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261. Reslizumab for Inadequately Controlled Asthma With Elevated Blood Eosinophil Levels: A Randomized Phase 3 Study.
作者: Leif Bjermer.;Catherine Lemiere.;Jorge Maspero.;Sivan Weiss.;James Zangrilli.;Matthew Germinaro.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷4期789-798页
This phase 3 study further characterizes the efficacy and safety of reslizumab (a humanized anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody) in patients aged 12 to 75 years with asthma inadequately controlled by at least a medium-dose inhaled corticosteroid and with a blood eosinophil count ≥ 400 cells/μL.
262. A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial Comparing the Diagnostic Yield of 21- and 22-Gauge Aspiration Needles for Performing Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration in Sarcoidosis.
作者: Valliappan Muthu.;Nalini Gupta.;Sahajal Dhooria.;Inderpaul Singh Sehgal.;Amanjit Bal.;Ashutosh N Aggarwal.;Digambar Behera.;Ritesh Agarwal.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷4期1111-3页 263. Oxygen With Cold Bubble Humidification Is No Better Than Dry Oxygen in Preventing Mucus Dehydration, Decreased Mucociliary Clearance, and Decline in Pulmonary Function.
作者: Michelle Lisidati Franchini.;Rodrigo Athanazio.;Luis Fernando Amato-Lourenço.;Waldir Carreirão-Neto.;Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva.;Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho.;Bruce K Rubin.;Naomi Kondo Nakagawa.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷2期407-14页
Little is known about the effects of long-term nasal low-flow oxygen (NLFO) on mucus and symptoms and how this variable is affected by dry or cold humidified gas. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dry-NLFO and cold bubble humidified-NLFO on nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC), mucus properties, inflammation, and symptoms in subjects with chronic hypoxemia requiring long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy.
264. B-Type Natriuretic Peptide, Aldosterone, and Fluid Management in ARDS.
作者: Matthew W Semler.;Annis M Marney.;Todd W Rice.;Hui Nian.;Chang Yu.;Arthur P Wheeler.;Nancy J Brown.; .
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期102-11页
Conservative fluid management increases ventilator-free days without influencing overall mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Plasma concentrations of B-type natriuretic peptide (a marker of ventricular filling) or aldosterone (a marker of effective circulating volume) may identify patients for whom fluid management impacts survival.
265. Phase 3 Study of Reslizumab in Patients With Poorly Controlled Asthma: Effects Across a Broad Range of Eosinophil Counts.
作者: Jonathan Corren.;Steven Weinstein.;Lindsay Janka.;James Zangrilli.;Margaret Garin.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷4期799-810页
IL-5, a mediator of eosinophil activity, is an important potential treatment target in patients with uncontrolled asthma. The efficacy of reslizumab, a humanized anti-human IL-5 monoclonal antibody, has been characterized in patients with blood eosinophils ≥ 400 cells/μL. This study further characterizes the efficacy and safety of reslizumab in patients with poorly-controlled asthma, particularly those with eosinophils < 400 cells/μL.
266. Motivational Enhancement for Increasing Adherence to CPAP: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Jessie P Bakker.;Rui Wang.;Jia Weng.;Mark S Aloia.;Claudia Toth.;Michael G Morrical.;Kevin J Gleason.;Michael Rueschman.;Cynthia Dorsey.;Sanjay R Patel.;James H Ware.;Murray A Mittleman.;Susan Redline.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷2期337-45页
Motivational enhancement (ME) shows promise as a means of increasing adherence to CPAP for OSA.
267. Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Cardiovascular Biomarkers: The Sleep Apnea Stress Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Hugo L Paz Y Mar.;Stanley L Hazen.;Russell P Tracy.;Kingman P Strohl.;Dennis Auckley.;James Bena.;Lu Wang.;Harneet K Walia.;Sanjay R Patel.;Reena Mehra.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期80-90页
Although existing research highlights the relationship of OSA and cardiovascular disease, the effect of OSA treatment on cardiovascular biomarkers remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of OSA treatment on oxidative stress/inflammation measures.
