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3341. Outpatient oral prednisone after emergency treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
作者: Shawn D Aaron.;Katherine L Vandemheen.;Paul Hebert.;Robert Dales.;Ian G Stiell.;Jan Ahuja.;Garth Dickinson.;Robert Brison.;Brian H Rowe.;Jonathan Dreyer.;Elizabeth Yetisir.;Daniel Cass.;George Wells.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷26期2618-25页
In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we studied the effectiveness of prednisone in reducing the risk of relapse after outpatient exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
3342. A phase 2 study of bortezomib in relapsed, refractory myeloma.
作者: Paul G Richardson.;Bart Barlogie.;James Berenson.;Seema Singhal.;Sundar Jagannath.;David Irwin.;S Vincent Rajkumar.;Gordan Srkalovic.;Melissa Alsina.;Raymond Alexanian.;David Siegel.;Robert Z Orlowski.;David Kuter.;Steven A Limentani.;Stephanie Lee.;Teru Hideshima.;Dixie-Lee Esseltine.;Michael Kauffman.;Julian Adams.;David P Schenkein.;Kenneth C Anderson.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷26期2609-17页
Bortezomib, a boronic acid dipeptide, is a novel proteasome inhibitor that has been shown in preclinical and phase 1 studies to have antimyeloma activity.
3343. The influence of finasteride on the development of prostate cancer.
作者: Ian M Thompson.;Phyllis J Goodman.;Catherine M Tangen.;M Scott Lucia.;Gary J Miller.;Leslie G Ford.;Michael M Lieber.;R Duane Cespedes.;James N Atkins.;Scott M Lippman.;Susie M Carlin.;Anne Ryan.;Connie M Szczepanek.;John J Crowley.;Charles A Coltman.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷3期215-24页
Androgens are involved in the development of prostate cancer. Finasteride, an inhibitor of 5alpha-reductase, inhibits the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, the primary androgen in the prostate, and may reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
3345. Itraconazole to prevent fungal infections in chronic granulomatous disease.
作者: John I Gallin.;David W Alling.;Harry L Malech.;Robert Wesley.;Deloris Koziol.;Beatriz Marciano.;Eli M Eisenstein.;Maria L Turner.;Ellen S DeCarlo.;Judith M Starling.;Steven M Holland.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷24期2416-22页
Chronic granulomatous disease is a rare disorder in which the phagocytes fail to produce hydrogen peroxide. The patients are predisposed to bacterial and fungal infections. Prophylactic antibiotics and interferon gamma have reduced bacterial infections, but there is also the danger of life-threatening fungal infections. We assessed the efficacy of itraconazole as prophylaxis against serious fungal infections in chronic granulomatous disease.
3346. Involved-field radiotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma.
作者: Berthe M P Aleman.;John M M Raemaekers.;Umberto Tirelli.;Roberto Bortolus.;Mars B van 't Veer.;Marnix L M Lybeert.;Jo J Keuning.;Patrice Carde.;Théodore Girinsky.;Richard W M van der Maazen.;Radka Tomsic.;Marjeta Vovk.;Achilles van Hoof.;Geertrui Demeestere.;Pieternella J Lugtenburg.;José Thomas.;Wilfried Schroyens.;Koenraad De Boeck.;Johanna W Baars.;Johanna C Kluin-Nelemans.;Christian Carrie.;Malek Aoudjhane.;Dominique Bron.;Houchingue Eghbali.;Wilma G J M Smit.;Jacobus H Meerwaldt.;Anton Hagenbeek.;Antonella Pinna.;Michel Henry-Amar.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷24期2396-406页
The use of involved-field radiotherapy after chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma is controversial.
3347. Standard and increased-dose BEACOPP chemotherapy compared with COPP-ABVD for advanced Hodgkin's disease.
作者: Volker Diehl.;Jeremy Franklin.;Michael Pfreundschuh.;Bernd Lathan.;Ursula Paulus.;Dirk Hasenclever.;Hans Tesch.;Richard Herrmann.;Bernd Dörken.;Hans-Konrad Müller-Hermelink.;Eckhardt Dühmke.;Markus Loeffler.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷24期2386-95页
Faced with unsatisfactory results of treatment for advanced Hodgkin's disease, we investigated three combinations of chemotherapy.
3348. Prevention of recurrent preterm delivery by 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate.
作者: Paul J Meis.;Mark Klebanoff.;Elizabeth Thom.;Mitchell P Dombrowski.;Baha Sibai.;Atef H Moawad.;Catherine Y Spong.;John C Hauth.;Menachem Miodovnik.;Michael W Varner.;Kenneth J Leveno.;Steve N Caritis.;Jay D Iams.;Ronald J Wapner.;Deborah Conway.;Mary J O'Sullivan.;Marshall Carpenter.;Brian Mercer.;Susan M Ramin.;John M Thorp.;Alan M Peaceman.;Steven Gabbe.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷24期2379-85页
Women who have had a spontaneous preterm delivery are at greatly increased risk for preterm delivery in subsequent pregnancies. The results of several small trials have suggested that 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P) may reduce the risk of preterm delivery.
3349. Intensive diabetes therapy and carotid intima-media thickness in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
作者: David M Nathan.;John Lachin.;Patricia Cleary.;Trevor Orchard.;David J Brillon.;Jye-Yu Backlund.;Daniel H O'Leary.;Saul Genuth.; .; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷23期2294-303页
Cardiovascular disease causes severe morbidity and mortality in type 1 diabetes, although the specific risk factors and whether chronic hyperglycemia has a role are unknown. We examined the progression of carotid intima-media thickness, a measure of atherosclerosis, in a population with type 1 diabetes.
