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21. Interval cancer, sensitivity, and specificity comparing AI-supported mammography screening with standard double reading without AI in the MASAI study: a randomised, controlled, non-inferiority, single-blinded, population-based, screening-accuracy trial.
作者: Jessie Gommers.;Veronica Hernström.;Viktoria Josefsson.;Hanna Sartor.;David Schmidt.;Annie Hjelmgren.;Anna-Maria Larsson.;Solveig Hofvind.;Ingvar Andersson.;Aldana Rosso.;Oskar Hagberg.;Kristina Lång.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10527期505-514页
Evidence indicates that artificial intelligence (AI) can improve mammography screening by increasing cancer detection and reducing screen reading workload, but its effect on interval cancers (primary breast cancers diagnosed between two screening rounds or within 2 years after the last scheduled screening that were not detected at screening) is unknown. We aimed to compare the interval cancer rate in AI-supported mammography screening with standard double reading without AI.
22. Triple cardiovascular disease detection with an artificial intelligence-enabled stethoscope (TRICORDER) in the UK: a cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial.
作者: Mihir A Kelshiker.;Patrik Bächtiger.;Camille F Petri.;Saloni Nakhare.;Josephine Mansell.;Karanjot Chhatwal.;Abdullah Alrumayh.;Jahed Zaman.;Moulesh Shah.;Holly Young.;Helena Roy.;Melanie T Almonte.;Céire Costelloe.;Yasmin Razak.;Azeem Majeed.;James P Howard.;Carys Barton.;Daniel B Kramer.;Carla M Plymen.;Nicholas S Peters.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10529期704-715页
Early detection of cardiovascular disease is a global public health priority. Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled stethoscopes offer robust performance characteristics in point-of-care detection of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and valvular heart disease (VHD). We conducted a pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial to determine the real-world effect and implementation challenges of AI-stethoscopes.
23. TRPC6 inhibition for the treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial of BI 764198.
作者: Howard Trachtman.;Matthias Kretzler.;Loreto Gesualdo.;Nicholas Cross.;Biruh Workeneh.;Jessica Kaufeld.;Björn Meijers.;Zhiming Ye.;Qinkai Chen.;Vimal K Derebail.;Monica Suet Ying Ng.;Bo Ji.;Maximilian T Lobmeyer.;Silke Retlich.;Fabia T Licarião Rocha.;Srinivasa Prasad.;Nima Soleymanlou.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10528期587-598页
In focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6 (TRPC6) overactivity might cause podocyte loss and progressive kidney function decline. This exploratory study assessed the safety and efficacy of a novel once-daily oral selective TRPC6 inhibitor, BI 764198.
24. Surgical fixation versus non-surgical care for children with a displaced medial epicondyle fracture of the elbow (the SCIENCE study): a multicentre, randomised controlled, superiority trial and economic evaluation.
作者: Daniel C Perry.;Juul Achten.;Alex Zimmermann.;Rebecca Kandiyali.;Duncan Appelbe.;James G Wright.;David Ferguson.;Kemble Wang.;Nichola Wilson.;Amy Moscrop.;James Mason.;Daphne Kounali.;Matthew L Costa.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10528期577-586页
Displaced medial epicondyle fractures are among the most controversial injuries in children, with increasing trends towards surgical fixation despite little supporting evidence. Approximately half of affected children undergo surgical fixation, while others receive non-surgical care. The SCIENCE trial aimed to determine whether surgical fixation to restore the position of the bone provides superior functional outcomes and is cost-effective compared with non-surgical care.
25. Savolitinib plus osimertinib versus chemotherapy for advanced, EGFR mutation-positive, MET-amplified non-small-cell lung cancer in China (SACHI): interim analysis of a multicentre, open-label, phase 3 randomised controlled trial.
作者: Shun Lu.;Jie Wang.;Nong Yang.;Dongqing Lv.;Lijuan Chen.;Lin Wu.;Xingya Li.;Longhua Sun.;Yongfeng Yu.;Bo Jin.;Lin Yang.;Yubiao Guo.;Haipeng Xu.;Tienan Yi.;Aiping Zeng.;Xiaorong Dong.;Jianhua Chen.;Ziping Wang.;Hongrui Niu.;Ying Cheng.;Pinhua Pan.;Pengbo Deng.;Hongming Pan.;Xuhong Min.;Jun Bai.;Laiyu Liu.;Tongmei Zhang.;Juan Li.;Songhua Fan.;Michael M Shi.;Tony Mok.;Weiguo Su.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10526期375-387页
Savolitinib combined with osimertinib is a potential novel therapy for patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbouring MET amplification after progression on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of savolitinib-osimertinib versus standard of care platinum-based doublet chemotherapy in this patient population.