268. Protective Cardiovascular Effect of Sleep Apnea Severity in Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome.
作者: Juan F Masa.;Jaime Corral.;Auxiliadora Romero.;Candela Caballero.;Joaquin Terán-Santos.;Maria L Alonso-Álvarez.;Teresa Gomez-Garcia.;Mónica González.;Soledad López-Martín.;Pilar De Lucas.;José M Marin.;Sergi Marti.;Trinidad Díaz-Cambriles.;Eusebi Chiner.;Miguel Merchan.;Carlos Egea.;Ana Obeso.;Babak Mokhlesi.; .
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期68-79页
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is associated with a high burden of cardiovascular morbidity (CVM) and mortality. The majority of patients with OHS have concomitant OSA, but there is a paucity of data on the association between CVM and OSA severity in patients with OHS. The objective of our study was to assess the association between CVM and OSA severity in a large cohort of patients with OHS.
269. Feasibility and Safety of Substituting Lung Ultrasonography for Chest Radiography When Diagnosing Pneumonia in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Brittany Pardue Jones.;Ee Tein Tay.;Inna Elikashvili.;Jennifer E Sanders.;Audrey Z Paul.;Bret P Nelson.;Louis A Spina.;James W Tsung.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期131-8页
Chest radiography (CXR) is the test of choice for diagnosing pneumonia. Lung ultrasonography (LUS) has been shown to be accurate for diagnosing pneumonia in children and may be an alternative to CXR. Our objective was to determine the feasibility and safety of substituting LUS for CXR when evaluating children suspected of having pneumonia.
270. Clinical Utility of a Bronchial Genomic Classifier in Patients With Suspected Lung Cancer.
作者: Anil Vachani.;Duncan H Whitney.;Edward C Parsons.;Marc Lenburg.;J Scott Ferguson.;Gerard A Silvestri.;Avrum Spira.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期210-8页
Bronchoscopy is often the initial diagnostic procedure performed in patients with pulmonary lesions suggestive of lung cancer. A bronchial genomic classifier was previously validated to identify patients at low risk for lung cancer after an inconclusive bronchoscopy. In this study, we evaluated the potential of the classifier to reduce invasive procedure utilization in patients with suspected lung cancer.
271. The Effects of Azithromycin in Treatment-Resistant Cough: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
作者: David Hodgson.;John Anderson.;Catherine Reynolds.;Janet Oborne.;Garry Meakin.;Helen Bailey.;Dominick Shaw.;Kevin Mortimer.;Tim Harrison.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷4期1052-60页
Chronic cough is a common clinical problem worldwide. Although many patients have underlying precipitating conditions such as asthma, gastroesophageal reflux, or rhinitis, many remain symptomatic despite treating these conditions. New approaches are needed for the treatment of this group of patients.
272. Pregabalin and Speech Pathology Combination Therapy for Refractory Chronic Cough: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Anne E Vertigan.;Sarah L Kapela.;Nicole M Ryan.;Surinder S Birring.;Patrick McElduff.;Peter G Gibson.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷3期639-48页
Chronic refractory cough (CRC) is a difficult problem to treat. Speech pathology treatment (SPT) improves symptoms but resolution is incomplete. Centrally acting neuromodulators also improve cough symptoms, but not cough reflex sensitivity, and the effect is short-lived. We hypothesized that combined SPT and centrally acting neuromodulators would have a superior outcome than SPT alone. Our goal was to determine whether combined pregabalin and SPT is more effective than SPT alone.
273. Targeted Fluid Minimization Following Initial Resuscitation in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study.
IV fluid represents a basic therapeutic intervention for septic shock. Unfortunately, the optimal administration of IV fluid to maximize patient outcomes and prevent complications is largely unknown.
274. Effect of e-Cigarette Use on Cough Reflex Sensitivity.
作者: Peter V Dicpinigaitis.;Alfredo Lee Chang.;Alis J Dicpinigaitis.;Abdissa Negassa.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷1期161-5页
E-cigarettes (e-cigs) have attained widespread popularity, yet knowledge of their physiologic effects remains minimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single exposure to e-cig vapor on cough reflex sensitivity.
