Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) combined with laryngo-pharyngeal reflux (LPR) has poor drug efficacy, which seriously affects their mental health and quality of life. Investigation of the risk factors and construct predictive models to improve preventive strategies.

Liver fibrosis is a chronic progressive liver disease influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Early stages of liver fibrosis are marked by abnormal fat deposition in the liver. MicroRNA-30c (miR-30c) plays key roles in various pathological processes, including lipid metabolism, metabolic disorders, and cancer. However, the precise role of miR-30c in the progression of liver fibrosis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-30c in liver fibrosis using miR-30c knockout (KO) mice.

The number of risk prediction models for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer is increasing, but the quality and applicability of these models in clinical practice and future research remain unknown.

Descriptive data on gastric cancer (GC) from African countries are limited. We describe the prevalence, clinicopathological features, short-term outcomes and factors associated with gastric cancer at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), which is a tertiary-level facility in Tanzania.

To explore disease severity thresholds beyond which endoscopic intervention fails to reduce mortality in the context of renal insufficiency and upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), and to develop predictive models for mortality.

In this study, we aimed to establish specific reference values for spleen volume in Japan using automated deep learning-based segmentation as well as evaluate the diagnostic utility of volume-defined splenomegaly in staging liver fibrosis.

Histological remission has emerged as a promising target that may improve long-term outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between clinical, endoscopic, and histological remissions and the predictive value of histological remission on long-term outcomes in patients with UC receiving conventional therapy.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects a quarter of the population. Although multiple studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying steatohepatitis and MASLD progression, little attention has been paid to milder cases, particularly those with normal enzyme levels. Our objective was to evaluate the molecular events in patients with MASLD and normal enzyme levels.

The worldwide increase in acute diverticulitis (AD) prevalence and the resulting growing economic burden on the healthcare system have driven the scientific community towards standardizing a methodological approach to obtain a prompt diagnosis, optimized treatment, and thus containing costs. By the analysis of currently available evidence, this review could provide effective strategies for efficient AD clinical management and highlights possible innovative therapeutic strategies.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by heterogeneous manifestations with significant morbidities. Diagnosing and managing CD remains challenging due to its variable clinical presentation, complexities in assessing disease extent and activity, and lack of a definitive diagnostic marker. Over the last years, there has been a switch towards a treat-to-target approach in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Capsule endoscopy (CE) has emerged as a non-invasive, complementary tool for CD diagnosis and monitoring. CE is patient friendly being wireless and enables direct visualization of the entire small bowel in one sitting. CE plays a role in the diagnostic workup of suspected CD and in cases of in IBD unclassified (IBDU). In established CD, CE plays a role in monitoring mucosal healing, a key therapeutic target linked to improved long-term outcomes. CE findings significantly influence treatment strategies, leading to therapy escalation, adjustment, or avoidance of unnecessary surgical interventions. Moreover, CE disease activity assessment by means of the Lewis score is able to predict disease flares, thus having also a prognostic role. In conclusion, the non-invasive nature of CE, combined with its diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications, establishes it as an essential tool in the comprehensive management of CD across all disease stages. This review provides a comprehensive update on CE's evolving role in optimizing care of patients with CD.

The gallstone disease is gradually becoming a burden of healthcare systems throughout world. The frequency of gallstone disease in Ethiopia has been the subject of few investigations and to the best of our knowledge, limited evidence of published research has examined the risk factors linked with gallstone disease. The main objective of the current study was to assess the prevalence of gallstone disease and associated factors among patients who visited the surgical department of Debre Birhan Comprehensive Specialization Hospital.

To identify the clinical and molecular factors that effectively predict pathological complete response (pCR) and assess the safety of patients receiving neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy.

Early identification of strangulation in adhesive small bowel obstruction (SBO) is crucial for emergency triage and immediate surgical intervention. This study aimed to explore the predictive value of the immature granulocyte (IG) count in assessing strangulation in adhesive SBO.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by an extremely poor prognosis and a high mortality rate, posing a significant burden on society.