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3541. Effect of early or delayed insertion of tympanostomy tubes for persistent otitis media on developmental outcomes at the age of three years.
作者: J L Paradise.;H M Feldman.;T F Campbell.;C A Dollaghan.;D K Colborn.;B S Bernard.;H E Rockette.;J E Janosky.;D L Pitcairn.;D L Sabo.;M Kurs-Lasky.;C G Smith.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷16期1179-87页
A main indication for the insertion of tympanostomy tubes in infants and young children is persistent otitis media with effusion, reflecting concern that this condition may cause lasting impairments of speech, language, cognitive, and psychosocial development. However, evidence of such relations is inconclusive, and evidence is lacking that the insertion of tympanostomy tubes prevents developmental impairment.
3542. Comparison of coronary-artery bypass surgery and stenting for the treatment of multivessel disease.
作者: P W Serruys.;F Unger.;J E Sousa.;A Jatene.;H J Bonnier.;J P Schönberger.;N Buller.;R Bonser.;M J van den Brand.;L A van Herwerden.;M A Morel.;B A van Hout.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷15期1117-24页
The recent recognition that coronary-artery stenting has improved the short- and long-term outcomes of patients treated with angioplasty has made it necessary to reevaluate the relative benefits of bypass surgery and percutaneous interventions in patients with multivessel disease.
3543. Activity of a specific inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase in the blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the Philadelphia chromosome.
作者: B J Druker.;C L Sawyers.;H Kantarjian.;D J Resta.;S F Reese.;J M Ford.;R Capdeville.;M Talpaz.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷14期1038-42页
BCR-ABL, a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase, is the product of the Philadelphia chromosome. This enzyme is present in virtually all cases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) throughout the course of the disease, and in 20 percent of cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). On the basis of the substantial activity of the inhibitor in patients in the chronic phase, we evaluated STI571 (formerly known as CGP 57148B), a specific inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, in patients who had CML in blast crisis and in patients with ALL who had the Ph chromosome.
3544. Efficacy and safety of a specific inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase in chronic myeloid leukemia.
作者: B J Druker.;M Talpaz.;D J Resta.;B Peng.;E Buchdunger.;J M Ford.;N B Lydon.;H Kantarjian.;R Capdeville.;S Ohno-Jones.;C L Sawyers.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷14期1031-7页
BCR-ABL is a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase that causes chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Since tyrosine kinase activity is essential to the transforming function of BCR-ABL, an inhibitor of the kinase could be an effective treatment for CML.
3545. Preventing recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection who are taking low-dose aspirin or naproxen.
作者: F K Chan.;S C Chung.;B Y Suen.;Y T Lee.;W K Leung.;V K Leung.;J C Wu.;J Y Lau.;Y Hui.;M S Lai.;H L Chan.;J J Sung.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷13期967-73页
Many patients who have had upper gastrointestinal bleeding continue to take low-dose aspirin for cardiovascular prophylaxis or other non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for musculoskeletal pain. It is uncertain whether infection with Helicobacter pylori is a risk factor for bleeding in such patients.
3546. Paroxetine for the prevention of depression induced by high-dose interferon alfa.
作者: D L Musselman.;D H Lawson.;J F Gumnick.;A K Manatunga.;S Penna.;R S Goodkin.;K Greiner.;C B Nemeroff.;A H Miller.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷13期961-6页
Depression commonly complicates treatment with the cytokine interferon alfa-2b. Laboratory animals pretreated with antidepressants have less severe depression-like symptoms after the administration of a cytokine. We sought to determine whether a similar strategy would be effective in humans.
3547. Treatment of chronic granulomatous disease with nonmyeloablative conditioning and a T-cell-depleted hematopoietic allograft.
作者: M E Horwitz.;A J Barrett.;M R Brown.;C S Carter.;R Childs.;J I Gallin.;S M Holland.;G F Linton.;J A Miller.;S F Leitman.;E J Read.;H L Malech.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷12期881-8页
The treatment of chronic granulomatous disease with conventional allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation carries a high risk of serious complications and death. We investigated the feasibility of stem-cell transplantation without ablation of the recipient's bone marrow.
3548. Effects of multisite biventricular pacing in patients with heart failure and intraventricular conduction delay.
作者: S Cazeau.;C Leclercq.;T Lavergne.;S Walker.;C Varma.;C Linde.;S Garrigue.;L Kappenberger.;G A Haywood.;M Santini.;C Bailleul.;J C Daubert.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷12期873-80页
One third of patients with chronic heart failure have electrocardiographic evidence of a major intraventricular conduction delay, which may worsen left ventricular systolic dysfunction through asynchronous ventricular contraction. Uncontrolled studies suggest that multisite biventricular pacing improves hemodynamics and well-being by reducing ventricular asynchrony. We assessed the clinical efficacy and safety of this new therapy.
