当前位置: 首页 >> 检索结果
321. Single session debriefing after psychological trauma: a meta-analysis.
作者: Arnold A P van Emmerik.;Jan H Kamphuis.;Alexander M Hulsbosch.;Paul M G Emmelkamp.
来源: Lancet. 2002年360卷9335期766-71页
Despite conflicting research findings and uncertain efficacy, single session debriefing is standard clinical practice after traumatic events. We aimed to assess the efficacy of this intervention in prevention of chronic symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and other disorders after trauma.
322. Chemotherapy in adult high-grade glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data from 12 randomised trials.
Trials on the effect of systemic chemotherapy on survival and recurrence in adults with high-grade glioma have had inconclusive results. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of such treatment on survival and recurrence.
323. Direct thrombin inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes: principal results of a meta-analysis based on individual patients' data.
To obtain more reliable and precise estimates of the effect of direct thrombin inhibitors in the management of acute coronary syndromes, including patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, we undertook a meta-analysis based on individual patients' data from randomised trials comparing a direct thrombin inhibitor (hirudin, bivalirudin, argatroban, efegatran, or inogatran) with heparin.
324. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis of all major randomised clinical trials.
作者: Eric Boersma.;Robert A Harrington.;David J Moliterno.;Harvey White.;Pierre Théroux.;Frans Van de Werf.;Anneke de Torbal.;Paul W Armstrong.;Lars C Wallentin.;Robert G Wilcox.;John Simes.;Robert M Califf.;Eric J Topol.;Maarten L Simoons.
来源: Lancet. 2002年359卷9302期189-98页
Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors have been shown to reduce cardiac complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The clinical efficacy of these drugs in acute coronary syndromes, however, is still unclear. We did a meta-analysis of all large randomised trials designed to study the clinical efficacy and safety of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in patients with acute coronary syndromes who were not routinely scheduled to undergo early coronary revascularisation.
325. Role of Helicobacter pylori infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in peptic-ulcer disease: a meta-analysis.
The relation between H pylori infection and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the pathogenesis of peptic-ulcer disease is controversial. We undertook a meta-analysis to address this issue.
326. Detention of people with dangerous severe personality disorders: a systematic review.
UK government proposals to reduce the risks posed by people with "dangerous" severe personality disorders (DSPD) include a new legal framework for indeterminate detention. We aimed to establish the degree to which those operating the framework will be able to predict which people will act violently in the future.
327. Oral triptans (serotonin 5-HT(1B/1D) agonists) in acute migraine treatment: a meta-analysis of 53 trials.
The triptans, selective serotonin 5-HT(1B/1D) agonists, are very effective acute migraine drugs with a well- developed scientific rationale. Seven different triptans will soon be clinically available, making evidence-based selection guidelines necessary. Triptan trials have similar designs, facilitating meta-analysis; this will provide a foundation for using triptans in clinical practice.
328. Cardiovascular protection and blood pressure reduction: a meta-analysis.
Whether antihypertensive drugs offer cardiovascular protection beyond blood pressure lowering has not been established. We aimed to investigate whether pharmacological properties of antihypertensive drugs or reduction of systolic pressure accounted for cardiovascular outcome in hypertensive or high-risk patients.
329. Adjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer: a systematic overview of 8,507 patients from 22 randomised trials.
At least 28 randomised, controlled trials have compared outcomes of surgery for rectal cancer combined with preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy with those of surgery alone. We have done a collaborative meta-analysis of these results to give a more balanced view of the total evidence and to increase statistical precision.
330. Effect of arterial revascularisation on survival: a systematic review of studies comparing bilateral and single internal mammary arteries.
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the commonest major operation in most developed countries. A single internal mammary artery (IMA) graft has proven survival benefits, but the additional survival advantage of a second graft is unknown. We systematically reviewed published studies of bilateral versus single IMA grafts in CABG to assess any differences in survival.
331. Survival and recurrence after concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer of the uterine cervix: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: J A Green.;J M Kirwan.;J F Tierney.;P Symonds.;L Fresco.;M Collingwood.;C J Williams.
