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3421. Inhaled iloprost for severe pulmonary hypertension.
作者: Horst Olschewski.;Gerald Simonneau.;Nazzareno Galiè.;Timothy Higenbottam.;Robert Naeije.;Lewis J Rubin.;Sylvia Nikkho.;Rudolf Speich.;Marius M Hoeper.;Jürgen Behr.;Jörg Winkler.;Olivier Sitbon.;Wladimir Popov.;H Ardeschir Ghofrani.;Alessandra Manes.;David G Kiely.;Ralph Ewert.;Andreas Meyer.;Paul A Corris.;Marion Delcroix.;Miguel Gomez-Sanchez.;Harald Siedentop.;Werner Seeger.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年347卷5期322-9页
Uncontrolled studies suggested that aerosolized iloprost, a stable analogue of prostacyclin, causes selective pulmonary vasodilatation and improves hemodynamics and exercise capacity in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
3422. Risperidone in children with autism and serious behavioral problems.
作者: James T McCracken.;James McGough.;Bhavik Shah.;Pegeen Cronin.;Daniel Hong.;Michael G Aman.;L Eugene Arnold.;Ronald Lindsay.;Patricia Nash.;Jill Hollway.;Christopher J McDougle.;David Posey.;Naomi Swiezy.;Arlene Kohn.;Lawrence Scahill.;Andres Martin.;Kathleen Koenig.;Fred Volkmar.;Deirdre Carroll.;Allison Lancor.;Elaine Tierney.;Jaswinder Ghuman.;Nilda M Gonzalez.;Marco Grados.;Benedetto Vitiello.;Louise Ritz.;Mark Davies.;James Robinson.;Don McMahon.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年347卷5期314-21页
Atypical antipsychotic agents, which block postsynaptic dopamine and serotonin receptors, have advantages over traditional antipsychotic medications in the treatment of adults with schizophrenia and may be beneficial in children with autistic disorder who have serious behavioral disturbances. However, data on the safety and efficacy of atypical antipsychotic agents in children are limited.
3423. Regression of splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes after treatment of hepatitis C virus infection.
作者: Olivier Hermine.;François Lefrère.;Jean-Pierre Bronowicki.;Xavier Mariette.;Katayoun Jondeau.;Virginie Eclache-Saudreau.;Béatrice Delmas.;Françoise Valensi.;Patrice Cacoub.;Christian Brechot.;Bruno Varet.;Xavier Troussard.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年347卷2期89-94页
Some epidemiologic studies suggest a link between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and some B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. We undertook this study after a patient with splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes had a hematologic response after antiviral treatment of HCV infection.
3424. A controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee.
作者: J Bruce Moseley.;Kimberly O'Malley.;Nancy J Petersen.;Terri J Menke.;Baruch A Brody.;David H Kuykendall.;John C Hollingsworth.;Carol M Ashton.;Nelda P Wray.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年347卷2期81-8页
Many patients report symptomatic relief after undergoing arthroscopy of the knee for osteoarthritis, but it is unclear how the procedure achieves this result. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of arthroscopy for osteoarthritis of the knee.
3425. Use of an inactivated varicella vaccine in recipients of hematopoietic-cell transplants.
作者: Atsuko Hata.;Hideomi Asanuma.;Mary Rinki.;Margaret Sharp.;Ruby M Wong.;Karl Blume.;Ann M Arvin.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年347卷1期26-34页
The reactivation of varicella-zoster virus from latency causes zoster and is common among recipients of hematopoietic-cell transplants.
3426. Lopinavir-ritonavir versus nelfinavir for the initial treatment of HIV infection.
作者: Sharon Walmsley.;Barry Bernstein.;Martin King.;José Arribas.;Gildon Beall.;Peter Ruane.;Margaret Johnson.;David Johnson.;Richard Lalonde.;Anthony Japour.;Scott Brun.;Eugene Sun.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷26期2039-46页
Lopinavir is a newly developed inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease that, when formulated with ritonavir, yields mean trough plasma lopinavir concentrations that are at least 75 times as high as that needed to inhibit replication of wild-type HIV by 50 percent.