26. Low-dose yellow fever vaccination in infants: a randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial.
作者: Derick Kimathi.;Aitana Juan-Giner.;Ndeye S Bob.;Benedict Orindi.;Maria L Namulwana.;Antoine Diatta.;Stanley Cheruiyot.;Gamou Fall.;Moussa Dia.;Mainga M Hamaluba.;Dan Nyehangane.;Henry K Karanja.;John N Gitonga.;Daisy Mugo.;Donwilliams O Omuoyo.;Mwatasa Hussein.;Elizaphan Oloo.;Naomi Kamau.;Jackline Wafula.;Josephine Bendera.;Namanya Silvester.;James Mwavita.;Musiimenta Joshua.;Jane M Thuranira.;Collins Agababyona.;Caroline Ngetsa.;Nalusaji Aisha.;Felix Moki.;Titus Buluku.;Marianne Munene.;Juliet Mwanga-Amumpaire.;Julius Lutwama.;John Kayiwa.;Eunice Kamaara.;Alan D Barrett.;Pontiano Kaleebu.;Philip Bejon.;Amadou A Sall.;Rebecca F Grais.;George M Warimwe.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10527期497-504页
WHO recommends fractional dose vaccination to address yellow fever vaccine shortages during outbreaks. In adults, a 500 IU dose has recently been shown to be non-inferior to the full standard dose, but the minimum effective dose for children is unknown.
27. Abluminus DES+ sirolimus-eluting stent versus everolimus-eluting stent in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease (ABILITY Diabetes Global): results from a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Alexandre Abizaid.;Roxana Mehran.;Angelo Oliva.;Daniel Chamié.;Rodolfo Staico.;Fazila Malik.;Maarten Vink.;Arief Kurniadi.;Davide Cao.;Piera Capranzano.;Benjamin Faurie.;Philippe Garot.;David Hildick-Smith.;Alfonso Ielasi.;Nikolaus Löffelhardt.;Sasko Kedev.;Darren Mylotte.;Krzysztof Milewski.;Valeria Paradies.;Thomas Schmitz.;Koen Teeuwen.;Luca Testa.;Ralph Toelg.;François Vochelet.;Birgit Vogel.;Joanna Wykrzykowska.;Samantha Sartori.;Antonio Colombo.;Shigeru Saito.;Marie-Claude Morice.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10525期227-236页
In patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes increases the risk of restenosis and adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The Abluminus DES+ is a thin-strut cobalt-chromium sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) with abluminal and balloon-surface coating intended to enhance drug delivery to the vessel wall. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the Abluminus DES+ SES versus the XIENCE durable-polymer everolimus-eluting stent (EES) in patients with diabetes undergoing PCI.
28. Nivolumab added to cisplatin and radiotherapy versus cisplatin and radiotherapy alone after surgery for people with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck at a high risk of relapse (GORTEC 2018-01 NIVOPOST-OP): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.
作者: Jean Bourhis.;Anne Aupérin.;Christian Borel.;Gautier Lefebvre.;Severine Racadot.;Lionnel Geoffrois.;Xu Shan Sun.;Esma Saada.;Beatriz Cirauqui.;Tomasz Rutkowski.;Stephanie Henry.;Anouchka Modesto.;Alison Johnson.;Sophie Chapet.;Benoit Calderon.;Christian Sire.;Olivier Malard.;Matthieu Bainaud.;Antonio Da Silva Motta.;Sebastien Thureau.;Yoann Pointreau.;Pierre Blanchard.;Guillaume Buiret.;Laurence Bozec.;Stephane Lopez.;Julie Vanbockstael.;Matthieu Bosset.;Charlotte Greilsamer.;Amaury Daste.;Antoine Bruna.;France N'Guyen.;Maria Plana.;Eluska Iruarrizaga.;Stephane Temam.;Caroline Even.;Elisabeth Perez Ruiz.;Mahasti Bert.;Eleni Karamouza.;Juliette Thariat.;Joanna Kazmierska.;Amanda Psyrri.;Ricard Mesia.;Yungan Tao.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10526期363-374页
Postoperative cisplatin and radiotherapy is the standard of care for high-risk resected locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN). The NIVOPOST-OP trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of programmed death 1 blockade by nivolumab added to cisplatin and radiotherapy in this setting.
