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301. Mental health of the nursing and midwifery workforce in Wales during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional analysis.
作者: Benjamin J Gray.;Richard G Kyle.;Aimée Challenger.;Alisha R Davies.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400 Suppl 1卷S43页
The mental health of the nursing and midwifery workforce in the UK became a public health concern before the COVID-19 pandemic. Poor mental health is a known factor for those considering leaving the profession, and workforce retention of younger members is crucial for the future of the sector. The aim of this study was to provide up-to-date estimates of mental wellbeing in this workforce in Wales during the COVID-19 pandemic.
302. Implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable London residents: a difference-in-difference study in London, UK.
作者: Sarah W Huf.;Lena Woldmann.;Roberto Fernandez Crespo.;Kate Grailey.;Bahram Hassanpourfard.;Matthew Chisambi.;Kirstie Black.;Joe Nguyen.;Bob Klaber.;Ara Darzi.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400 Suppl 1卷S41页
The UK COVID-19 vaccination programme began in December, 2020. By February, 2021, eight North West London Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) had the lowest vaccination rates nationally. This study evaluated the impact of behavioural science-informed (BI) letters on vaccination uptake.
303. Bayesian reconstruction of household transmissions to infer the serial interval of COVID-19 by variants of concern: analysis from a prospective community cohort study (Virus Watch).
作者: Cyril Geismar.;Vincent Nguyen.;Ellen Fragaszy.;Madhumita Shrotri.;Annalan M D Navaratnam.;Sarah Beale.;Thomas E Byrne.;Wing Lam Erica Fong.;Alexei Yavlinsky.;Jana Kovar.;Isobel Braithwaite.;Robert W Aldridge.;Andrew C Hayward.;Peter White.;Thibaut Jombart.;Anne Cori.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400 Suppl 1卷S40页
The serial interval is a key epidemiological measure that quantifies the time between an infector's and an infectee's onset of symptoms. This measure helps investigate epidemiological links between cases, and is an important parameter in transmission models used to estimate transmissibility and inform control strategies. The emergence of multiple variants of concern (VOC) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to uncertainties about potential changes in the serial interval of COVID-19. We estimated the household serial interval of multiple VOC using data collected by the Virus Watch study. This online, prospective, community cohort study followed-up entire households in England and Wales since mid-June 2020.
304. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people experiencing homelessness: a qualitative interview study in the UK.
People experiencing homelessness faced unique challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, including changes to accommodation availability, societal restrictions impacting access to essentials like food, and services moving to remote access. There is a paucity of in-depth qualitative research exploring how the pandemic affected this population, which this research aims to address.
305. The Peer Education Project to improve mental health literacy in secondary school students in England: a qualitative realist evaluation.
作者: Esther Louise Curtin.;Emily Widnall.;Steve Dodd.;Mark Limmer.;Ruth Simmonds.;Abigail Emma Russell.;Judi Kidger.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400 Suppl 1卷S34页
Worsening of adolescent mental health and exacerbated health inequalities after the COVID-19 pandemic calls for universal preventative strategies. The Mental Health Foundation's school-based Peer Education Project seeks to improve students' mental health literacy through peer educators (aged 14-18 years) teaching peer learners (aged 11-13 years) to recognise good and bad mental health, identify risk and protective factors, and seek help accordingly. Although previous before and after quantitative assessments have found the intervention to be effective, this realist evaluation aimed to qualitatively develop the theory of change, exploring how the mechanisms played out in different contexts to achieve the desired outcomes.
306. Impact of the temporary suspension of the Bowel Screening Wales programme on inequalities during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective register-based study.
作者: Diana Bright.;Jiao Song.;Sharon Hillier.;Dyfed W Huws.;Giles Greene.;Karen Hodgson.;Ashley Akbari.;Rowena Griffiths.;Alisha R Davies.;Ardiana Gjini.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400 Suppl 1卷S25页
Response to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the temporary disruption of routine services in the UK National Health Service, including cancer screening. Following the reintroduction of services, we explored the impact on inequalities in uptake of the Bowel Screening Wales (BSW) programme to identify groups who might benefit from tailored intervention.
307. Engagement of individuals aged 14-25 years with a digital mental health service during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: a cohort study of service usage data.
作者: Aynsley Bernard.;Louisa Salhi.;Santiago de Ossorno Garcia.;Ann John.;Marcos Del Pozo-Baños.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400 Suppl 1卷S20页
Public use of digital mental health technologies has informed several studies focusing on patterns of engagement within user-led digital support systems. General engagement with these services has increased since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore how user engagement patterns with these platforms changed during the pandemic.
