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3941. Inhaled nitric oxide in full-term and nearly full-term infants with hypoxic respiratory failure.
Neonates with pulmonary hypertension have been treated with inhaled nitric oxide because of studies suggesting that it is a selective pulmonary vasodilator. We conducted a randomized, multicenter, controlled trial to determine whether inhaled nitric oxide would reduce mortality or the initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in infants with hypoxic respiratory failure.
3942. Inhaled nitric oxide and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. The Inhaled Nitric Oxide Study Group.
作者: J D Roberts.;J R Fineman.;F C Morin.;P W Shaul.;S Rimar.;M D Schreiber.;R A Polin.;M S Zwass.;M M Zayek.;I Gross.;M A Heymann.;W M Zapol.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷9期605-10页
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn causes systemic arterial hypoxemia because of increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right-to-left shunting of deoxygenated blood. Inhaled nitric oxide decreases pulmonary vascular resistance in newborns. We studied whether inhaled nitric oxide decreases severe hypoxemia in infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension.
3943. The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure.
The role of cardiac glycosides in treating patients with chronic heart failure and normal sinus rhythm remains controversial. We studied the effect of digoxin on mortality and hospitalization in a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.
3944. Treatment of traumatic brain injury with moderate hypothermia.
作者: D W Marion.;L E Penrod.;S F Kelsey.;W D Obrist.;P M Kochanek.;A M Palmer.;S R Wisniewski.;S T DeKosky.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷8期540-6页
Traumatic brain injury initiates several metabolic processes that can exacerbate the injury. There is evidence that hypothermia may limit some of these deleterious metabolic responses.
3945. Treatment of ostial renal-artery stenoses with vascular endoprostheses after unsuccessful balloon angioplasty.
作者: U Blum.;B Krumme.;P Flügel.;A Gabelmann.;T Lehnert.;C Buitrago-Tellez.;P Schollmeyer.;M Langer.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷7期459-65页
Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty is a safe and effective treatment for nonostial stenoses of the renal arteries, but it has proved to be disappointing for ostial stenoses. Therefore, we prospectively studied the use of intravascular stents for the treatment of critical ostial stenoses after unsuccessful balloon angioplasty.
3946. Effects of polyethylene glycol-conjugated recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor on platelet counts after chemotherapy for lung cancer.
作者: M Fanucchi.;J Glaspy.;J Crawford.;J Garst.;R Figlin.;W Sheridan.;D Menchaca.;D Tomita.;H Ozer.;L Harker.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷6期404-9页
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF, also known as PEG-rHuMGDF), a recombinant molecule related to thrombopoietin, specifically stimulates megakaryopoiesis and platelet production and reduces the severity of thrombocytopenia in animals receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy.
3947. The duration of oral anticoagulant therapy after a second episode of venous thromboembolism. The Duration of Anticoagulation Trial Study Group.
作者: S Schulman.;S Granqvist.;M Holmström.;A Carlsson.;P Lindmarker.;P Nicol.;S G Eklund.;S Nordlander.;G Lärfars.;B Leijd.;O Linder.;E Loogna.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷6期393-8页
A consensus has not been reached about the optimal duration of oral anticoagulant therapy after a second episode of venous thromboembolism.
3948. A controlled trial of immunotherapy for asthma in allergic children.
作者: N F Adkinson.;P A Eggleston.;D Eney.;E O Goldstein.;K C Schuberth.;J R Bacon.;R G Hamilton.;M E Weiss.;H Arshad.;C L Meinert.;J Tonascia.;B Wheeler.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷5期324-31页
Injections of allergens are widely prescribed for patients with asthma, but little is known about the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
3949. Early ERCP and papillotomy compared with conservative treatment for acute biliary pancreatitis. The German Study Group on Acute Biliary Pancreatitis.
作者: U R Fölsch.;R Nitsche.;R Lüdtke.;R A Hilgers.;W Creutzfeldt.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷4期237-42页
The role of early endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and papillotomy in the treatment of patients who have acute biliary pancreatitis without obstructive jaundice is uncertain.
3950. The effect of aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and low-dose anticoagulation on obstructive changes in saphenous-vein coronary-artery bypass grafts.
Obstructive changes often occur in aortocoronary saphenous-vein bypass grafts because of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. We studied whether aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels or low-dose anticoagulation would delay the progression of atherosclerosis in grafts.
3951. Medical care costs and quality of life after randomization to coronary angioplasty or coronary bypass surgery. Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) Investigators.
作者: M A Hlatky.;W J Rogers.;I Johnstone.;D Boothroyd.;M M Brooks.;B Pitt.;G Reeder.;T Ryan.;H Smith.;P Whitlow.;R Wiens.;D B Mark.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷2期92-9页
Randomized trials comparing coronary angioplasty with bypass surgery in patients with multivessel coronary disease have shown no significant differences in overall rates of death and myocardial infarction. We compared quality of life, employment, and medical care costs during five years of follow-up among patients treated with angioplasty or bypass surgery.