275. Biomarker Profiles in Asthma With High vs Low Airway Reversibility and Poor Disease Control.
作者: William W Busse.;Stephen T Holgate.;Sally W Wenzel.;Paul Klekotka.;Yun Chon.;JingYuan Feng.;Edward P Ingenito.;Ajay Nirula.
来源: Chest. 2015年148卷6期1489-1496页
High bronchodilator reversibility in adult asthma is associated with distinct clinical characteristics. This analysis compares lung function, biomarker profiles, and disease control in patients with high reversibility (HR) and low reversibility (LR) asthma.
276. A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effects of Olprinone, a Specific Phosphodiesterase III Inhibitor, for Preventing Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Pulmonary Resection for Lung Cancer.
作者: Takashi Nojiri.;Kazuhiro Yamamoto.;Hajime Maeda.;Yukiyasu Takeuchi.;Naoko Ose.;Yoshiyuki Susaki.;Masayoshi Inoue.;Meinoshin Okumura.
来源: Chest. 2015年148卷5期1285-1292页
We previously reported that patients with elevated preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels have an increased risk for postoperative atrial fibrillation following lung cancer surgery. The present study evaluated whether the specific phosphodiesterase III inhibitor olprinone can reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients with elevated BNP levels undergoing pulmonary resection for lung cancer.
277. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Extreme Elderly (Age ≥ 85 Years) Japanese Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The Fushimi AF Registry.
作者: Yugo Yamashita.;Yasuhiro Hamatani.;Masahiro Esato.;Yeong-Hwa Chun.;Hikari Tsuji.;Hiromichi Wada.;Koji Hasegawa.;Mitsuru Abe.;Gregory Y H Lip.;Masaharu Akao.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷2期401-412页
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasingly prevalent with age, and increasing age is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. Oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy use in the extreme elderly (aged ≥ 85 years) is challenging.
278. Randomized Trial of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration With and Without Rapid On-site Evaluation for Lung Cancer Genotyping.
作者: Rocco Trisolini.;Alessandra Cancellieri.;Carmine Tinelli.;Dario de Biase.;Ilaria Valentini.;Gianpiero Casadei.;Daniela Paioli.;Franco Ferrari.;Giovanni Gordini.;Marco Patelli.;Giovanni Tallini.
来源: Chest. 2015年148卷6期1430-1437页
Experts and scientific society guidelines recommend that rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) be used with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) to optimize lung cancer genotyping, but no comparative trial has been carried out to confirm and quantify its usefulness.
279. Delirium and Circadian Rhythm of Melatonin During Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation: An Ancillary Study of a Weaning Trial.
作者: Armand Mekontso Dessap.;Ferran Roche-Campo.;Jean-Marie Launay.;Anais Charles-Nelson.;Sandrine Katsahian.;Christian Brun-Buisson.;Laurent Brochard.
来源: Chest. 2015年148卷5期1231-1241页
Delirium is frequent in patients in the ICU, but its association with the outcome of weaning from mechanical ventilation has not been assessed. Circadian rhythm alteration may favor delirium. In the current study, we assessed the impact of delirium during weaning and associated alterations in the circadian rhythm of melatonin excretion.
280. Dyspnea-related cues engage the prefrontal cortex: evidence from functional brain imaging in COPD.
作者: Mari Herigstad.;Anja Hayen.;Eleanor Evans.;Frances M Hardinge.;Robert J Davies.;Katja Wiech.;Kyle T S Pattinson.
来源: Chest. 2015年148卷4期953-961页
Dyspnea is the major source of disability in COPD. In COPD, environmental cues (eg, the prospect of having to climb stairs) become associated with dyspnea and may trigger dyspnea even before physical activity commences. We hypothesized that brain activation relating to such cues would be different between patients with COPD and healthy control subjects, reflecting greater engagement of emotional mechanisms in patients.
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