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3221. Results of a home-based environmental intervention among urban children with asthma.
作者: Wayne J Morgan.;Ellen F Crain.;Rebecca S Gruchalla.;George T O'Connor.;Meyer Kattan.;Richard Evans.;James Stout.;George Malindzak.;Ernestine Smartt.;Marshall Plaut.;Michelle Walter.;Benjamin Vaughn.;Herman Mitchell.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷11期1068-80页
Children with asthma who live in the inner city are exposed to multiple indoor allergens and environmental tobacco smoke in their homes. Reductions in these triggers of asthma have been difficult to achieve and have seldom been associated with decreased morbidity from asthma. The objective of this study was to determine whether an environmental intervention tailored to each child's allergic sensitization and environmental risk factors could improve asthma-related outcomes.
3222. Recombinant human leptin in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea.
作者: Corrine K Welt.;Jean L Chan.;John Bullen.;Robyn Murphy.;Patricia Smith.;Alex M DePaoli.;Aspasia Karalis.;Christos S Mantzoros.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷10期987-97页
Disruptions in hypothalamic-gonadal and other endocrine axes due to energy deficits are associated with low levels of the adipocyte-secreted hormone leptin and may result in hypothalamic amenorrhea. We hypothesized that exogenous recombinant leptin replacement would improve reproductive and neuroendocrine function in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea.
3223. Lumpectomy plus tamoxifen with or without irradiation in women 70 years of age or older with early breast cancer.
作者: Kevin S Hughes.;Lauren A Schnaper.;Donald Berry.;Constance Cirrincione.;Beryl McCormick.;Brenda Shank.;Judith Wheeler.;Lorraine A Champion.;Thomas J Smith.;Barbara L Smith.;Charles Shapiro.;Hyman B Muss.;Eric Winer.;Clifford Hudis.;William Wood.;David Sugarbaker.;I Craig Henderson.;Larry Norton.; .; .; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷10期971-7页
In women 70 years of age or older who have early breast cancer, it is unclear whether lumpectomy plus tamoxifen is as effective as lumpectomy followed by tamoxifen plus radiation therapy.
3224. Tamoxifen with or without breast irradiation in women 50 years of age or older with early breast cancer.
作者: Anthony W Fyles.;David R McCready.;Lee A Manchul.;Maureen E Trudeau.;Patricia Merante.;Melania Pintilie.;Lorna M Weir.;Ivo A Olivotto.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷10期963-70页
We determined the effect of breast irradiation plus tamoxifen on disease-free survival and local relapse in women 50 years of age or older who had T1 or T2 node-negative breast cancer.
3225. Effect of recombinant surfactant protein C-based surfactant on the acute respiratory distress syndrome.
作者: Roger G Spragg.;James F Lewis.;Hans-Dieter Walmrath.;Jay Johannigman.;Geoff Bellingan.;Pierre-Francois Laterre.;Michael C Witte.;Guy A Richards.;Gerd Rippin.;Frank Rathgeb.;Dietrich Häfner.;Friedemann J H Taut.;Werner Seeger.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷9期884-92页
Preclinical studies suggest that exogenous surfactant may be of value in the treatment of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and two phase 2 clinical trials have shown a trend toward benefit. We conducted two phase 3 studies of a protein-containing surfactant in adults with ARDS.
3226. Maintenance fluconazole therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.
作者: Jack D Sobel.;Harold C Wiesenfeld.;Mark Martens.;Penny Danna.;Thomas M Hooton.;Anne Rompalo.;Malcolm Sperling.;Charles Livengood.;Benson Horowitz.;James Von Thron.;Libby Edwards.;Helene Panzer.;Teng-Chiao Chu.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷9期876-83页
No safe and convenient regimen has proved to be effective for the management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.
3227. Cardiac replacement with a total artificial heart as a bridge to transplantation.
作者: Jack G Copeland.;Richard G Smith.;Francisco A Arabia.;Paul E Nolan.;Gulshan K Sethi.;Pei H Tsau.;Douglas McClellan.;Marvin J Slepian.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷9期859-67页
The CardioWest Total Artificial Heart orthotopically replaces both native cardiac ventricles and all cardiac valves, thus eliminating problems commonly seen in the bridge to transplantation with left ventricular and biventricular assist devices, such as right heart failure, valvular regurgitation, cardiac arrhythmias, ventricular clots, intraventricular communications, and low blood flows.
