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3281. A trial of antiparasitic treatment to reduce the rate of seizures due to cerebral cysticercosis.
作者: Héctor H Garcia.;E Javier Pretell.;Robert H Gilman.;S Manuel Martinez.;Lawrence H Moulton.;Oscar H Del Brutto.;Genaro Herrera.;Carlton A W Evans.;Armando E Gonzalez.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年350卷3期249-58页
Neurocysticercosis is the main cause of adult-onset seizures in the developing world. Whether therapy with antiparasitic agents results in improved seizure control has been questioned because of the lack of adequate, controlled studies.
3282. A clinical trial of abciximab in elective percutaneous coronary intervention after pretreatment with clopidogrel.
作者: Adnan Kastrati.;Julinda Mehilli.;Helmut Schühlen.;Josef Dirschinger.;Franz Dotzer.;Jurriën M ten Berg.;Franz-Josef Neumann.;Hildegard Bollwein.;Christian Volmer.;Meinrad Gawaz.;Peter B Berger.;Albert Schömig.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年350卷3期232-8页
Whether the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor abciximab is beneficial in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention after pretreatment with clopidogrel is unknown.
3283. A polymer-based, paclitaxel-eluting stent in patients with coronary artery disease.
作者: Gregg W Stone.;Stephen G Ellis.;David A Cox.;James Hermiller.;Charles O'Shaughnessy.;James Tift Mann.;Mark Turco.;Ronald Caputo.;Patrick Bergin.;Joel Greenberg.;Jeffrey J Popma.;Mary E Russell.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年350卷3期221-31页
Restenosis after coronary stenting necessitates repeated percutaneous or surgical revascularization procedures. The delivery of paclitaxel to the site of vascular injury may reduce the incidence of neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis.
3284. A placebo-controlled trial of interferon gamma-1b in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
作者: Ganesh Raghu.;Kevin K Brown.;Williamson Z Bradford.;Karen Starko.;Paul W Noble.;David A Schwartz.;Talmadge E King.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年350卷2期125-33页
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive, fatal disease with no known efficacious therapy.
3285. Efficacy and safety of low-dose aspirin in polycythemia vera.
作者: Raffaele Landolfi.;Roberto Marchioli.;Jack Kutti.;Heinz Gisslinger.;Gianni Tognoni.;Carlo Patrono.;Tiziano Barbui.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年350卷2期114-24页
The use of aspirin for the prevention of thrombotic complications in polycythemia vera is controversial.
3286. A comparison of vasopressin and epinephrine for out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
作者: Volker Wenzel.;Anette C Krismer.;H Richard Arntz.;Helmut Sitter.;Karl H Stadlbauer.;Karl H Lindner.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年350卷2期105-13页
Vasopressin is an alternative to epinephrine for vasopressor therapy during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, but clinical experience with this treatment has been limited.
3287. A randomized comparison of off-pump and on-pump multivessel coronary-artery bypass surgery.
作者: Natasha E Khan.;Anthony De Souza.;Rebecca Mister.;Marcus Flather.;Jonathan Clague.;Simon Davies.;Peter Collins.;Duolao Wang.;Ulrich Sigwart.;John Pepper.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年350卷1期21-8页
The effect of the use of coronary-artery bypass surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiac arrest ("off pump") on graft patency remains uncertain. We undertook a prospective, randomized, controlled study to compare graft-patency rates and clinical outcomes in off-pump surgery with conventional, "on-pump" surgery.
3288. Once-daily valacyclovir to reduce the risk of transmission of genital herpes.
作者: Lawrence Corey.;Anna Wald.;Raj Patel.;Stephen L Sacks.;Stephen K Tyring.;Terri Warren.;John M Douglas.;Jorma Paavonen.;R Ashley Morrow.;Karl R Beutner.;Leonid S Stratchounsky.;Gregory Mertz.;Oliver N Keene.;Helen A Watson.;Dereck Tait.;Mauricio Vargas-Cortes.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年350卷1期11-20页
Nucleoside analogues against herpes simplex virus (HSV) have been shown to suppress shedding of HSV type 2 (HSV-2) on genital mucosal surfaces and may prevent sexual transmission of HSV.