来源: Lancet. 2001年358卷9284期781-6页
The US National Cancer Institute alert in February, 1999, stated that concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be considered for all patients with cervical cancer. Our aim was to review the effects of chemoradiotherapy on overall and progression-free survival, local and distant control, and acute and late toxicity in patients with cervical cancer.
332. Extended-duration prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after total hip or knee replacement: a meta-analysis of the randomised trials.
The optimum duration of prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after total hip or knee replacement is uncertain. Our primary objective was to establish the efficacy of extended-duration prophylaxis on symptomatic venous thromboembolic events.
334. WHO systematic review of randomised controlled trials of routine antenatal care.
作者: G Carroli.;J Villar.;G Piaggio.;D Khan-Neelofur.;M Gülmezoglu.;M Mugford.;P Lumbiganon.;U Farnot.;P Bersgjø.; .
来源: Lancet. 2001年357卷9268期1565-70页
There is a lack of strong evidence on the effectiveness of the content, frequency, and timing of visits in standard antenatal-care programmes. We undertook a systematic review of randomised trials assessing the effectiveness of different models of antenatal care. The main hypothesis was that a model with a lower number of antenatal visits, with or without goal-oriented components, would be as effective as the standard antenatal-care model in terms of clinical outcomes, perceived satisfaction, and costs.
335. Influence of context effects on health outcomes: a systematic review.
Throughout history, doctor-patient relationships have been acknowledged as having an important therapeutic effect, irrespective of any prescribed drug or treatment. We did a systematic review to determine whether there was any empirical evidence to support this theory.
336. Risks of untreated and treated isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly: meta-analysis of outcome trials.
作者: J A Staessen.;J Gasowski.;J G Wang.;L Thijs.;E Den Hond.;J P Boissel.;J Coope.;T Ekbom.;F Gueyffier.;L Liu.;K Kerlikowske.;S Pocock.;R H Fagard.
来源: Lancet. 2000年355卷9207期865-72页
Previous meta-analysis of outcome trials in hypertension have not specifically focused on isolated systolic hypertension or they have explained treatment benefit mainly in function of the achieved diastolic blood pressure reduction. We therefore undertook a quantitative overview of the trials to further evaluate the risks associated with systolic blood pressure in treated and untreated older patients with isolated systolic hypertension
337. Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood-pressure-lowering drugs: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomised trials. Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration.
This programme of overviews of randomised trials was established to investigate the effects of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood-pressure-lowering drugs on mortality and major cardiovascular morbidity in several populations of patients. We did separate overviews of trials comparing active treatment regimens with placebo, trials comparing more intensive and less intensive blood-pressure-lowering strategies, and trials comparing treatment regimens based on different drug classes.
338. Health outcomes associated with calcium antagonists compared with other first-line antihypertensive therapies: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
作者: M Pahor.;B M Psaty.;M H Alderman.;W B Applegate.;J D Williamson.;C Cavazzini.;C D Furberg.
来源: Lancet. 2000年356卷9246期1949-54页
Several observational studies and individual randomised trials in hypertension have suggested that, compared with other drugs, calcium antagonists may be associated with a higher risk of coronary events, despite similar blood-pressure control. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of calcium antagonists and other antihypertensive drugs on major cardiovascular events.
339. Exercise testing in clinical medicine.
Exercise-induced changes in the electrocardiogram have been used to identify coronary artery disease for almost a century. Over the past decade, however, clinicians have increasingly focused on more expensive diagnostic tools believing them to offer improved diagnostic accuracy. In fact, by incorporating historical data, the simple exercise test can in most cases outperform the newer tests. The use of prediction equations and non-staged exercise protocols can improve the test still further, while advances in the use of the test for prognosis, with the discovery of novel risk factors and the addition of gas analysis, may in the future shift the primary emphasis away from diagnosis. Brief, inexpensive, and done in most cases without the presence of a cardiologist, the exercise test offers the highest value for predictive accuracy of any of the non-invasive tests for coronary artery disease.
340. Efficacy of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors in premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review.
Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are increasingly being used as first-line therapy for severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS). We undertook a meta-analysis on the efficacy of SSRIs in this disorder.
|