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2741. Randomised comparison of primary stent placement versus primary angioplasty followed by selective stent placement in patients with iliac-artery occlusive disease. Dutch Iliac Stent Trial Study Group.
作者: E Tetteroo.;Y van der Graaf.;J L Bosch.;A D van Engelen.;M G Hunink.;B C Eikelboom.;W P Mali.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9110期1153-9页
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is a safe, simple, and successful treatment for intermittent claudication caused by iliac-artery occlusive disease. Primary stent placement has been proposed as more effective than PTA. We compared the technical results and clinical outcomes of two treatment strategies-primary placement of a stent across the stenotic segment of the iliac artery, or primary PTA followed by selective stent placement when haemodynamic results were inadequate.
2743. Prediction of recovery from post-traumatic vegetative state with cerebral magnetic-resonance imaging.
作者: A Kampfl.;E Schmutzhard.;G Franz.;B Pfausler.;H P Haring.;H Ulmer.;S Felber.;S Golaszewski.;F Aichner.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9118期1763-7页
The early post-traumatic vegetative state (VS) is compatible with recovery. Various clinical and laboratory tests have failed to predict recovery so we assessed the value of cerebral magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI) in prediction of recovery.
2744. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. HOT Study Group.
作者: L Hansson.;A Zanchetti.;S G Carruthers.;B Dahlöf.;D Elmfeldt.;S Julius.;J Ménard.;K H Rahn.;H Wedel.;S Westerling.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9118期1755-62页
Despite treatment, there is often a higher incidence of cardiovascular complications in patients with hypertension than in normotensive individuals. Inadequate reduction of their blood pressure is a likely cause, but the optimum target blood pressure is not known. The impact of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) has never been investigated in patients with hypertension. We aimed to assess the optimum target diastolic blood pressure and the potential benefit of a low dose of acetylsalicylic acid in the treatment of hypertension.
2746. Randomised trial of effects of vitamin supplements on pregnancy outcomes and T cell counts in HIV-1-infected women in Tanzania.
作者: W W Fawzi.;G I Msamanga.;D Spiegelman.;E J Urassa.;N McGrath.;D Mwakagile.;G Antelman.;R Mbise.;G Herrera.;S Kapiga.;W Willett.;D J Hunter.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9114期1477-82页
In HIV-1-infected women, poor micronutrient status has been associated with faster progression of HIV-1 disease and adverse birth outcomes. We assessed the effects of vitamin A and multivitamins on birth outcomes in such women.
2747. Economisation of vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b: a randomised trial of immunogenicity of fractional-dose and two-dose regimens.
作者: R Lagos.;M T Valenzuela.;O S Levine.;G A Losonsky.;A Erazo.;S S Wasserman.;M M Levine.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9114期1472-6页
The cost of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines has limited their use in non-industrialised countries. To identify more economical vaccination schedules, we carried out a randomised trial of the immunogenicity of alternative regimens to the standard three-dose series.
2748. Knee osteoarthritis and high-heeled shoes.
Little is known about the effects of walking in high heels on joints in the legs. Since osteoarthritis of the knee is twice as common in women as in men, we investigated torques (forces applied about the leg joints) of women who wore high-heeled shoes.
2749. Randomised trial of endarterectomy for recently symptomatic carotid stenosis: final results of the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST).
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9113期1379-87页
Our objective was to assess the risks and benefits of carotid endarterectomy, primarily in terms of stroke prevention, in patients with recently symptomatic carotid stenosis.
2751. Randomised controlled trial of prophylactic antibiotics before insertion of intrauterine devices. IUD Study Group.
作者: T Walsh.;D Grimes.;R Frezieres.;A Nelson.;L Bernstein.;A Coulson.;G Bernstein.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9108期1005-8页
The value of antibiotic prophylaxis before insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD) remains uncertain. We undertook a triple-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial to find out whether such prophylaxis reduces the rate of IUD removal within 90 days.
2752. Immediate or delayed dissection of regional nodes in patients with melanoma of the trunk: a randomised trial. WHO Melanoma Programme.
The use of elective regional node dissection in patients with cutaneous melanoma without any clinical evidence of metastatic spread is still debated. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of immediate node dissection in patients with melanoma of the trunk and without clinical evidence of regional node and distant metastases.
2753. Randomised trial of isoniazid versus rifampicin and pyrazinamide for prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-1 infection.
作者: N A Halsey.;J S Coberly.;J Desormeaux.;P Losikoff.;J Atkinson.;L H Moulton.;M Contave.;M Johnson.;H Davis.;L Geiter.;E Johnson.;R Huebner.;R Boulos.;R E Chaisson.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9105期786-92页
Tuberculosis is a common complication of HIV-1 infection, especially in developing countries. Practical and effective chemoprophylaxis regimens for HIV-1-related tuberculosis are needed. Our aim was to test the efficacy of isoniazid versus rifampicin with pyrazinamide for prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-1-positive individuals.
2754. Multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial of inhaled fluticasone propionate in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. International COPD Study Group.
作者: P L Paggiaro.;R Dahle.;I Bakran.;L Frith.;K Hollingworth.;J Efthimiou.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9105期773-80页
The efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains controversial because of a lack of placebo-controlled studies. We compared the effect of inhaled fluticasone propionate with placebo in the treatment of patients with COPD.
2756. Randomised placebo-controlled study of atovaquone plus proguanil for malaria prophylaxis in children.
The combination of atovaquone and proguanil is highly effective and safe for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. We aimed in this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy and safety of this combination for malaria prophylaxis.
2757. Randomised comparison of addition of autologous bone-marrow transplantation to intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia in first remission: results of MRC AML 10 trial. UK Medical Research Council Adult and Children's Leukaemia Working Parties.
作者: A K Burnett.;A H Goldstone.;R M Stevens.;I M Hann.;J K Rees.;R G Gray.;K Wheatley.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9104期700-8页
Three strategies are used to prevent relapse in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in first remission. Most of those with suitable donors are offered allogeneic haemopoietic-stem-cell transplant. Other patients may receive intensive chemotherapy or autologous transplantation; we undertook this randomised prospective trial to assess which is the better option.
2758. Active versus expectant management of third stage of labour: the Hinchingbrooke randomised controlled trial.
作者: J Rogers.;J Wood.;R McCandlish.;S Ayers.;A Truesdale.;D Elbourne.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9104期693-9页
This study tested the hypotheses that active management of the third stage of labour lowers the rates of primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) and longer-term consequences compared with expectant management, in a setting where both managements are commonly practised, and that this effect is not mediated by maternal posture.
2760. Randomised controlled trial of local allergoid immunotherapy on allergic inflammation in mite-induced rhinoconjunctivitis.
作者: G Passalacqua.;M Albano.;L Fregonese.;A Riccio.;C Pronzato.;G S Mela.;G W Canonica.
来源: Lancet. 1998年351卷9103期629-32页
Non-injective routes of immunotherapy are thought to be valuable therapeutic options for respiratory allergy. We investigated the clinical efficacy and the effects of sublingual/oral immunotherapy on conjunctival allergic inflammation in patients with mite-induced respiratory allergy.
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