3228. Circulating tumor cells, disease progression, and survival in metastatic breast cancer.
作者: Massimo Cristofanilli.;G Thomas Budd.;Matthew J Ellis.;Alison Stopeck.;Jeri Matera.;M Craig Miller.;James M Reuben.;Gerald V Doyle.;W Jeffrey Allard.;Leon W M M Terstappen.;Daniel F Hayes.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷8期781-91页
We tested the hypothesis that the level of circulating tumor cells can predict survival in metastatic breast cancer.
3229. Advanced cardiac life support in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
作者: Ian G Stiell.;George A Wells.;Brian Field.;Daniel W Spaite.;Lisa P Nesbitt.;Valerie J De Maio.;Graham Nichol.;Donna Cousineau.;Josée Blackburn.;Doug Munkley.;Lorraine Luinstra-Toohey.;Tony Campeau.;Eugene Dagnone.;Marion Lyver.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷7期647-56页
The Ontario Prehospital Advanced Life Support (OPALS) Study tested the incremental effect on the rate of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of adding a program of advanced life support to a program of rapid defibrillation.
3230. Public-access defibrillation and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
作者: A P Hallstrom.;J P Ornato.;M Weisfeldt.;A Travers.;J Christenson.;M A McBurnie.;R Zalenski.;L B Becker.;E B Schron.;M Proschan.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷7期637-46页
The rate of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is low. It is not known whether this rate will increase if laypersons are trained to attempt defibrillation with the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs).
3231. Peginterferon Alfa-2a plus ribavirin versus interferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-coinfected persons.
作者: Raymond T Chung.;Janet Andersen.;Paul Volberding.;Gregory K Robbins.;Tun Liu.;Kenneth E Sherman.;Marion G Peters.;Margaret J Koziel.;Atul K Bhan.;Beverly Alston.;Dodi Colquhoun.;Tom Nevin.;George Harb.;Charles van der Horst.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷5期451-9页
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a cause of major complications in persons who are also infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the treatment of HCV infection in such persons has been associated with a high rate of intolerance and a low rate of response. We conducted a multicenter, randomized trial comparing peginterferon plus ribavirin with interferon plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in persons coinfected with HIV.
3232. Peginterferon Alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected patients.
作者: Francesca J Torriani.;Maribel Rodriguez-Torres.;Jürgen K Rockstroh.;Eduardo Lissen.;Juan Gonzalez-García.;Adriano Lazzarin.;Giampiero Carosi.;Joseph Sasadeusz.;Christine Katlama.;Julio Montaner.;Hoel Sette.;Sharon Passe.;Jean De Pamphilis.;Frank Duff.;Uschi Marion Schrenk.;Douglas T Dieterich.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷5期438-50页
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly prevalent and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality among persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We compared the efficacy and safety of pegylated interferon alfa-2a (peginterferon alfa-2a) plus either ribavirin or placebo with those of interferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic HCV infection in patients who were also infected with HIV.
3233. Methylprednisolone, valacyclovir, or the combination for vestibular neuritis.
作者: Michael Strupp.;Vera Carina Zingler.;Viktor Arbusow.;Daniel Niklas.;Klaus Peter Maag.;Marianne Dieterich.;Sandra Bense.;Diethilde Theil.;Klaus Jahn.;Thomas Brandt.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷4期354-61页
Vestibular neuritis is the second most common cause of peripheral vestibular vertigo. Its assumed cause is a reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. Therefore, corticosteroids, antiviral agents, or a combination of the two might improve the outcome in patients with vestibular neuritis.
3234. Cetuximab monotherapy and cetuximab plus irinotecan in irinotecan-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer.