29. Zoliflodacin versus ceftriaxone plus azithromycin for treatment of uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea: an international, randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority clinical trial.
作者: Alison Luckey.;Manica Balasegaram.;Lindley A Barbee.;Teresa A Batteiger.;Helen Broadhurst.;Stephanie E Cohen.;Sinead Delany-Moretlwe.;Henry J C de Vries.;Jodie A Dionne.;Katherine Gill.;Chris Kenyon.;Rossaphorn Kittiyaowamarn.;Drew Lewis.;John P Mueller.;Vimla Naicker.;Seamus O'Brien.;John P O'Donnell.;Nittaya Phanuphak.;Elizabeth Spooner.;Subasree Srinivasan.;Stephanie N Taylor.;Magnus Unemo.;Zinhle Zwane.;Edward W Hook.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10524期147-160页
Development of new treatments for gonorrhoea is a global public health priority. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zoliflodacin versus ceftriaxone plus azithromycin in patients with uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea.
30. Proton versus photon radiotherapy for patients with oropharyngeal cancer in the USA: a multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority phase 3 trial.
作者: Steven J Frank.;Paul M Busse.;J Jack Lee.;David I Rosenthal.;Mike Hernandez.;David M Swanson.;Adam S Garden.;G Brandon Gunn.;Samir H Patel.;James W Snider.;Daniel J Ma.;Jason K Molitoris.;Nancy Y Lee.;Upendra Parvathaneni.;Mark W McDonald.;Noah S Kalman.;Alexander Lin.;Nasiruddin Mohammed.;Christina Henson.;Christian Hyde.;Gopal K Bajaj.;Sanford R Katz.;Roi Dagan.;William H Morrison.;Jay P Reddy.;C David Fuller.;Shalin J Shah.;Jack Phan.;Gregory M Chronowski.;Lauren Mayo.;Erich M Sturgis.;Renata Ferrarotto.;Xiaorong R Zhu.;Xiaodong Zhang.;Li Wang.;Katherine A Hutcheson.;Adel K El-Naggar.;Amy C Moreno.;Anna Lee.;Michael T Spiotto.;Neil D Gross.;Stephen Y Lai.;Jay J Liao.;Jonathan Paly.;Zhongxing Liao.;Robert L Foote.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10524期174-184页
Radiotherapy is an integral component of treatment for oropharyngeal cancer. Toxicity from the current state-of-the-art photon radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), has prompted the search for alternative, less toxic therapies. One such alternative that might de-intensify treatment is proton therapy. In this trial, we aimed to directly compare IMRT with intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), both concurrent with systemic therapy, hypothesising comparable disease control and survival and lower toxicity.
31. Epcoritamab, lenalidomide, and rituximab versus lenalidomide and rituximab for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma (EPCORE FL-1): a global, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.
作者: Lorenzo Falchi.;Marcel Nijland.;Huiqiang Huang.;Kim M Linton.;John F Seymour.;Rong Tao.;Michal Kwiatek.;Abel Costa.;Theodoros P Vassilakopoulos.;Richard Greil.;Ana Jiménez-Ubieto.;Shane A Gangatharan.;Ohad Benjamini.;Catherine Thieblemont.;Alessandra Tucci.;Anna Elinder-Camburn.;Arpad Illes.;Jan Novak.;Miguel A Pavlovsky.;Andrew McDonald.;Dok Hyun Yoon.;Dai Maruyama.;Gauri Sunkersett.;Jian P Mei.;Nabanita Mukherjee.;Feng Zhu.;Abualbishr Alshreef.;Elena Favaro.;Franck Morschhauser.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10524期161-173页
An unmet need persists for chemotherapy-free regimens that induce durable responses for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma. Lenalidomide and rituximab (R2) is an accepted standard of care in this population. The EPCORE FL-1 trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of epcoritamab plus R2 versus R2 in participants with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma after at least one previous line of chemoimmunotherapy.
32. Tafasitamab, lenalidomide, and rituximab in relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma (inMIND): a global, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.