3427. Lansoprazole for the prevention of recurrences of ulcer complications from long-term low-dose aspirin use.
作者: Kam Chuen Lai.;Shiu Kum Lam.;Kent Man Chu.;Benjamin C Y Wong.;Wai Mo Hui.;Wayne H C Hu.;George K K Lau.;Wai Man Wong.;Man Fung Yuen.;Annie O O Chan.;Ching Lung Lai.;John Wong.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷26期2033-8页
The role of gastric acid suppression in preventing the recurrence of ulcer complications after the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients taking long-term low-dose aspirin is uncertain.
3428. Fumagillin treatment of intestinal microsporidiosis.
作者: Jean-Michel Molina.;Muriel Tourneur.;Claudine Sarfati.;Sylvie Chevret.;Amaury de Gouvello.;Jean-Gérard Gobert.;Suna Balkan.;Francis Derouin.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷25期1963-9页
Intestinal microsporidiosis due to Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a cause of chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, and wasting in immunocompromised patients. Currently, there is no effective treatment.
3429. Intranasal mupirocin to prevent postoperative Staphylococcus aureus infections.
作者: Trish M Perl.;Joseph J Cullen.;Richard P Wenzel.;M Bridget Zimmerman.;Michael A Pfaller.;Deborah Sheppard.;Jennifer Twombley.;Pamela P French.;Loreen A Herwaldt.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷24期1871-7页
Patients with nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus have an increased risk of surgical-site infections caused by that organism. Treatment with mupirocin ointment can reduce the rate of nasal carriage and may prevent postoperative S. aureus infections.
3430. Antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy and the risk of an adverse outcome.
作者: Ruth E Tuomala.;David E Shapiro.;Lynne M Mofenson.;Yvonne Bryson.;Mary Culnane.;Michael D Hughes.;M J O'Sullivan.;Gwendolyn Scott.;Alice M Stek.;Diane Wara.;Marc Bulterys.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷24期1863-70页
Some studies suggest that combination antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection increases the risk of premature birth and other adverse outcomes of pregnancy.
3431. Ventricular pacing or dual-chamber pacing for sinus-node dysfunction.
作者: Gervasio A Lamas.;Kerry L Lee.;Michael O Sweeney.;Russell Silverman.;Angel Leon.;Raymond Yee.;Roger A Marinchak.;Greg Flaker.;Eleanor Schron.;E John Orav.;Anne S Hellkamp.;Stephen Greer.;John McAnulty.;Kenneth Ellenbogen.;Frederick Ehlert.;Roger A Freedman.;N A Mark Estes.;Arnold Greenspon.;Lee Goldman.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷24期1854-62页
Dual-chamber (atrioventricular) and single-chamber (ventricular) pacing are alternative treatment approaches for sinus-node dysfunction that causes clinically significant bradycardia. However, it is unknown which type of pacing results in the better outcome.
3432. Cardiac resynchronization in chronic heart failure.
作者: William T Abraham.;Westby G Fisher.;Andrew L Smith.;David B Delurgio.;Angel R Leon.;Evan Loh.;Dusan Z Kocovic.;Milton Packer.;Alfredo L Clavell.;David L Hayes.;Myrvin Ellestad.;Robin J Trupp.;Jackie Underwood.;Faith Pickering.;Cindy Truex.;Peggy McAtee.;John Messenger.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷24期1845-53页
Previous studies have suggested that cardiac resynchronization achieved through atrial-synchronized biventricular pacing produces clinical benefits in patients with heart failure who have an intraventricular conduction delay. We conducted a double-blind trial to evaluate this therapeutic approach.
3433. A randomized comparison of a sirolimus-eluting stent with a standard stent for coronary revascularization.
作者: Marie-Claude Morice.;Patrick W Serruys.;J Eduardo Sousa.;Jean Fajadet.;Ernesto Ban Hayashi.;Marco Perin.;Antonio Colombo.;G Schuler.;Paul Barragan.;Giulio Guagliumi.;Ferenc Molnàr.;Robert Falotico.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷23期1773-80页
The need for repeated treatment of restenosis of a treated vessel remains the main limitation of percutaneous coronary revascularization. Because sirolimus (rapamycin) inhibits the proliferation of lymphocytes and smooth-muscle cells, we compared a sirolimus-eluting stent with a standard uncoated stent in patients with angina pectoris.