308. Food insecurity among pregnant women living in high-income countries: a systematic review.
作者: Gemma Andreae.;Stephanie Scott.;Giang Nguyen.;Zoë Bell.;Hannah Mehmood.;Letitia Sermin-Reed.;Nicola Heslehurst.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400 Suppl 1卷S17页
Food insecurity is an increasingly important public health concern in high-income countries following the 2008 global financial crash, and recently with the COVID-19 pandemic. Food insecurity has been understood as a highly gendered issue, affecting more women than men. As women have more complex nutritional needs because of their menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and breastfeeding, the nutritional impact of food insecurity is also greater for women than for men. This systematic review aims to explore pregnant women's experiences of food insecurity in high-income countries and to understand how food insecurity affects their health, wellbeing, diet, and nutrition.
309. Shifting priorities and employment choices among workers in Wales during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal analysis.
作者: Melda Lois Griffiths.;Benjamin J Gray.;Richard G Kyle.;Alisha R Davies.
来源: Lancet. 2022年400 Suppl 1卷S1页
Employment is a determinant of health. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted working lives, forcing individuals to adapt to new ways of working. These shifts might shape people's priorities and their consideration of changes for future work. We examined how these outcomes differed depending on self-reported health status.
310. Effect of monthly intermittent preventive treatment with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine with and without azithromycin versus monthly sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine on adverse pregnancy outcomes in Africa: a double-blind randomised, partly placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Mwayiwawo Madanitsa.;Hellen C Barsosio.;Daniel T R Minja.;George Mtove.;Reginald A Kavishe.;James Dodd.;Queen Saidi.;Eric D Onyango.;Kephas Otieno.;Duolao Wang.;Ulla Ashorn.;Jenny Hill.;Crispin Mukerebe.;Samwel Gesase.;Omari A Msemo.;Victor Mwapasa.;Kamija S Phiri.;Kenneth Maleta.;Nigel Klein.;Pascal Magnussen.;John P A Lusingu.;Simon Kariuki.;Jacklin F Mosha.;Michael Alifrangis.;Helle Hansson.;Christentze Schmiegelow.;Julie R Gutman.;R Matthew Chico.;Feiko O Ter Kuile.
来源: Lancet. 2023年401卷10381期1020-1036页
Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is more effective than IPTp with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine at reducing malaria infection during pregnancy in areas with high-grade resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine by Plasmodium falciparum in east Africa. We aimed to assess whether IPTp with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, alone or combined with azithromycin, can reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with IPTp with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.
313. Early childhood lower respiratory tract infection and premature adult death from respiratory disease in Great Britain: a national birth cohort study.
作者: James Peter Allinson.;Nishi Chaturvedi.;Andrew Wong.;Imran Shah.;Gavin Christopher Donaldson.;Jadwiga Anna Wedzicha.;Rebecca Hardy.
来源: Lancet. 2023年401卷10383期1183-1193页
Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in early childhood are known to influence lung development and lifelong lung health, but their link to premature adult death from respiratory disease is unclear. We aimed to estimate the association between early childhood LRTI and the risk and burden of premature adult mortality from respiratory disease.
315. Etrasimod as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis (ELEVATE): two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies.
作者: William J Sandborn.;Séverine Vermeire.;Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet.;Marla C Dubinsky.;Julian Panes.;Andres Yarur.;Timothy Ritter.;Filip Baert.;Stefan Schreiber.;Sheldon Sloan.;Fabio Cataldi.;Kevin Shan.;Christopher J Rabbat.;Michael Chiorean.;Douglas C Wolf.;Bruce E Sands.;Geert D'Haens.;Silvio Danese.;Martina Goetsch.;Brian G Feagan.
来源: Lancet. 2023年401卷10383期1159-1171页
Etrasimod, a once-daily, oral, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator that selectively activates S1P receptor subtypes 1, 4, and 5, with no detectable activity on S1P2,3, is in development for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases, including ulcerative colitis. In these two phase 3 trials, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of etrasimod in adult patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis.
316. Confronting the evolution and expansion of anti-vaccine activism in the USA in the COVID-19 era.
作者: Richard M Carpiano.;Timothy Callaghan.;Renee DiResta.;Noel T Brewer.;Chelsea Clinton.;Alison P Galvani.;Rekha Lakshmanan.;Wendy E Parmet.;Saad B Omer.;Alison M Buttenheim.;Regina M Benjamin.;Arthur Caplan.;Jad A Elharake.;Lisa C Flowers.;Yvonne A Maldonado.;Michelle M Mello.;Douglas J Opel.;Daniel A Salmon.;Jason L Schwartz.;Joshua M Sharfstein.;Peter J Hotez.
来源: Lancet. 2023年401卷10380期967-970页 |