作者: David Cunningham.;Yves Humblet.;Salvatore Siena.;David Khayat.;Harry Bleiberg.;Armando Santoro.;Danny Bets.;Matthias Mueser.;Andreas Harstrick.;Chris Verslype.;Ian Chau.;Eric Van Cutsem.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷4期337-45页
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which participates in signaling pathways that are deregulated in cancer cells, commonly appears on colorectal-cancer cells. Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody that specifically blocks the EGFR. We compared the efficacy of cetuximab in combination with irinotecan with that of cetuximab alone in metastatic colorectal cancer that was refractory to treatment with irinotecan.
3235. Higher versus lower positive end-expiratory pressures in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome.
作者: Roy G Brower.;Paul N Lanken.;Neil MacIntyre.;Michael A Matthay.;Alan Morris.;Marek Ancukiewicz.;David Schoenfeld.;B Taylor Thompson.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷4期327-36页
Most patients requiring mechanical ventilation for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) receive positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5 to 12 cm of water. Higher PEEP levels may improve oxygenation and reduce ventilator-induced lung injury but may also cause circulatory depression and lung injury from overdistention. We conducted this trial to compare the effects of higher and lower PEEP levels on clinical outcomes in these patients.
3236. The effect of dexrazoxane on myocardial injury in doxorubicin-treated children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
作者: Steven E Lipshultz.;Nader Rifai.;Virginia M Dalton.;Donna E Levy.;Lewis B Silverman.;Stuart R Lipsitz.;Steven D Colan.;Barbara L Asselin.;Ronald D Barr.;Luis A Clavell.;Craig A Hurwitz.;Albert Moghrabi.;Yvan Samson.;Marshall A Schorin.;Richard D Gelber.;Stephen E Sallan.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷2期145-53页
Doxorubicin chemotherapy is very effective in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) but also injures myocardial cells. Dexrazoxane, a free-radical scavenger, may protect the heart from doxorubicin-associated damage.
3237. Intrapartum exposure to nevirapine and subsequent maternal responses to nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy.
作者: Gonzague Jourdain.;Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong.;Sophie Le Coeur.;Chureeratana Bowonwatanuwong.;Pacharee Kantipong.;Pranee Leechanachai.;Surabhon Ariyadej.;Prattana Leenasirimakul.;Scott Hammer.;Marc Lallemant.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷3期229-40页
A single intrapartum dose of nevirapine for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) leads to the selection of resistance mutations. Whether there are clinically significant consequences in mothers who are subsequently treated with a nevirapine-containing regimen is unknown.
3238. Single-dose perinatal nevirapine plus standard zidovudine to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Thailand.
作者: Marc Lallemant.;Gonzague Jourdain.;Sophie Le Coeur.;Jean Yves Mary.;Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong.;Suporn Koetsawang.;Siripon Kanshana.;Kenneth McIntosh.;Vallop Thaineua.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷3期217-28页
Although zidovudine prophylaxis decreases the rate of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 substantially, a large number of infants still become infected. We hypothesized that the administration, in addition to zidovudine, of a single dose of oral nevirapine to mothers during labor and to neonates would further reduce transmission of HIV.
3239. Endoscopic laser surgery versus serial amnioreduction for severe twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome.
作者: Marie-Victoire Senat.;Jan Deprest.;Michel Boulvain.;Alain Paupe.;Norbert Winer.;Yves Ville.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷2期136-44页
Monochorionic twin pregnancies complicated by severe twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome at midgestation can be treated by either serial amnioreduction (removal of large volumes of amniotic fluid) or selective fetoscopic laser coagulation of the communicating vessels on the chorionic plate. We conducted a randomized trial to compare the efficacy and safety of these two treatments.
3240. A randomized trial of multivitamin supplements and HIV disease progression and mortality.
作者: Wafaie W Fawzi.;Gernard I Msamanga.;Donna Spiegelman.;Ruilan Wei.;Saidi Kapiga.;Eduardo Villamor.;Davis Mwakagile.;Ferdinand Mugusi.;Ellen Hertzmark.;Max Essex.;David J Hunter.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2004年351卷1期23-32页
Results from observational studies suggest that micronutrient status is a determinant of the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease.
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