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3301. Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both.
作者: Marc A Pfeffer.;John J V McMurray.;Eric J Velazquez.;Jean-Lucien Rouleau.;Lars Køber.;Aldo P Maggioni.;Scott D Solomon.;Karl Swedberg.;Frans Van de Werf.;Harvey White.;Jeffrey D Leimberger.;Marc Henis.;Susan Edwards.;Steven Zelenkofske.;Mary Ann Sellers.;Robert M Califf.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷20期1893-906页
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as captopril reduce mortality and cardiovascular morbidity among patients with myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular systolic dysfunction, heart failure, or both. In a double-blind trial, we compared the effect of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan, the ACE inhibitor captopril, and the combination of the two on mortality in this population of patients.
3302. A randomized study of prophylactic catheter ablation in asymptomatic patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
作者: Carlo Pappone.;Vincenzo Santinelli.;Francesco Manguso.;Giuseppe Augello.;Ornella Santinelli.;Gabriele Vicedomini.;Simone Gulletta.;Patrizio Mazzone.;Valter Tortoriello.;Alessia Pappone.;Cosimo Dicandia.;Salvatore Rosanio.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷19期1803-11页
Young age and inducibility of atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia or atrial fibrillation during invasive electrophysiological testing identify asymptomatic patients with a Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern on the electrocardiogram as being at high risk for arrhythmic events. We tested the hypothesis that prophylactic catheter ablation of accessory pathways would provide meaningful and durable benefits as compared with no treatment in such patients.
3303. Secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran.
作者: Sam Schulman.;Karin Wåhlander.;Torbjörn Lundström.;Solveig Billing Clason.;Henry Eriksson.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷18期1713-21页
For many patients with venous thromboembolism, secondary prevention with vitamin K antagonists is not extended beyond six months, since the risk of recurrence may be outweighed by the risk of major bleeding.
3304. Comparison of ximelagatran with warfarin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement.
作者: Charles W Francis.;Scott D Berkowitz.;Philip C Comp.;Jay R Lieberman.;Jeffrey S Ginsberg.;Guy Paiement.;Gary R Peters.;Anne W Roth.;Jennifer McElhattan.;Clifford W Colwell.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷18期1703-12页
In a previous study of the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement, the efficacy of ximelagatran, an oral direct thrombin inhibitor that does not require monitoring of coagulation or dose adjustment, was found to be similar to that of warfarin at a dose of 24 mg of ximelagatran twice daily. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether a higher dose of ximelagatran is superior to warfarin.
3305. Subcutaneous fondaparinux versus intravenous unfractionated heparin in the initial treatment of pulmonary embolism.
作者: H R Büller.;B L Davidson.;H Decousus.;A Gallus.;M Gent.;F Piovella.;M H Prins.;G Raskob.;A E M van den Berg-Segers.;R Cariou.;O Leeuwenkamp.;A W A Lensing.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷18期1695-702页
The standard initial treatment of hemodynamically stable patients with pulmonary embolism is intravenous unfractionated heparin, requiring laboratory monitoring and hospitalization.
3306. A randomized trial of letrozole in postmenopausal women after five years of tamoxifen therapy for early-stage breast cancer.
作者: Paul E Goss.;James N Ingle.;Silvana Martino.;Nicholas J Robert.;Hyman B Muss.;Martine J Piccart.;Monica Castiglione.;Dongsheng Tu.;Lois E Shepherd.;Kathleen I Pritchard.;Robert B Livingston.;Nancy E Davidson.;Larry Norton.;Edith A Perez.;Jeffrey S Abrams.;Patrick Therasse.;Michael J Palmer.;Joseph L Pater.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷19期1793-802页
In hormone-dependent breast cancer, five years of postoperative tamoxifen therapy--but not tamoxifen therapy of longer duration--prolongs disease-free and overall survival. The aromatase inhibitor letrozole, by suppressing estrogen production, might improve the outcome after the discontinuation of tamoxifen therapy.