3549. ABO-incompatible heart transplantation in infants.
作者: L J West.;S M Pollock-Barziv.;A I Dipchand.;K J Lee.;C J Cardella.;L N Benson.;I M Rebeyka.;J G Coles.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷11期793-800页
Transplantation of hearts from ABO-incompatible donors is contraindicated because of the risk of hyperacute rejection mediated by preformed antibodies in the recipient to blood-group antigens of the donor. This contraindication may not apply to newborn infants, who do not yet produce antibodies to T-cell-independent antigens, including the major blood-group antigens.
3550. Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2.
作者: D J Slamon.;B Leyland-Jones.;S Shak.;H Fuchs.;V Paton.;A Bajamonde.;T Fleming.;W Eiermann.;J Wolter.;M Pegram.;J Baselga.;L Norton.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷11期783-92页
The HER2 gene, which encodes the growth factor receptor HER2, is amplified and HER2 is overexpressed in 25 to 30 percent of breast cancers, increasing the aggressiveness of the tumor.
3551. Transplantation of embryonic dopamine neurons for severe Parkinson's disease.
作者: C R Freed.;P E Greene.;R E Breeze.;W Y Tsai.;W DuMouchel.;R Kao.;S Dillon.;H Winfield.;S Culver.;J Q Trojanowski.;D Eidelberg.;S Fahn.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷10期710-9页
Transplantation of human embryonic dopamine neurons into the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease has proved beneficial in open clinical trials. However, whether this intervention would be more effective than sham surgery in a controlled trial is not known.
3552. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis.
作者: G R Bernard.;J L Vincent.;P F Laterre.;S P LaRosa.;J F Dhainaut.;A Lopez-Rodriguez.;J S Steingrub.;G E Garber.;J D Helterbrand.;E W Ely.;C J Fisher.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷10期699-709页
Drotrecogin alfa (activated), or recombinant human activated protein C, has antithrombotic, antiinflammatory, and profibrinolytic properties. In a previous study, drotrecogin alfa activated produced dose-dependent reductions in the levels of markers of coagulation and inflammation in patients with severe sepsis. In this phase 3 trial, we assessed whether treatment with drotrecogin alfa activated reduced the rate of death from any cause among patients with severe sepsis.
3553. Effects of a low-molecular-weight heparin on thrombus regression and recurrent thromboembolism in patients with deep-vein thrombosis.
Low-molecular-weight heparins are frequently used to treat venous thromboembolism, but optimal dosing regimens and clinical outcomes need further definition.
3554. A synthetic pentasaccharide for the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement.
Venous thromboembolism is a frequent complication of total hip replacement. The pentasaccharide Org31540/SR90107A, a highly selective, indirect inhibitor of activated factor X, is the first of a new class of synthetic antithrombotic agents. To determine the optimal dose for phase 3 studies, we conducted a dose-ranging study in which Org31540/SR90107A was compared with a low-molecular-weight heparin, enoxaparin, in patients undergoing total hip replacement.
3555. Lack of effect of induction of hypothermia after acute brain injury.
作者: G L Clifton.;E R Miller.;S C Choi.;H S Levin.;S McCauley.;K R Smith.;J P Muizelaar.;F C Wagner.;D W Marion.;T G Luerssen.;R M Chesnut.;M Schwartz.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷8期556-63页
Induction of hypothermia in patients with brain injury was shown to improve outcomes in small clinical studies, but the results were not definitive. To study this issue, we conducted a multicenter trial comparing the effects of hypothermia with those of normothermia in patients with acute brain injury.
3557. Botulinum toxin A for axillary hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating).
Treatment of primary focal hyperhidrosis is often unsatisfactory. Botulinum toxin A can stop excessive sweating by blocking the release of acetylcholine, which mediates sympathetic neurotransmission in the sweat glands.
3558. Noninvasive ventilation in immunosuppressed patients with pulmonary infiltrates, fever, and acute respiratory failure.
作者: G Hilbert.;D Gruson.;F Vargas.;R Valentino.;G Gbikpi-Benissan.;M Dupon.;J Reiffers.;J P Cardinaud.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷7期481-7页
Avoiding intubation is a major goal in the management of respiratory failure, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. Nevertheless, there are only limited data on the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation in these high-risk patients.
3559. Virologic and immunologic consequences of discontinuing combination antiretroviral-drug therapy in HIV-infected patients with detectable viremia.
作者: S G Deeks.;T Wrin.;T Liegler.;R Hoh.;M Hayden.;J D Barbour.;N S Hellmann.;C J Petropoulos.;J M McCune.;M K Hellerstein.;R M Grant.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年344卷7期472-80页
In many patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, therapy with potent antiretroviral drugs does not result in complete suppression of HIV replication. The effect of cessation of therapy in these patients is unknown.
3560. Fomepizole for the treatment of methanol poisoning.
Methanol poisoning may result in metabolic acidosis, blindness, and death. The inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase is fundamental to the treatment of methanol poisoning. We performed a multicenter study to evaluate fomepizole, an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, in the treatment of patients with methanol poisoning.
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