作者: Laurie H Sehn.;Kai Hübel.;Stefano Luminari.;Christian W Scholz.;Antonio Salar.;Shankara Paneesha.;Björn Engelbrekt Wahlin.;Panayiotis Panayiotidis.;Hui-Peng Lee.;Ana Jiménez-Ubieto.;Juan-Manuel Sancho.;Tae Min Kim.;Eva Domingo Domenech.;Takahiro Kumode.;Christina Poh.;Catherine Thieblemont.;Dries Deeren.;Edwin de Wit.;Michael Arbushites.;Irene Vassallo.;Marek Trneny.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10524期133-146页
Follicular lymphoma is characterised by episodes of remission and relapse, with patients requiring multiple lines of therapy. Lenalidomide plus rituximab is a commonly used immunotherapy combination in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of adding tafasitamab, a CD19-targeted Fc-enhanced monoclonal antibody, to lenalidomide and rituximab in this setting.
33. Scheduled birth at term for the prevention of pre-eclampsia (PREVENT-PE): an open-label randomised controlled trial.
作者: James Goadsby.;Argyro Syngelaki.;Laura A Magee.;Peter von Dadelszen.;Ranjit Akolekar.;Sophie Webster.;Alan Wright.;David Wright.;Kypros H Nicolaides.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10523期67-77页
In high-risk pregnancies, there is no reliable intervention to reduce term pre-eclampsia. We aimed to investigate the effect of screening for pre-eclampsia risk at 36 weeks' gestation and offering risk-stratified, planned, early-term birth.
34. Efficacy and safety of rocatinlimab for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in ROCKET-IGNITE and ROCKET-HORIZON: two global, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised phase 3 clinical trials.
作者: Emma Guttman-Yassky.;Kenji Kabashima.;Margitta Worm.;Paula C Luna.;H Chih-Ho Hong.;Raj Chovatiya.;Jonathan A Bernstein.;Johannes S Kern.;Benjamin D Ehst.;Nina Magnolo.;Pedro Herranz-Pinto.;Linda Stein Gold.;Howard Sofen.;Andrew E Pink.;Ehsanollah Esfandiari.;Takahiro Arai.;Yiping Yang.;Rebecca Shi.;Carolina Barragan.;Greg Kricorian.;Liat Schwartz-Sagi.;Robert Bissonnette.
来源: Lancet. 2026年407卷10523期53-66页
Rocatinlimab is a T cell rebalancing therapy that inhibits and reduces the number of pathogenic T cells by targeting the OX40 receptor expressed on the surface of activated T cells. Two global phase 3 studies were performed to assess the efficacy and safety of rocatinlimab for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adults.
35. Efficacy and safety of nipocalimab in patients with moderate-to-severe Sjögren's disease (DAHLIAS): a randomised, phase 2, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.
作者: Ghaith Noaiseh.;Kathy L Sivils.;Kim Campbell.;Jada Idokogi.;Kim Hung Lo.;Sophia G Liva.;Jocelyn H Leu.;Harman Dhatt.;Keying Ma.;Steven Leonardo.;He Li.;Jonathan J Hubbard.;Jacques-Eric Gottenberg.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10518期2435-2448页
Sjögren's disease is characterised by mucosal dryness, fatigue, chronic pain, systemic organ involvement, and elevated autoreactive IgG antibodies. There are no approved disease-modifying treatments. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate nipocalimab, a neonatal Fc receptor blocker that reduces circulating IgG, including autoantibodies, in patients with Sjögren's disease.
36. Preoperative mFOLFIRINOX versus PAXG for stage I-III resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PACT-21 CASSANDRA): results of the first randomisation analysis of a randomised, open-label, 2 × 2 factorial phase 3 trial.
作者: Michele Reni.;Marina Macchini.;Giulia Orsi.;Letizia Procaccio.;Giuseppe Malleo.;Catia Carconi.;Ilario Giovanni Rapposelli.;Katia Bencardino.;Mario Scartozzi.;Gianpaolo Balzano.;Domenico Tamburrino.;Barbara Merelli.;Elisa Sperti.;Giulio Belfiori.;Nicole Liscia.;Silvia Bozzarelli.;Mariacristina Di Marco.;Emiliano Tamburini.;Michele Milella.;Sara Lonardi.;Giorgio Ercolani.;Michele Mazzola.;Diego Palumbo.;Valter Torri.;Massimo Falconi.
来源: Lancet. 2026年406卷10522期2945-2956页
Perioperative chemotherapy is a standard option for treatment of patients with resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to assess the superiority of PAXG (cisplatin, nab-paclitaxel, capecitabine, and gemcitabine) over mFOLFIRINOX (modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin) in this population.
