani.;G T Williams.;R G Newcombe.;M A Russell.;C Feyerabend.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷15期988-92页
Ulcerative colitis is largely a disease of nonsmokers. Having found previously that treatment with transdermal nicotine patches and mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid) has a beneficial effect on active colitis, we examined the value of transdermal nicotine for the maintenance of remission.
4112. Induction of abortion with mifepristone (RU 486) and oral or vaginal misoprostol.
作者: H el-Refaey.;D Rajasekar.;M Abdalla.;L Calder.;A Templeton.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷15期983-7页
Medical termination of pregnancy can be successfully performed with a combination of mifepristone (RU 486) and a prostaglandin analogue. We conducted a prospective, randomized trial to compare oral with vaginal administration of the prostaglandin E1 analogue misoprostol for first-trimester abortion in women treated initially with mifepristone.
4113. Iron-chelation therapy with oral deferiprone in patients with thalassemia major.
作者: N F Olivieri.;G M Brittenham.;D Matsui.;M Berkovitch.;L M Blendis.;R G Cameron.;R A McClelland.;P P Liu.;D M Templeton.;G Koren.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷14期918-22页
To determine whether the orally active iron chelator deferiprone (1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-pyridin-4-one) is efficacious in the treatment of iron overload in patients with thalassemia major, we conducted a prospective trial of deferiprone in 21 patients unable or unwilling to use standard chelation therapy with parenteral deferoxamine.
4114. Ten-year results of a comparison of conservation with mastectomy in the treatment of stage I and II breast cancer.
作者: J A Jacobson.;D N Danforth.;K H Cowan.;T d'Angelo.;S M Steinberg.;L Pierce.;M E Lippman.;A S Lichter.;E Glatstein.;P Okunieff.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷14期907-11页
Breast-conservation therapy for early-stage breast cancer is now an accepted treatment, but there is still controversy about its comparability with mastectomy. Between 1979 and 1987, the National Cancer Institute conducted a randomized, single-institution trial comparing lumpectomy, axillary dissection, and radiation with mastectomy and axillary dissection for stage I and II breast cancer. We update the results of that trial after a median potential follow-up of 10.1 years.
4115. Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil in node-positive breast cancer: the results of 20 years of follow-up.
作者: G Bonadonna.;P Valagussa.;A Moliterni.;M Zambetti.;C Brambilla.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷14期901-6页
Adjuvant combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil was administered after radical mastectomy for primary breast cancer with histologically positive axillary lymph nodes to assess whether it would improve treatment outcome as compared with surgery alone. Here we report a 20-year follow-up of this investigation.
4116. Effect of high-dose ibuprofen in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Since the inflammatory response to chronic infection contributes to lung destruction in patients with cystic fibrosis, we hypothesized that anti-inflammatory therapy might slow the progression of lung disease.
4117. Pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in Zaire. A controlled trial of treatment for either 6 or 12 months.
作者: J H Perriëns.;M E St Louis.;Y B Mukadi.;C Brown.;J Prignot.;F Pouthier.;F Portaels.;J C Willame.;J K Mandala.;M Kaboto.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷12期779-84页
We studied the efficacy of a short-course regimen of chemotherapy for pulmonary tuberculosis in Kinshasa, Zaire. We also assessed whether, among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, treatment should be extended from 6 to 12 months.
4118. Intrasphincteric botulinum toxin for the treatment of achalasia.
作者: P J Pasricha.;W J Ravich.;T R Hendrix.;S Sostre.;B Jones.;A N Kalloo.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷12期774-8页
Achalasia is a disorder of swallowing in which the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax. We report the use of botulinum toxin, a paralytic agent, for the treatment of this condition.
4119. A randomized trial comparing fluconazole with clotrimazole troches for the prevention of fungal infections in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. NIAID AIDS Clinical Trials Group.
作者: W G Powderly.;D Finkelstein.;J Feinberg.;P Frame.;W He.;C van der Horst.;S L Koletar.;M E Eyster.;J Carey.;H Waskin.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷11期700-5页
Cryptococcal meningitis and other serious fungal infections are common complications in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Fluconazole is effective for long-term suppression of many fungal infections, but its effectiveness as primary prophylaxis had not been adequately evaluated.
4120. A randomized trial of three antipneumocystis agents in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. NIAID AIDS Clinical Trials Group.
作者: S A Bozzette.;D M Finkelstein.;S A Spector.;P Frame.;W G Powderly.;W He.;L Phillips.;D Craven.;C van der Horst.;J Feinberg.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年332卷11期693-9页
We evaluated the effectiveness of three treatment strategies for the prevention of a first episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
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