3307. Gentamicin-induced correction of CFTR function in patients with cystic fibrosis and CFTR stop mutations.
作者: Michael Wilschanski.;Yaacov Yahav.;Yasmin Yaacov.;Hannah Blau.;Lea Bentur.;Joseph Rivlin.;Micha Aviram.;Tali Bdolah-Abram.;Zsuzsa Bebok.;Liat Shushi.;Batsheva Kerem.;Eitan Kerem.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷15期1433-41页
Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene containing a premature termination signal cause a deficiency or absence of functional chloride-channel activity. Aminoglycoside antibiotics can suppress premature termination codons, thus permitting translation to continue to the normal end of the transcript. We assessed whether topical administration of gentamicin to the nasal epithelium of patients with cystic fibrosis could result in the expression of functional CFTR channels.
3308. Frequency of major molecular responses to imatinib or interferon alfa plus cytarabine in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia.
作者: Tim P Hughes.;Jaspal Kaeda.;Susan Branford.;Zbigniew Rudzki.;Andreas Hochhaus.;Martee L Hensley.;Insa Gathmann.;Ann E Bolton.;Iris C van Hoomissen.;John M Goldman.;Jerald P Radich.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷15期1423-32页
In a randomized trial, 1106 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase were assigned to imatinib or interferon alfa plus cytarabine as initial therapy. We measured levels of BCR-ABL transcripts in the blood of all patients in this trial who had a complete cytogenetic remission.
3309. A trial of a 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children with and those without HIV infection.
作者: Keith P Klugman.;Shabir A Madhi.;Robin E Huebner.;Robert Kohberger.;Nontombi Mbelle.;Nathaniel Pierce.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷14期1341-8页
Acute respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. We evaluated the efficacy of a 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in a randomized, double-blind study in Soweto, South Africa.
3310. The prevention of radiocontrast-agent-induced nephropathy by hemofiltration.
作者: Giancarlo Marenzi.;Ivana Marana.;Gianfranco Lauri.;Emilio Assanelli.;Marco Grazi.;Jeness Campodonico.;Daniela Trabattoni.;Franco Fabbiocchi.;Piero Montorsi.;Antonio L Bartorelli.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷14期1333-40页
Nephropathy induced by exposure to radiocontrast agents, a possible complication of percutaneous coronary interventions, is associated with significant in-hospital and long-term morbidity and mortality. Patients with preexisting renal failure are at particularly high risk. We investigated the role of hemofiltration, as compared with isotonic-saline hydration, in preventing contrast-agent-induced nephropathy in patients with renal failure.
3311. Sirolimus-eluting stents versus standard stents in patients with stenosis in a native coronary artery.
作者: Jeffrey W Moses.;Martin B Leon.;Jeffrey J Popma.;Peter J Fitzgerald.;David R Holmes.;Charles O'Shaughnessy.;Ronald P Caputo.;Dean J Kereiakes.;David O Williams.;Paul S Teirstein.;Judith L Jaeger.;Richard E Kuntz.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷14期1315-23页
Preliminary reports of studies involving simple coronary lesions indicate that a sirolimus-eluting stent significantly reduces the risk of restenosis after percutaneous coronary revascularization.
3312. Evaluation of D-dimer in the diagnosis of suspected deep-vein thrombosis.
作者: Philip S Wells.;David R Anderson.;Marc Rodger.;Melissa Forgie.;Clive Kearon.;Jonathan Dreyer.;George Kovacs.;Michael Mitchell.;Bernard Lewandowski.;Michael J Kovacs.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷13期1227-35页
Several diagnostic strategies using ultrasound imaging, measurement of D-dimer, and assessment of clinical probability of disease have proved safe in patients with suspected deep-vein thrombosis, but they have not been compared in randomized trials.
3313. The effects of parathyroid hormone, alendronate, or both in men with osteoporosis.
作者: Joel S Finkelstein.;Annmarie Hayes.;Joy L Hunzelman.;Jason J Wyland.;Hang Lee.;Robert M Neer.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷13期1216-26页
Because parathyroid hormone increases both bone formation and bone resorption, it is possible that combining parathyroid hormone with an antiresorptive agent will enhance its effect on bone mineral density.