3350. Efficacy of enfuvirtide in patients infected with drug-resistant HIV-1 in Europe and Australia.
作者: Adriano Lazzarin.;Bonaventura Clotet.;David Cooper.;Jacques Reynes.;Keikawus Arastéh.;Mark Nelson.;Christine Katlama.;Hans-Jürgen Stellbrink.;Jean-François Delfraissy.;Joep Lange.;Les Huson.;Ralph DeMasi.;Cynthia Wat.;John Delehanty.;Claude Drobnes.;Miklos Salgo.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷22期2186-95页
The T-20 vs. Optimized Regimen Only Study 2 (TORO 2) compared the efficacy and safety of 24 weeks of treatment with the fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide in combination with an optimized background antiretroviral regimen with the efficacy and safety of the optimized background regimen alone.
3351. A randomized trial of a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity.
作者: Gary D Foster.;Holly R Wyatt.;James O Hill.;Brian G McGuckin.;Carrie Brill.;B Selma Mohammed.;Philippe O Szapary.;Daniel J Rader.;Joel S Edman.;Samuel Klein.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷21期2082-90页
Despite the popularity of the low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat (Atkins) diet, no randomized, controlled trials have evaluated its efficacy.
3352. A low-carbohydrate as compared with a low-fat diet in severe obesity.
作者: Frederick F Samaha.;Nayyar Iqbal.;Prakash Seshadri.;Kathryn L Chicano.;Denise A Daily.;Joyce McGrory.;Terrence Williams.;Monica Williams.;Edward J Gracely.;Linda Stern.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷21期2074-81页
The effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet on weight loss and risk factors for atherosclerosis have been incompletely assessed.
3353. Cost effectiveness of lung-volume-reduction surgery for patients with severe emphysema.
作者: Scott D Ramsey.;Kristin Berry.;Ruth Etzioni.;Robert M Kaplan.;Sean D Sullivan.;Douglas E Wood.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷21期2092-102页
The National Emphysema Treatment Trial, a randomized clinical trial comparing lung-volume-reduction surgery with medical therapy for severe emphysema, included a prospective economic analysis.
3354. A randomized trial comparing lung-volume-reduction surgery with medical therapy for severe emphysema.
作者: Alfred Fishman.;Fernando Martinez.;Keith Naunheim.;Steven Piantadosi.;Robert Wise.;Andrew Ries.;Gail Weinmann.;Douglas E Wood.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷21期2059-73页
Lung-volume-reduction surgery has been proposed as a palliative treatment for severe emphysema. Effects on mortality, the magnitude and durability of benefits, and criteria for the selection of patients have not been established.
3355. High-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem-cell rescue for multiple myeloma.
作者: J Anthony Child.;Gareth J Morgan.;Faith E Davies.;Roger G Owen.;Susan E Bell.;Kim Hawkins.;Julia Brown.;Mark T Drayson.;Peter J Selby.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷19期1875-83页
High-dose therapy with supporting autologous stem-cell transplantation remains a controversial treatment for cancer. In multiple myeloma, first-line regimens incorporating high-dose therapy yield higher remission rates than do conventional-dose treatments, but evidence that this translates into improved survival is limited.
3356. Nitroprusside in critically ill patients with left ventricular dysfunction and aortic stenosis.
作者: Umesh N Khot.;Gian M Novaro.;Zoran B Popović.;Roger M Mills.;James D Thomas.;E Murat Tuzcu.;Donald Hammer.;Steven E Nissen.;Gary S Francis.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷18期1756-63页
Vasodilators are considered to be contraindicated in patients with severe aortic stenosis because of concern that they may precipitate life-threatening hypotension. However, vasodilators such as nitroprusside may improve myocardial performance if peripheral vasoconstriction is contributing to afterload.
3357. A paclitaxel-eluting stent for the prevention of coronary restenosis.
作者: Seung-Jung Park.;Won Heum Shim.;David S Ho.;Albert E Raizner.;Seong-Wook Park.;Myeong-Ki Hong.;Cheol Whan Lee.;Donghoon Choi.;Yangsoo Jang.;Ricky Lam.;Neil J Weissman.;Gary S Mintz.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷16期1537-45页
Intimal hyperplasia and resulting restenosis limit the efficacy of coronary stenting. We studied a coronary stent coated with the antiproliferative agent paclitaxel as a means of preventing restenosis.
3358. Memantine in moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease.
作者: Barry Reisberg.;Rachelle Doody.;Albrecht Stöffler.;Frederick Schmitt.;Steven Ferris.;Hans Jörg Möbius.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷14期1333-41页
Overstimulation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor by glutamate is implicated in neurodegenerative disorders. Accordingly, we investigated memantine, an NMDA antagonist, for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
3359. Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction.
作者: Bertram Pitt.;Willem Remme.;Faiez Zannad.;James Neaton.;Felipe Martinez.;Barbara Roniker.;Richard Bittman.;Steve Hurley.;Jay Kleiman.;Marjorie Gatlin.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷14期1309-21页
Aldosterone blockade reduces mortality and morbidity among patients with severe heart failure. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, on morbidity and mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure.
3360. Cardiovascular effects of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea.
作者: Yasuyuki Kaneko.;John S Floras.;Kengo Usui.;Julie Plante.;Ruzena Tkacova.;Toshihiko Kubo.;Shin-ichi Ando.;T Douglas Bradley.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年348卷13期1233-41页
Obstructive sleep apnea subjects the failing heart to adverse hemodynamic and adrenergic loads and may thereby contribute to the progression of heart failure. We hypothesized that treatment of obstructive sleep apnea by continuous positive airway pressure in patients with heart failure would improve left ventricular systolic function.
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