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3641. Risk of persistent growth impairment after alternate-day prednisone treatment in children with cystic fibrosis.
作者: H C Lai.;S C FitzSimmons.;D B Allen.;M R Kosorok.;B J Rosenstein.;P W Campbell.;P M Farrell.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷12期851-9页
It is uncertain whether the growth impairment that occurs in children during long-term treatment with glucocorticoids persists after the medication is discontinued and ultimately affects adult height.
3642. Abnormal myocardial phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in women with chest pain but normal coronary angiograms.
作者: S D Buchthal.;J A den Hollander.;C N Merz.;W J Rogers.;C J Pepine.;N Reichek.;B L Sharaf.;S Reis.;S F Kelsey.;G M Pohost.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷12期829-35页
After hospitalization for chest pain, women are more likely than men to have normal coronary-artery angiograms. In such women, myocardial ischemia in the absence of clinically significant coronary-artery obstruction has long been suspected. Most methods for the detection of the metabolic effects of myocardial ischemia are highly invasive. Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) spectroscopy is a noninvasive technique that can directly measure high-energy phosphates in the myocardium and identify metabolic evidence of ischemia.
3643. Etanercept in children with polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group.
作者: D J Lovell.;E H Giannini.;A Reiff.;G D Cawkwell.;E D Silverman.;J J Nocton.;L D Stein.;A Gedalia.;N T Ilowite.;C A Wallace.;J Whitmore.;B K Finck.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷11期763-9页
We evaluated the safety and efficacy of etanercept, a soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (p75):Fc fusion protein, in children with polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis who did not tolerate or had an inadequate response to methotrexate.
3644. A randomized trial of itraconazole in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.
作者: D A Stevens.;H J Schwartz.;J Y Lee.;B L Moskovitz.;D C Jerome.;A Catanzaro.;D M Bamberger.;A J Weinmann.;C U Tuazon.;M A Judson.;T A Platts-Mills.;A C DeGraff.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷11期756-62页
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is a hypersensitivity disorder that can progress from an acute phase to chronic disease. The main treatment is systemic corticosteroids, but data from uncontrolled studies suggest that itraconazole, an orally administered antifungal agent, may be an effective adjunctive therapy.
3646. Prevention of rejection in cardiac transplantation by blockade of the interleukin-2 receptor with a monoclonal antibody.
作者: A Beniaminovitz.;S Itescu.;K Lietz.;M Donovan.;E M Burke.;B D Groff.;N Edwards.;D M Mancini.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷9期613-9页
Alloantigen-activated T cells express the high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor. Specific blockade of this receptor with the human IgG1 monoclonal antibody daclizumab may prevent rejection of allografts after cardiac transplantation without inducing global immunosuppression.
3647. Metronidazole to prevent preterm delivery in pregnant women with asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Network of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units.
作者: J C Carey.;M A Klebanoff.;J C Hauth.;S L Hillier.;E A Thom.;J M Ernest.;R P Heine.;R P Nugent.;M L Fischer.;K J Leveno.;R Wapner.;M Varner.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷8期534-40页
Bacterial vaginosis has been associated with preterm birth. In clinical trials, the treatment of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women who previously had a preterm delivery reduced the risk of recurrence.
3648. Low-dose nitric oxide therapy for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Clinical Inhaled Nitric Oxide Research Group.
作者: R H Clark.;T J Kueser.;M W Walker.;W M Southgate.;J L Huckaby.;J A Perez.;B J Roy.;M Keszler.;J P Kinsella.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷7期469-74页
Inhaled nitric oxide improves gas exchange in neonates, but the efficacy of low-dose inhaled nitric oxide in reducing the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has not been established.
3649. A comparison of continuous thalamic stimulation and thalamotomy for suppression of severe tremor.
作者: P R Schuurman.;D A Bosch.;P M Bossuyt.;G J Bonsel.;E J van Someren.;R M de Bie.;M P Merkus.;J D Speelman.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷7期461-8页
Deep-brain stimulation through an electrode implanted in the thalamus was developed as an alternative to thalamotomy for the treatment of drug-resistant tremor. Stimulation is thought to be as effective as thalamotomy but to have fewer complications. We examined the effects of these two procedures on the functional abilities of patients with drug-resistant tremor due to Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, or multiple sclerosis.
3650. Effect of exercise on coronary endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.
作者: R Hambrecht.;A Wolf.;S Gielen.;A Linke.;J Hofer.;S Erbs.;N Schoene.;G Schuler.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷7期454-60页
Studies of the cardioprotective effects of exercise training in patients with coronary artery disease have yielded contradictory results. Exercise training has been associated with improvement in myocardial perfusion even in patients who have progression of coronary atherosclerosis. We therefore conducted a prospective study of the effect of exercise training on endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.
