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3322. Urinary trypsinogen-2 test strip for acute pancreatitis.
作者: J Hedström.;A Korvuo.;P Kenkimäki.;S Tikanoja.;R Haapiainen.;E Kivilaakso.;U H Stenman.
来源: Lancet. 1996年347卷9003期729-30页
A simple, rapid test is specific and sensitive enough to distinguish, in patients with clinically suspected acute pancreatitis, those whose abdominal pain is indeed of pancreatic origin has proved elusive.
3323. Randomised comparative monotherapy trial of phenobarbitone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, or sodium valproate for newly diagnosed childhood epilepsy.
作者: M de Silva.;B MacArdle.;M McGowan.;E Hughes.;J Stewart.;B G Neville.;A L Johnson.;E H Reynolds.
来源: Lancet. 1996年347卷9003期709-13页
The medical treatment of childhood epilepsy is largely influenced by clinical trials in adult patients. We know of only one randomised comparative trial (of two drugs) in newly diagnosed childhood epilepsy. We have undertaken a long-term, prospective, randomised, unmasked, pragmatic trial of the comparative efficacy and toxicity of four standard antiepileptic drugs used as monotherapy in children with newly diagnosed epilepsy.
3324. Effect of increasing dietary folate on red-cell folate: implications for prevention of neural tube defects.
Recommendations by the UK Department of Health suggest that protection from neural tube defects (NTD) can be achieved through intakes of an extra 400 microgram daily of folate/folic acid as natural food, foods fortified with folic acid, or supplements. The assumption is that all three routes of intervention would have equal effects on folate status.
3325. Prevention of deep-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement: direct thrombin inhibition with recombinant hirudin, CGP 39393.
作者: B I Eriksson.;S Ekman.;P Kalebo.;B Zachrisson.;D Bach.;P Close.
来源: Lancet. 1996年347卷9002期635-9页
The frequency of thromboembolism after major orthopaedic surgery continues to be high despite prophylaxis. New agents such as CGP 39393, a recombinant form of hirudin, may be more effective than existing therapies.
3326. Low-molecular-weight heparin during instability in coronary artery disease, Fragmin during Instability in Coronary Artery Disease (FRISC) study group.
来源: Lancet. 1996年347卷9001期561-8页
Intravenous heparin is at least as effective as aspirin in preventing new cardiac events after an episode of unstable coronary artery disease (CAD), though the benefits are short-lived. Low-molecular-weight heparin has similar antithrombotic properties but can be given subcutaneously and is therefore suitable for long-term treatment. We have investigated whether subcutaneous low- molecular-weight heparin, in addition to aspirin and antianginal drugs, is protective against new cardiac events in unstable CAD.
3327. Haloperidol antagonism of cue-elicited cocaine craving.
作者: S P Berger.;S Hall.;J D Mickalian.;M S Reid.;C A Crawford.;K Delucchi.;K Carr.;S Hall.
来源: Lancet. 1996年347卷9000期504-8页
Studies of cocaine-dependent subjects have shown that re-exposure to environmental cues previously associated with cocaine use produces a strong conditioned response characterised by autonomic hyperarousal and increases in subjective measures of cocaine craving.
3332. Randomised trial of filgrastim-mobilised peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation versus autologous bone-marrow transplantation in lymphoma patients.
作者: N Schmitz.;D C Linch.;P Dreger.;A H Goldstone.;M A Boogaerts.;A Ferrant.;H M Demuynck.;H Link.;A Zander.;A Barge.
来源: Lancet. 1996年347卷8998期353-7页
A randomised trial comparing filgrastim-mobilised peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) transplants with autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) for haematopoietic stem cell support has not been done. We compared the effects of filgrastim-mobilised PBPC or autologous bone marrow reinfused to lymphoma patients after high-dose chemotherapy in a prospective randomised multicentre trial.
3333. Randomised placebo-controlled study of stopping second-line drugs in rheumatoid arthritis.
作者: S ten Wolde.;F C Breedveld.;J Hermans.;J P Vandenbroucke.;M A van de Laar.;H M Markusse.;M Janssen.;H R van den Brink.;B A Dijkmans.
来源: Lancet. 1996年347卷8998期347-52页
A favourable benefit/risk ratio for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with second-line drugs has been established only in short-term studies. The present investigation addresses the question of whether RA patients with a good response to long-term treatment with second-line drugs benefit from continuation of such treatment.
3335. Treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor for epirubicin-induced dilated cardiomyopathy.
Anthracycline chemotherapy in cancer can cause severe, frequently fatal congestive heart failure (CHF), the first-line treatment for which is diuretics and digoxin. We have studied the use of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitor added as a third agent.
3336. Comparison of leg compression stocking and oral horse-chestnut seed extract therapy in patients with chronic venous insufficiency.
Diseases of the venous system are widespread disorders sometimes associated with modern civilisation and are among the major concerns of social and occupational medicine. This study was carried out to compare the efficacy (oedema reduction) and safety of compression stockings class II and dried horse chestnut seed extract (HCSE, 50 mg aescin, twice daily).
3337. Mild hypothermia increases blood loss and transfusion requirements during total hip arthroplasty.
In-vitro studies indicate that platelet function and the coagulation cascade are impaired by hypothermia. However, the extent to which perioperative hypothermia influences bleeding during surgery remains unknown. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that mild hypothermia increases blood loss and allogeneic transfusion requirements during hip arthroplasty.
3338. Detection of virus in vertically exposed HIV-antibody-negative children.
作者: M L Newell.;D Dunn.;A De Maria.;A Ferrazin.;A De Rossi.;C Giaquinto.;J Levy.;A Alimenti.;A Ehrnst.;A B Bohlin.
来源: Lancet. 1996年347卷8996期213-5页
HIV-infected mothers can transmit their infection to their children in utero or at delivery (vertical transmission). There have been cases of children who were reported as acquiring infection vertically and later clearing the infection. We report the frequency of this phenomenon in a European cohort study.
3340. Randomised trial of oral morphine for chronic non-cancer pain.
The use of opioid analgesics for chronic non-cancer pain is controversial. Some surveys report good pain relief and improvement in performance while others suggest a poor outcome with a propensity to psychological dependence or addiction.
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