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21. Radiotherapy to regional nodes in early breast cancer: an individual patient data meta-analysis of 14 324 women in 16 trials.
Radiotherapy has become much better targeted since the 1980s, improving both safety and efficacy. In breast cancer, radiotherapy to regional lymph nodes aims to reduce risks of recurrence and death. Its effects have been studied in randomised trials, some before the 1980s and some after. We aimed to assess the effects of regional node radiotherapy in these two eras.
22. Mortality in randomised controlled trials using paclitaxel-coated devices for femoropopliteal interventional procedures: an updated patient-level meta-analysis.
作者: Sahil A Parikh.;Peter A Schneider.;Christopher M Mullin.;Tyson Rogers.;William A Gray.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402卷10415期1848-1856页
Numerous randomised clinical trials and real-world studies have supported the safety of paclitaxel-coated devices for the treatment of femoropopliteal occlusive disease. However, a 2018 summary-level meta-analysis suggested an increased mortality risk for paclitaxel-coated devices compared with uncoated control devices. This study presents an updated analysis of deaths using the most complete and current data available from pivotal trials of paclitaxel-coated versus control devices.
23. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with infarct-related cardiogenic shock: an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised trials.
作者: Uwe Zeymer.;Anne Freund.;Matthias Hochadel.;Petr Ostadal.;Jan Belohlavek.;Richard Rokyta.;Steffen Massberg.;Stefan Brunner.;Enzo Lüsebrink.;Marcus Flather.;David Adlam.;Kris Bogaerts.;Amerjeet Banning.;Manel Sabaté.;Ibrahim Akin.;Alexander Jobs.;Steffen Schneider.;Steffen Desch.;Holger Thiele.
来源: Lancet. 2023年402卷10410期1338-1346页
Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is increasingly used in patients with cardiogenic shock despite the lack of evidence from adequately powered randomised clinical trials. Three trials reported so far were underpowered to detect a survival benefit; we therefore conducted an individual patient-based meta-analysis to assess the effect of VA-ECMO on 30-day death rate.
24. Value of intravenous thrombolysis in endovascular treatment for large-vessel anterior circulation stroke: individual participant data meta-analysis of six randomised trials.
作者: Charles B Majoie.;Fabiano Cavalcante.;Jan Gralla.;Pengfei Yang.;Johannes Kaesmacher.;Kilian M Treurniet.;Manon Kappelhof.;Bernard Yan.;Kentaro Suzuki.;Yongwei Zhang.;Fengli Li.;Masafumi Morimoto.;Lei Zhang.;Zhongrong Miao.;Leon A Rinkel.;Jiacheng Huang.;Toshiaki Otsuka.;Shouchun Wang.;Stephen Davis.;Christophe Cognard.;Bo Hong.;Jonathan M Coutinho.;Jiaxing Song.;Wenhuo Chen.;Bart J Emmer.;Omer Eker.;Liyong Zhang.;Tomas Dobrocky.;Huy-Thang Nguyen.;Steven Bush.;Ya Peng.;Natalie E LeCouffe.;Masataka Takeuchi.;Hongxing Han.;Yuji Matsumaru.;Daniel Strbian.;Hester F Lingsma.;Daan Nieboer.;Qingwu Yang.;Thomas Meinel.;Peter Mitchell.;Kazumi Kimura.;Wenjie Zi.;Raul G Nogueira.;Jianmin Liu.;Yvo B Roos.;Urs Fischer.; .
来源: Lancet. 2023年402卷10406期965-974页
Intravenous thrombolysis is recommended before endovascular treatment, but its value has been questioned in patients who are admitted directly to centres capable of endovascular treatment. Existing randomised controlled trials have indicated non-inferiority of endovascular treatment alone or have been statistically inconclusive. We formed the Improving Reperfusion Strategies in Acute Ischaemic Stroke collaboration to assess non-inferiority of endovascular treatment alone versus intravenous thrombolysis plus endovascular treatment.
25. Effectiveness of handwashing with soap for preventing acute respiratory infections in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Ian Ross.;Sarah Bick.;Philip Ayieko.;Robert Dreibelbis.;Jennyfer Wolf.;Matthew C Freeman.;Elizabeth Allen.;Michael Brauer.;Oliver Cumming.
来源: Lancet. 2023年401卷10389期1681-1690页
Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with 83% of ARI mortality occurring in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) before the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to estimate the effect of interventions promoting handwashing with soap on ARI in LMICs.
26. Anthracycline-containing and taxane-containing chemotherapy for early-stage operable breast cancer: a patient-level meta-analysis of 100 000 women from 86 randomised trials.
Anthracycline-taxane chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer substantially improves survival compared with no chemotherapy. However, concerns about short-term and long-term side-effects of anthracyclines have led to increased use of taxane chemotherapy without anthracycline, which could compromise efficacy. We aimed to better characterise the benefits and risks of including anthracycline, and the comparative benefits of different anthracycline-taxane regimens.