3289. The effect of oral sucrose on exercise tolerance in patients with McArdle's disease.
Energy metabolism in muscles relies predominantly on the breakdown of glycogen early in exercise. In patients with McArdle's disease, blocked glycogenolysis in muscles results in low exercise tolerance and can lead to muscle injury, particularly in the first minutes of exercise. We hypothesized that ingesting sucrose before exercise would increase the availability of glucose and would therefore improve exercise tolerance in patients with McArdle's disease.
3290. Single versus double autologous stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma.
作者: Michel Attal.;Jean-Luc Harousseau.;Thierry Facon.;François Guilhot.;Chantal Doyen.;Jean-Gabriel Fuzibet.;Mathieu Monconduit.;Cyrille Hulin.;Denis Caillot.;Reda Bouabdallah.;Laurent Voillat.;Jean-Jacques Sotto.;Bernard Grosbois.;Regis Bataille.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷26期2495-502页
We conducted a randomized trial of the treatment of multiple myeloma with high-dose chemotherapy followed by either one or two successive autologous stem-cell transplantations.
3291. The long-term effect of doxazosin, finasteride, and combination therapy on the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
作者: John D McConnell.;Claus G Roehrborn.;Oliver M Bautista.;Gerald L Andriole.;Christopher M Dixon.;John W Kusek.;Herbert Lepor.;Kevin T McVary.;Leroy M Nyberg.;Harry S Clarke.;E David Crawford.;Ananias Diokno.;John P Foley.;Harris E Foster.;Stephen C Jacobs.;Steven A Kaplan.;Karl J Kreder.;Michael M Lieber.;M Scott Lucia.;Gary J Miller.;Mani Menon.;Douglas F Milam.;Joe W Ramsdell.;Noah S Schenkman.;Kevin M Slawin.;Joseph A Smith.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷25期2387-98页
Benign prostatic hyperplasia is commonly treated with alpha-adrenergic-receptor antagonists (alpha-blockers) or 5alpha-reductase inhibitors. The long-term effect of these drugs, singly or combined, on the risk of clinical progression is unknown.
3292. Comparison of four-drug regimens and pairs of sequential three-drug regimens as initial therapy for HIV-1 infection.
作者: Robert W Shafer.;Laura M Smeaton.;Gregory K Robbins.;Victor De Gruttola.;Sally W Snyder.;Richard T D'Aquila.;Victoria A Johnson.;Gene D Morse.;Mostafa A Nokta.;Ana I Martinez.;Barbara M Gripshover.;Pamposh Kaul.;Richard Haubrich.;Mary Swingle.;S Debra McCarty.;Stefano Vella.;Martin S Hirsch.;Thomas C Merigan.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷24期2304-15页
It is unclear whether therapy for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) should be initiated with a four-drug or two sequential three-drug regimens.
3293. Comparison of sequential three-drug regimens as initial therapy for HIV-1 infection.
作者: Gregory K Robbins.;Victor De Gruttola.;Robert W Shafer.;Laura M Smeaton.;Sally W Snyder.;Carla Pettinelli.;Michael P Dubé.;Margaret A Fischl.;Richard B Pollard.;Robert Delapenha.;Linda Gedeon.;Charles van der Horst.;Robert L Murphy.;Mark I Becker.;Richard T D'Aquila.;Stefano Vella.;Thomas C Merigan.;Martin S Hirsch.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷24期2293-303页
The optimal sequencing of antiretroviral regimens for the treatment of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is unknown. We compared several different antiretroviral treatment strategies.