3314. The effects of parathyroid hormone and alendronate alone or in combination in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
作者: Dennis M Black.;Susan L Greenspan.;Kristine E Ensrud.;Lisa Palermo.;Joan A McGowan.;Thomas F Lang.;Patrick Garnero.;Mary L Bouxsein.;John P Bilezikian.;Clifford J Rosen.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷13期1207-15页
Parathyroid hormone increases bone strength primarily by stimulating bone formation, whereas antiresorptive drugs reduce bone resorption. We conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical study of parathyroid hormone and alendronate to test the hypothesis that the concurrent administration of the two agents would increase bone density more than the use of either one alone.
3315. A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
作者: Mark A Crowther.;Jeff S Ginsberg.;Jim Julian.;Judah Denburg.;Jack Hirsh.;James Douketis.;Carl Laskin.;Paul Fortin.;David Anderson.;Clive Kearon.;Ann Clarke.;William Geerts.;Melissa Forgie.;David Green.;Lorrie Costantini.;Wendy Yacura.;Sarah Wilson.;Michael Gent.;Michael J Kovacs.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷12期1133-8页
Many patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and recurrent thrombosis receive doses of warfarin adjusted to achieve an international normalized ratio (INR) of more than 3.0. However, there are no prospective data to support this approach to thromboprophylaxis.
3316. Substitution of nevirapine, efavirenz, or abacavir for protease inhibitors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
作者: Esteban Martínez.;Juan A Arnaiz.;Daniel Podzamczer.;David Dalmau.;Esteban Ribera.;Pere Domingo.;Hernando Knobel.;Melcior Riera.;Enric Pedrol.;Lluis Force.;Josep M Llibre.;Ferran Segura.;Cristóbal Richart.;Cristina Cortés.;Manuel Javaloyas.;Miquel Aranda.;Ana Cruceta.;Elisa de Lazzari.;José M Gatell.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷11期1036-46页
We assessed the strategy of substituting nevirapine, efavirenz, or abacavir for a protease inhibitor in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in whom virologic suppression had been achieved.
3317. Oxygen-saturation targets and outcomes in extremely preterm infants.
作者: Lisa Maree Askie.;David John Henderson-Smart.;Les Irwig.;Judy Margaret Simpson.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷10期959-67页
Physiological studies have shown that chronic hypoxemia may occur in preterm infants who require supplemental oxygen for extended periods and that this hypoxemia may contribute to poor growth and development. Anecdotal reports and uncontrolled observational studies have suggested that a higher oxygen-saturation range may be beneficial in terms of growth and development.
3318. Office-based treatment of opiate addiction with a sublingual-tablet formulation of buprenorphine and naloxone.
作者: Paul J Fudala.;T Peter Bridge.;Susan Herbert.;William O Williford.;C Nora Chiang.;Karen Jones.;Joseph Collins.;Dennis Raisch.;Paul Casadonte.;R Jeffrey Goldsmith.;Walter Ling.;Usha Malkerneker.;Laura McNicholas.;John Renner.;Susan Stine.;Donald Tusel.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷10期949-58页
Office-based treatment of opiate addiction with a sublingual-tablet formulation of buprenorphine and naloxone has been proposed, but its efficacy and safety have not been well studied.
3319. Inhibition of food intake in obese subjects by peptide YY3-36.
作者: Rachel L Batterham.;Mark A Cohen.;Sandra M Ellis.;Carel W Le Roux.;Dominic J Withers.;Gary S Frost.;Mohammad A Ghatei.;Stephen R Bloom.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷10期941-8页
The gut hormone fragment peptide YY3-36 (PYY) reduces appetite and food intake when infused into subjects of normal weight. In common with the adipocyte hormone leptin, PYY reduces food intake by modulating appetite circuits in the hypothalamus. However, in obesity there is a marked resistance to the action of leptin, which greatly limits its therapeutic effectiveness. We investigated whether obese subjects were also resistant to the anorectic effects of PYY.
3320. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus cystectomy compared with cystectomy alone for locally advanced bladder cancer.
作者: H Barton Grossman.;Ronald B Natale.;Catherine M Tangen.;V O Speights.;Nicholas J Vogelzang.;Donald L Trump.;Ralph W deVere White.;Michael F Sarosdy.;David P Wood.;Derek Raghavan.;E David Crawford.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷9期859-66页
Despite aggressive local therapy, patients with locally advanced bladder cancer are at significant risk for metastases. We evaluated the ability of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to improve the outcome in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer who were treated with radical cystectomy.
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