3434. Clinical trial of lamivudine in children with chronic hepatitis B.
作者: Maureen M Jonas.;Jacek Mizerski.;Isabel B Badia.;Jorge A Areias.;Kathleen B Schwarz.;Nancy R Little.;Martin J Greensmith.;Stephen D Gardner.;M Steve Bell.;Etienne M Sokal.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷22期1706-13页
Lamivudine therapy is effective for chronic hepatitis B infection in adults. We evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of lamivudine as a treatment for chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in children.
3435. Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody in new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.
作者: Kevan C Herold.;William Hagopian.;Julie A Auger.;Ena Poumian-Ruiz.;Lesley Taylor.;David Donaldson.;Stephen E Gitelman.;David M Harlan.;Danlin Xu.;Robert A Zivin.;Jeffrey A Bluestone.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷22期1692-8页
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by the pathogenic action of T lymphocytes on insulin-producing beta cells. Previous clinical studies have shown that continuous immune suppression temporarily slows the loss of insulin production. Preclinical studies suggested that a monoclonal antibody against CD3 could reverse hyperglycemia at presentation and induce tolerance to recurrent disease.
3437. Salmeterol for the prevention of high-altitude pulmonary edema.
作者: Claudio Sartori.;Yves Allemann.;Herve Duplain.;Mattia Lepori.;Marc Egli.;Ernst Lipp.;Damian Hutter.;Pierre Turini.;Olivier Hugli.;Stephane Cook.;Pascal Nicod.;Urs Scherrer.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷21期1631-6页
Pulmonary edema results from a persistent imbalance between forces that drive water into the air space and the physiologic mechanisms that remove it. Among the latter, the absorption of liquid driven by active alveolar transepithelial sodium transport has an important role; a defect of this mechanism may predispose patients to pulmonary edema. Beta-adrenergic agonists up-regulate the clearance of alveolar fluid and attenuate pulmonary edema in animal models.
3438. Tissue plasminogen activator in cardiac arrest with pulseless electrical activity.
作者: Riyad B Abu-Laban.;James M Christenson.;Grant D Innes.;Catherina A van Beek.;Karen P Wanger.;R Douglas McKnight.;Iain A MacPhail.;Joe Puskaric.;Richard P Sadowski.;Joel Singer.;Martin T Schechter.;Victor M Wood.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷20期1522-8页
Coronary thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism are common causes of cardiac arrest. We assessed whether the administration of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation would benefit patients with cardiac arrest and pulseless electrical activity of unknown or presumed cardiovascular cause.
3439. Long-term outcomes of immediate repair compared with surveillance of small abdominal aortic aneurysms.
作者: .;J T Powell.;A R Brady.;L C Brown.;F G R Fowkes.;R M Greenhalgh.;C V Ruckley.;S G Thompson.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷19期1445-52页
Two clinical trials, one British and one American, have shown that early, prophylactic elective surgery does not improve five-year survival among patients with small abdominal aortic aneurysms. We report long-term outcomes in the United Kingdom Small Aneurysm Trial.
3440. Immediate repair compared with surveillance of small abdominal aortic aneurysms.
作者: Frank A Lederle.;Samuel E Wilson.;Gary R Johnson.;Donovan B Reinke.;Fred N Littooy.;Charles W Acher.;David J Ballard.;Louis M Messina.;Ian L Gordon.;Edmund P Chute.;William C Krupski.;Steven J Busuttil.;Gary W Barone.;Steven Sparks.;Linda M Graham.;Joseph H Rapp.;Michel S Makaroun.;Gregory L Moneta.;Robert A Cambria.;Raymond G Makhoul.;Darwin Eton.;Howard J Ansel.;Julie A Freischlag.;Dennis Bandyk.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2002年346卷19期1437-44页
Whether elective surgical repair of small abdominal aortic aneurysms improves survival remains controversial.
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