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2664. Randomised comparison of thalidomide versus placebo in toxic epidermal necrolysis.
作者: P Wolkenstein.;J Latarjet.;J C Roujeau.;C Duguet.;S Boudeau.;L Vaillant.;M Maignan.;M H Schuhmacher.;B Milpied.;A Pilorget.;H Bocquet.;C Brun-Buisson.;J Revuz.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9140期1586-9页
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is associated with a 30% death rate. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of TEN. Thalidomide is a potent inhibitor of TNF-alpha action. We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study of thalidomide in TEN.
2665. ICON2: randomised trial of single-agent carboplatin against three-drug combination of CAP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) in women with ovarian cancer. ICON Collaborators. International Collaborative Ovarian Neoplasm Study.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9140期1571-6页
A series of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials raised the question of whether the three-drug combination of CAP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) was more or less effective than optimal-dose single-agent carboplatin for women with advanced ovarian cancer.
2666. Multicentre randomised study of computerised anticoagulant dosage. European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation.
作者: L Poller.;C R Shiach.;P K MacCallum.;A M Johansen.;A M Münster.;A Magalhães.;J Jespersen.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9139期1505-9页
The demand for anticoagulant treatment is increasing. We compared the benefits of computer-generated anticoagulant dosing with traditional dosing decided by experienced medical staff in achieving target international normalised ratios (INRs).
2667. Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study of interferon beta-1a in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis. PRISMS (Prevention of Relapses and Disability by Interferon beta-1a Subcutaneously in Multiple Sclerosis) Study Group.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9139期1498-504页
Previous trials of interferon beta in multiple sclerosis (MS) have shown efficacy, but the degree of clinical benefit remains uncertain, and the optimum dose is not known. We undertook a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in relapsing/remitting MS to investigate the effects of subcutaneous interferon beta-1a.
2668. Placebo-controlled multicentre randomised trial of interferon beta-1b in treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. European Study Group on interferon beta-1b in secondary progressive MS.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9139期1491-7页
The beneficial effects of interferon beta have only been shown for patients in the relapsing-remitting phase of multiple sclerosis (MS). The role of interferon beta in the treatment of patients who are in the secondary progressive phase of the disease (SP-MS), and for whom no effective drug treatment is available, has not been assessed.
2670. Randomised trial of interferon alpha2b plus ribavirin for 48 weeks or for 24 weeks versus interferon alpha2b plus placebo for 48 weeks for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus. International Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group (IHIT).
作者: T Poynard.;P Marcellin.;S S Lee.;C Niederau.;G S Minuk.;G Ideo.;V Bain.;J Heathcote.;S Zeuzem.;C Trepo.;J Albrecht.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9138期1426-32页
Only 15-20% of patients with chronic hepatitis C achieve a sustained virological response with interferon therapy. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of interferon alpha2b in combination with oral ribavirin with interferon alone, for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV).
2671. Long-term results of RITA-1 trial: clinical and cost comparisons of coronary angioplasty and coronary-artery bypass grafting. Randomised Intervention Treatment of Angina.
作者: R A Henderson.;S J Pocock.;S J Sharp.;K Nanchahal.;M J Sculpher.;M J Buxton.;J R Hampton.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9138期1419-25页
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) are both effective intervention strategies for patients with coronary heart disease. We report comparative long-term clinical and health-service cost findings for these interventions in the first Randomised Intervention Treatment of Angina (RITA-1) trial.
2672. Randomised trial of irinotecan plus supportive care versus supportive care alone after fluorouracil failure for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
作者: D Cunningham.;S Pyrhönen.;R D James.;C J Punt.;T F Hickish.;R Heikkila.;T B Johannesen.;H Starkhammar.;C A Topham.;L Awad.;C Jacques.;P Herait.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9138期1413-8页
In phase II studies, irinotecan is active in metastatic colorectal cancer, but the overall benefit has not been assessed in a randomised clinical trial.
2673. Randomised trial of irinotecan versus fluorouracil by continuous infusion after fluorouracil failure in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
作者: P Rougier.;E Van Cutsem.;E Bajetta.;N Niederle.;K Possinger.;R Labianca.;M Navarro.;R Morant.;H Bleiberg.;J Wils.;L Awad.;P Herait.;C Jacques.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9138期1407-12页
In phase II trials, irinotecan is active in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, but the survival and clinical benefit of irinotecan compared with second-line fluorouracil by continuous infusion is not known.
2674. Prevention of dementia in randomised double-blind placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial.
作者: F Forette.;M L Seux.;J A Staessen.;L Thijs.;W H Birkenhäger.;M R Babarskiene.;S Babeanu.;A Bossini.;B Gil-Extremera.;X Girerd.;T Laks.;E Lilov.;V Moisseyev.;J Tuomilehto.;H Vanhanen.;J Webster.;Y Yodfat.;R Fagard.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9137期1347-51页
Systolic hypertension increases the risk of dementia in elderly people. The vascular dementia project, set up in the framework of the double-blind placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial, investigated whether antihypertensive drug treatment could reduce the incidence of dementia.
2675. Randomised controlled trial of self-supervised and directly observed treatment of tuberculosis.
作者: M Zwarenstein.;J H Schoeman.;C Vundule.;C J Lombard.;M Tatley.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9137期1340-3页
Tuberculosis is a major public-health problem in South Africa, made worse by poor adherence to and frequent interruption of treatment. Direct observation (DO) of tuberculosis patients taking their drugs is supposed to improve treatment completion and outcome. We compared DO with self-supervision, in which patients on the same drug regimen are not observed taking their pills, to assess the effect of each on the success of tuberculosis treatment.
2677. Tamoxifen in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised controlled trial. CLIP Group (Cancer of the Liver Italian Programme).
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9121期17-20页
Results from small randomised trials on tamoxifen in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are conflicting. We studied whether the addition of tamoxifen to best supportive care prolongs survival of patients with HCC.
2679. Randomised, dose-ranging, placebo-controlled study of chimeric antibody to CD4 (keliximab) in chronic severe asthma.
作者: O M Kon.;B S Sihra.;C H Compton.;T B Leonard.;A B Kay.;N C Barnes.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9134期1109-13页
There is substantial circumstantial evidence that CD4 lymphocytes have a role in the pathogenesis of chronic asthma. We investigated the efficacy and safety in severe corticosteroid-dependent asthma of a single intravenous infusion of keliximab (IDEC CE9.1), a chimeric monoclonal antibody to CD4.
2680. Randomised trial of albendazole and pyrantel in symptomless trichuriasis in children.
作者: J E Forrester.;J C Bailar.;S A Esrey.;M V José.;B T Castillejos.;G Ocampo.
来源: Lancet. 1998年352卷9134期1103-8页
We aimed to find out whether symptomless infection with Trichuris trichiura is associated with impairment of growth and to assess the effect of a multiple-doses regimen of anthelmintic drugs on the growth of children.
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