3952. A preliminary evaluation of a recombinant circumsporozoite protein vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Evaluation Group.
作者: J A Stoute.;M Slaoui.;D G Heppner.;P Momin.;K E Kester.;P Desmons.;B T Wellde.;N Garçon.;U Krzych.;M Marchand.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷2期86-91页
The candidate vaccines against malaria are poorly immunogenic and thus have been ineffective in preventing infection. We developed a vaccine based on the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum that incorporates adjuvants selected to enhance the immune response.
3953. Effects of thyroxine supplementation on neurologic development in infants born at less than 30 weeks' gestation.
作者: A G van Wassenaer.;J H Kok.;J J de Vijlder.;J M Briët.;B J Smit.;P Tamminga.;A van Baar.;F W Dekker.;T Vulsma.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷1期21-6页
Premature infants who have transient hypothyroxinemia in the first weeks of life may have developmental delay and neurologic dysfunction. Whether thyroxine treatment during this period results in improved developmental outcomes is not known.
3954. Endoluminal stent-grafts for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms.
作者: U Blum.;G Voshage.;J Lammer.;F Beyersdorf.;D Töllner.;G Kretschmer.;G Spillner.;P Polterauer.;G Nagel.;T Hölzenbein.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷1期13-20页
The treatment of aortic aneurysms with endovascular stents or stent-graft prostheses is receiving increasing attention as an alternative to major abdominal surgery. To define the clinical value of this technique, we prospectively studied the use of stent-graft endoprostheses made of nitinol and covered with polyester fabric for the treatment of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms.
3955. Treatment of men with erectile dysfunction with transurethral alprostadil. Medicated Urethral System for Erection (MUSE) Study Group.
作者: H Padma-Nathan.;W J Hellstrom.;F E Kaiser.;R F Labasky.;T F Lue.;W E Nolten.;P C Norwood.;C A Peterson.;R Shabsigh.;P Y Tam.;V A Place.;N Gesundheit.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1997年336卷1期1-7页
Erectile dysfunction in men is common. We evaluated a system by which alprostadil (prostaglandin E1) is delivered transurethrally to treat this disorder.
3956. Intraperitoneal cisplatin plus intravenous cyclophosphamide versus intravenous cisplatin plus intravenous cyclophosphamide for stage III ovarian cancer.
作者: D S Alberts.;P Y Liu.;E V Hannigan.;R O'Toole.;S D Williams.;J A Young.;E W Franklin.;D L Clarke-Pearson.;V K Malviya.;B DuBeshter.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年335卷26期1950-5页
Intravenous platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard primary therapy for advanced ovarian cancer. We conducted a phase 3 trial to compare the effects of intraperitoneal and intravenous cisplatin on the survival of women with previously untreated, stage III, epithelial ovarian cancer.
3957. Improved survival with an implanted defibrillator in patients with coronary disease at high risk for ventricular arrhythmia. Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial Investigators.
作者: A J Moss.;W J Hall.;D S Cannom.;J P Daubert.;S L Higgins.;H Klein.;J H Levine.;S Saksena.;A L Waldo.;D Wilber.;M W Brown.;M Heo.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年335卷26期1933-40页
Unsustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with previous myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction is associated with a two-year mortality rate of about 30 percent. We studied whether prophylactic therapy with an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator, as compared with conventional medical therapy, would improve survival in this high-risk group of patients.
3958. Effect on the duration of mechanical ventilation of identifying patients capable of breathing spontaneously.
作者: E W Ely.;A M Baker.;D P Dunagan.;H L Burke.;A C Smith.;P T Kelly.;M M Johnson.;R W Browder.;D L Bowton.;E F Haponik.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年335卷25期1864-9页
Prompt recognition of the reversal of respiratory failure may permit earlier discontinuation of mechanical ventilation, without harm to the patient.
3959. Efficacy of pamidronate in reducing skeletal complications in patients with breast cancer and lytic bone metastases. Protocol 19 Aredia Breast Cancer Study Group.
作者: G N Hortobagyi.;R L Theriault.;L Porter.;D Blayney.;A Lipton.;C Sinoff.;H Wheeler.;J F Simeone.;J Seaman.;R D Knight.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年335卷24期1785-91页
Bisphosphonates such as pamidronate disodium inhibit osteoclast-induced bone resorption associated with cancer that has metastasized to bone.
3960. The safety of transdermal nicotine as an aid to smoking cessation in patients with cardiac disease.
作者: A M Joseph.;S M Norman.;L H Ferry.;A V Prochazka.;E C Westman.;B G Steele.;S E Sherman.;M Cleveland.;D O Antonuccio.;N Hartman.;P G McGovern.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年335卷24期1792-8页
Transdermal nicotine therapy is widely used to aid smoking cessation, but there is uncertainty about its safety in patients with cardiac disease.
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