27. Past SARS-CoV-2 infection protection against re-infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Understanding the level and characteristics of protection from past SARS-CoV-2 infection against subsequent re-infection, symptomatic COVID-19 disease, and severe disease is essential for predicting future potential disease burden, for designing policies that restrict travel or access to venues where there is a high risk of transmission, and for informing choices about when to receive vaccine doses. We aimed to systematically synthesise studies to estimate protection from past infection by variant, and where data allow, by time since infection.
28. The impact of urbanisation on the cardiometabolic health of Indigenous Brazilian peoples: a systematic review and meta-analysis, and data from the Brazilian Health registry.
Indigenous Brazilian peoples have faced an unparalleled increase in the rate of cardiovascular diseases following rapid nutritional transition to more urban diets. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between urbanisation (including data from Amazon rainforest deforestation) and cardiometabolic risk factors and outcomes.
29. Effects of race and ethnicity on perinatal outcomes in high-income and upper-middle-income countries: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 2 198 655 pregnancies.
作者: Jameela Sheikh.;John Allotey.;Tania Kew.;Borja M Fernández-Félix.;Javier Zamora.;Asma Khalil.;Shakila Thangaratinam.; .
来源: Lancet. 2022年400卷10368期2049-2062页
Existing evidence on the effects of race and ethnicity on pregnancy outcomes is restricted to individual studies done within specific countries and health systems. We aimed to assess the impact of race and ethnicity on perinatal outcomes in high-income and upper-middle-income countries, and to ascertain whether the magnitude of disparities, if any, varied across geographical regions.
30. Pregnancy outcomes after first-trimester treatment with artemisinin derivatives versus non-artemisinin antimalarials: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.
作者: Makoto Saito.;Rose McGready.;Halidou Tinto.;Toussaint Rouamba.;Dominic Mosha.;Stephen Rulisa.;Simon Kariuki.;Meghna Desai.;Christine Manyando.;Eric M Njunju.;Esperanca Sevene.;Anifa Vala.;Orvalho Augusto.;Christine Clerk.;Edwin Were.;Sigilbert Mrema.;William Kisinza.;Josaphat Byamugisha.;Mike Kagawa.;Jan Singlovic.;Mackensie Yore.;Anna Maria van Eijk.;Ushma Mehta.;Andy Stergachis.;Jenny Hill.;Kasia Stepniewska.;Melba Gomes.;Philippe J Guérin.;Francois Nosten.;Feiko O Ter Kuile.;Stephanie Dellicour.
来源: Lancet. 2023年401卷10371期118-130页
Malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are a highly effective, first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, except in the first trimester of pregnancy, when quinine with clindamycin is recommended due to concerns about the potential embryotoxicity of artemisinins. We compared adverse pregnancy outcomes after artemisinin-based treatment (ABT) versus non-ABTs in the first trimester of pregnancy.
31. Balloon catheters versus vaginal prostaglandins for labour induction (CPI Collaborative): an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
作者: Madeleine N Jones.;Kirsten R Palmer.;Maleesa M Pathirana.;Jose Guilherme Cecatti.;Olimpio B Moraes Filho.;Lena Marions.;Måns Edlund.;Martina Prager.;Craig Pennell.;Jan E Dickinson.;Nelson Sass.;Marta Jozwiak.;Mieke Ten Eikelder.;Katrien Oude Rengerink.;Kitty W M Bloemenkamp.;Amanda Henry.;Ellen C L Løkkegaard.;Ib Jarle Christensen.;Jeff M Szychowski.;Rodney K Edwards.;Michael Beckmann.;Caroline Diguisto.;Amélie Le Gouge.;Franck Perrotin.;Ian Symonds.;Sean O'Leary.;Daniel L Rolnik.;Ben W Mol.;Wentao Li.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400卷10364期1681-1692页
Induction of labour is one of the most common obstetric interventions globally. Balloon catheters and vaginal prostaglandins are widely used to ripen the cervix in labour induction. We aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety profiles of these two induction methods.
32. Impact of diabetes on the effects of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on kidney outcomes: collaborative meta-analysis of large placebo-controlled trials.
Large trials have shown that sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of adverse kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure or chronic kidney disease, or with type 2 diabetes and high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. None of the trials recruiting patients with and without diabetes were designed to assess outcomes separately in patients without diabetes.
33. The clinical effect of point-of-care HIV diagnosis in infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Robert Luo.;Youyi Fong.;Debi Boeras.;Ilesh Jani.;Lara Vojnov.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400卷10356期887-895页
Timely diagnosis and treatment of HIV is crucial in HIV-exposed infants to prevent the high rates of mortality seen during the first 2 years of life if HIV is untreated. However, challenges with sample transportation, testing, and result delivery to caregivers have led to long delays in treatment initiation. We aimed to compare the clinical effect of point-of-care HIV testing versus laboratory-based testing (standard of care) in HIV-exposed infants.
34. Effect of statin therapy on muscle symptoms: an individual participant data meta-analysis of large-scale, randomised, double-blind trials.