3651. The effect of weight loss in overweight, lactating women on the growth of their infants.
The retention of weight gained during pregnancy may contribute to obesity. Lactation should promote weight loss, but weight loss is highly variable among lactating women. The risks associated with the restriction of energy intake during lactation have not been adequately evaluated. The purpose of this study was to determine whether weight loss by women during lactation affects the growth of their infants.
3652. Retinopathy and nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes four years after a trial of intensive therapy.
作者: .;John M Lachin.;Saul Genuth.;Patricia Cleary.;Matthew D Davis.;David M Nathan.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷6期381-9页
Among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, intensive therapy (with the aim of achieving near-normal blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations [hemoglobin A1c]) markedly reduces the risk of microvascular complications as compared with conventional therapy. To assess whether these benefits persist, we compared the effects of former and intensive conventional therapy on the recurrence and severity of retinopathy and nephropathy for four years after the end of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT).
3653. Amylase-resistant starch plus oral rehydration solution for cholera.
作者: B S Ramakrishna.;S Venkataraman.;P Srinivasan.;P Dash.;G P Young.;H J Binder.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷5期308-13页
Although standard glucose-based oral rehydration therapy corrects the dehydration caused by cholera, it does not reduce the diarrhea. Short-chain fatty acids, which are produced in the colon from nonabsorbed carbohydrates, enhance sodium absorption. We conducted a study to determine the effects of an orally administered, nonabsorbed starch (i.e., one resistant to digestion by amylase) on fecal fluid loss and the duration of diarrhea in patients with cholera.
3654. The value of routine preoperative medical testing before cataract surgery. Study of Medical Testing for Cataract Surgery.
作者: O D Schein.;J Katz.;E B Bass.;J M Tielsch.;L H Lubomski.;M A Feldman.;B G Petty.;E P Steinberg.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷3期168-75页
Routine preoperative medical testing is commonly performed in patients scheduled to undergo cataract surgery, although the value of such testing is uncertain. We performed a study to determine whether routine testing helps reduce the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative medical complications.
3655. Supplemental perioperative oxygen to reduce the incidence of surgical-wound infection.
Destruction by oxidation, or oxidative killing, is the most important defense against surgical pathogens and depends on the partial pressure of oxygen in contaminated tissue. An easy method of improving oxygen tension in adequately perfused tissue is to increase the concentration of inspired oxygen. We therefore tested the hypothesis that the supplemental administration of oxygen during the perioperative period decreases the incidence of wound infection.
3656. Vitamin E supplementation and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.
Observational and experimental studies suggest that the amount of vitamin E ingested in food and in supplements is associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis.
3657. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.
作者: .;S Yusuf.;P Sleight.;J Pogue.;J Bosch.;R Davies.;G Dagenais.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷3期145-53页
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors improve the outcome among patients with left ventricular dysfunction, whether or not they have heart failure. We assessed the role of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, in patients who were at high risk for cardiovascular events but who did not have left ventricular dysfunction or heart failure.
3658. Urgent colonoscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of severe diverticular hemorrhage.
Although endoscopy is often used to diagnose and treat acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, its role in the management of diverticulosis and lower gastrointestinal bleeding is uncertain.
3659. Noninvasive diagnosis by Doppler ultrasonography of fetal anemia due to maternal red-cell alloimmunization. Collaborative Group for Doppler Assessment of the Blood Velocity in Anemic Fetuses.
作者: G Mari.;R L Deter.;R L Carpenter.;F Rahman.;R Zimmerman.;K J Moise.;K F Dorman.;A Ludomirsky.;R Gonzalez.;R Gomez.;U Oz.;L Detti.;J A Copel.;R Bahado-Singh.;S Berry.;J Martinez-Poyer.;S C Blackwell.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2000年342卷1期9-14页
Invasive techniques such as amniocentesis and cordocentesis are used for diagnosis and treatment in fetuses at risk for anemia due to maternal red-cell alloimmunization. The purpose of our study was to determine the value of noninvasive measurements of the velocity of blood flow in the fetal middle cerebral artery for the diagnosis of fetal anemia.
3660. Hepatic arterial infusion of chemotherapy after resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.
作者: N Kemeny.;Y Huang.;A M Cohen.;W Shi.;J A Conti.;M F Brennan.;J R Bertino.;A D Turnbull.;D Sullivan.;J Stockman.;L H Blumgart.;Y Fong.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1999年341卷27期2039-48页
Two years after undergoing resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer, about 65 percent of patients are alive and 25 percent are free of detectable disease. We tried to improve these outcomes by treating patients with hepatic arterial infusion of floxuridine plus systemic fluorouracil after liver resection.
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