37. Comparison of inhalational methoxyflurane, intranasal fentanyl, and intravenous morphine for treatment of prehospital acute pain in Norway (PreMeFen): a randomised, non-inferiority, three-arm, phase 3 trial.
作者: Randi Simensen.;Lars Olav Fjose.;Kjetil Thorsen.;Inge Christoffer Olsen.;Marius Rehn.;Jostein Hagemo.;Live Smalberget.;Fridtjof Heyerdahl.
来源: Lancet. 2026年406卷10522期2957-2967页
Adequate pain control is essential; however, acute pain is often undertreated in prehospital care. This study aimed to evaluate three analgesic regimens for treating acute pain in an ambulance setting.
38. Orforglipron, an oral small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist, for the treatment of obesity in people with type 2 diabetes (ATTAIN-2): a phase 3, double-blind, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Deborah B Horn.;Donna H Ryan.;Sanja Giljanovic Kis.;Breno Alves.;Yiming Mu.;Sin Gon Kim.;Jens Aberle.;Stephen C Bain.;Sheryl Allen.;Elizabeth Sarker.;Qiwei Wu.;Adam Stefanski.;Irina Jouravskaya.; .
来源: Lancet. 2026年406卷10522期2927-2944页
Obesity is a chronic disease that significantly contributes to type 2 diabetes and its complications. We aimed to evaluate orforglipron, an oral small-molecule (non-peptide) GLP-1 receptor agonist, for obesity treatment in adults with type 2 diabetes.
39. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the Trilogy valve for symptomatic native aortic regurgitation (ALIGN-AR): a pivotal, multicentre, single-arm, investigational device exemption study.
作者: Raj R Makkar.;Vinod H Thourani.;Torsten P Vahl.;Pradeep K Yadav.;James M McCabe.;Isaac George.;Lowell Satler.;Stan Chetcuti.;David V Daniels.;Thomas Waggoner.;Brian Whisenant.;Mark Russo.;Matthew Summers.;Santiago Garcia.;Tiberio Frisoli.;Ravi K Ramana.;Curtiss Stinis.;Harsh Golwala.;Firas Zahr.;Adam Greenbaum.;Joshua Rovin.;Carlos Sanchez.;Molly Szerlip.;George Michael Deeb.;Nicholas Amoroso.;Dhairya Patel.;Martin Fahy.;Lauren S Ranard.;Aakriti Gupta.;Tarun Chakravarty.;Sabah Skaf.;Michael Chuang.;Susheel K Kodali.;Hans R Figulla.;Hendrik Treede.;Stephan Baldus.;Duane S Pinto.;Martin B Leon.; .
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10521期2757-2771页
Transcatheter devices designed for calcific aortic stenosis are not optimised for use in native aortic regurgitation, and data on aortic regurgitation-dedicated platforms are limited. The extended ALIGN-AR pivotal experience with a prospectively enrolled continued-access cohort and longer follow-up aimed to characterise the safety, valve function, and clinical outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve intervention (TAVI) with a dedicated device in aortic regurgitation.
40. Safety and immunogenicity of a Nipah virus vaccine (HeV-sG-V) in adults: a single-centre, randomised, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 study.
作者: Robert W Frenck.;Abdi Naficy.;Jodi Feser.;Michelle P Dickey.;Victor H Leyva-Grado.;Michael A Egan.;Tracy Chen.;John H Eldridge.;Susan Sciotto-Brown.;Luz Hermida.;Dominique Promeneur.;Amara Luckay.;Herbert Medina.;Glorie-Grace A Lazaro.;Nairuti R Patel.;Tahira Naqvi.;Christopher C Broder.;Antony S Dimitrov.;Chris Gast.;Laina D Mercer.;Mike Raine.;Indah Andi-Lolo.;Bruce L Innis.;John J Aponte.;Stefan Hamm.;Niraj Rathi.
来源: Lancet. 2025年406卷10521期2792-2803页
First discovered in 1999 in Malaysia, Nipah virus (NiV) causes yearly outbreaks throughout south and southeast Asia with associated mortality rates of 40-75%. Due to the structural and sequence similarities between the NiV and Hendra virus (HeV) attachment G glycoproteins, and the extensive extant evidence of the ability of a recombinant soluble glycoprotein G (HeV-sG) to provide heterologous cross-protective immunity when used as vaccine (HeV-sG-V), this study aimed to evaluate HeV-sG-V for safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity against NiV.
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