Statin therapy is effective for the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and is widely prescribed, but there are persisting concerns that statin therapy might frequently cause muscle pain or weakness. We aimed to address these through an individual participant data meta-analysis of all recorded adverse muscle events in large, long-term, randomised, double-blind trials of statin therapy.
35. Angiotensin receptor blockers and β blockers in Marfan syndrome: an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised trials.
作者: Alex Pitcher.;Enti Spata.;Jonathan Emberson.;Kelly Davies.;Heather Halls.;Lisa Holland.;Kate Wilson.;Christina Reith.;Anne H Child.;Tim Clayton.;Matthew Dodd.;Marcus Flather.;Xu Yu Jin.;George Sandor.;Maarten Groenink.;Barbara Mulder.;Julie De Backer.;Arturo Evangelista.;Alberto Forteza.;Gisela Teixido-Turà.;Catherine Boileau.;Guillaume Jondeau.;Olivier Milleron.;Ronald V Lacro.;Lynn A Sleeper.;Hsin-Hui Chiu.;Mei-Hwan Wu.;Stefan Neubauer.;Hugh Watkins.;Hal Dietz.;Colin Baigent.; .
来源: Lancet. 2022年400卷10355期822-831页
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and β blockers are widely used in the treatment of Marfan syndrome to try to reduce the rate of progressive aortic root enlargement characteristic of this condition, but their separate and joint effects are uncertain. We aimed to determine these effects in a collaborative individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised trials of these treatments.
36. SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure: a comprehensive meta-analysis of five randomised controlled trials.
作者: Muthiah Vaduganathan.;Kieran F Docherty.;Brian L Claggett.;Pardeep S Jhund.;Rudolf A de Boer.;Adrian F Hernandez.;Silvio E Inzucchi.;Mikhail N Kosiborod.;Carolyn S P Lam.;Felipe Martinez.;Sanjiv J Shah.;Akshay S Desai.;John J V McMurray.;Scott D Solomon.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400卷10354期757-767页
SGLT2 inhibitors are strongly recommended in guidelines to treat patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, but their clinical benefits at higher ejection fractions are less well established. Two large-scale trials, DELIVER and EMPEROR-Preserved, in heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction have been done, providing power to examine therapeutic effects on cardiovascular mortality and in patient subgroups when combined with the earlier trials in reduced ejection fraction.
37. Baricitinib in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial and updated meta-analysis.
We aimed to evaluate the use of baricitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) 1-2 inhibitor, for the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.
38. Comparative effects of pharmacological interventions for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
作者: Franco De Crescenzo.;Gian Loreto D'Alò.;Edoardo G Ostinelli.;Marco Ciabattini.;Valeria Di Franco.;Norio Watanabe.;Ayse Kurtulmus.;Anneka Tomlinson.;Zuzana Mitrova.;Francesca Foti.;Cinzia Del Giovane.;Digby J Quested.;Phil J Cowen.;Corrado Barbui.;Laura Amato.;Orestis Efthimiou.;Andrea Cipriani.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400卷10347期170-184页
Behavioural, cognitive, and pharmacological interventions can all be effective for insomnia. However, because of inadequate resources, medications are more frequently used worldwide. We aimed to estimate the comparative effectiveness of pharmacological treatments for the acute and long-term treatment of adults with insomnia disorder.
39. Effectiveness of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and handwashing with soap on risk of diarrhoeal disease in children in low-income and middle-income settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Jennyfer Wolf.;Sydney Hubbard.;Michael Brauer.;Argaw Ambelu.;Benjamin F Arnold.;Robert Bain.;Valerie Bauza.;Joe Brown.;Bethany A Caruso.;Thomas Clasen.;John M Colford.;Matthew C Freeman.;Bruce Gordon.;Richard B Johnston.;Andrew Mertens.;Annette Prüss-Ustün.;Ian Ross.;Jeffrey Stanaway.;Jeff T Zhao.;Oliver Cumming.;Sophie Boisson.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400卷10345期48-59页
Estimates of the effectiveness of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions that provide high levels of service on childhood diarrhoea are scarce. We aimed to provide up-to-date estimates on the burden of disease attributable to WASH and on the effects of different types of WASH interventions on childhood diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).
40. Opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after surgical discharge: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials.
作者: Julio F Fiore.;Charbel El-Kefraoui.;Marc-Aurele Chay.;Philip Nguyen-Powanda.;Uyen Do.;Ghadeer Olleik.;Fateme Rajabiyazdi.;Araz Kouyoumdjian.;Alexa Derksen.;Tara Landry.;Alexandre Amar-Zifkin.;Amy Bergeron.;Agnihotram V Ramanakumar.;Marc Martel.;Lawrence Lee.;Gabriele Baldini.;Liane S Feldman.
来源: Lancet. 2022年399卷10343期2280-2293页
Excessive opioid prescribing after surgery has contributed to the current opioid crisis; however, the value of prescribing opioids at surgical discharge remains uncertain. We aimed to estimate the extent to which opioid prescribing after discharge affects self-reported pain intensity and adverse events in comparison with an opioid-free analgesic regimen.
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