3294. Inhaled nitric oxide in premature infants with the respiratory distress syndrome.
作者: Michael D Schreiber.;Karen Gin-Mestan.;Jeremy D Marks.;Dezheng Huo.;Grace Lee.;Pimol Srisuparp.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷22期2099-107页
Inhaled nitric oxide improves gas exchange, decreases pulmonary vascular lability, and reduces pulmonary inflammation. We hypothesized that the use of inhaled nitric oxide would decrease the incidence of chronic lung disease and death in premature infants with the respiratory distress syndrome.
3295. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy for organ preservation in advanced laryngeal cancer.
作者: Arlene A Forastiere.;Helmuth Goepfert.;Moshe Maor.;Thomas F Pajak.;Randal Weber.;William Morrison.;Bonnie Glisson.;Andy Trotti.;John A Ridge.;Clifford Chao.;Glen Peters.;Ding-Jen Lee.;Andrea Leaf.;John Ensley.;Jay Cooper.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷22期2091-8页
Induction chemotherapy with cisplatin plus fluorouracil followed by radiotherapy is the standard alternative to total laryngectomy for patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer. The value of adding chemotherapy to radiotherapy and the optimal timing of chemotherapy are unknown.
3296. Etanercept as monotherapy in patients with psoriasis.
作者: Craig L Leonardi.;Jerold L Powers.;Robert T Matheson.;Bernard S Goffe.;Ralph Zitnik.;Andrea Wang.;Alice B Gottlieb.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷21期2014-22页
Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of etanercept, a TNF antagonist, for the treatment of plaque psoriasis.
3297. A novel targeted T-cell modulator, efalizumab, for plaque psoriasis.
作者: Mark Lebwohl.;Stephen K Tyring.;Tiffani K Hamilton.;Darryl Toth.;Scott Glazer.;Naji H Tawfik.;Patricia Walicke.;Wolfgang Dummer.;Xiaolin Wang.;Marvin R Garovoy.;David Pariser.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷21期2004-13页
Interactions between leukocyte-function-associated antigen type 1 (LFA-1) and intercellular adhesion molecules are important in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Efalizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, binds to the alpha subunit (CD11a) of LFA-1 and inhibits the activation of T cells.
3298. End-of-life care and the effects of bereavement on family caregivers of persons with dementia.
作者: Richard Schulz.;Aaron B Mendelsohn.;William E Haley.;Diane Mahoney.;Rebecca S Allen.;Song Zhang.;Larry Thompson.;Steven H Belle.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷20期1936-42页
Although family caregiving has been intensively studied in the past decade, little attention has been paid to the impact of end-of-life care on caregivers who are family members of persons with dementia or to the caregivers' responses to the death of the patient.
3299. A randomized trial of fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion for severe fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
作者: Michael R Harrison.;Roberta L Keller.;Samuel B Hawgood.;Joseph A Kitterman.;Per L Sandberg.;Diana L Farmer.;Hanmin Lee.;Roy A Filly.;Jody A Farrell.;Craig T Albanese.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷20期1916-24页
Experimental and clinical data suggest that fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion to induce lung growth may improve the outcome of severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia. We performed a randomized, controlled trial comparing fetal tracheal occlusion with standard postnatal care.
3300. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by selective inhibition of T-cell activation with fusion protein CTLA4Ig.
作者: Joel M Kremer.;Rene Westhovens.;Marc Leon.;Eduardo Di Giorgio.;Rieke Alten.;Serge Steinfeld.;Anthony Russell.;Maxime Dougados.;Paul Emery.;Isaac F Nuamah.;G Rhys Williams.;Jean-Claude Becker.;David T Hagerty.;Larry W Moreland.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2003年349卷20期1907-15页
Effective new therapies are needed for rheumatoid arthritis. Current therapies target the products of activated macrophages; however, T cells also have an important role in rheumatoid arthritis. A fusion protein--cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4-IgG1 (CTLA4Ig)--is the first in a new class of drugs known as costimulation blockers being evaluated for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. CTLA4Ig binds to CD80 and CD86 on antigen-presenting cells, blocking the engagement of CD28 on T cells and preventing T-cell activation. A preliminary study showed that CTLA4Ig may be effective for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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