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241. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 12 new-generation antidepressants: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis.
作者: Andrea Cipriani.;Toshiaki A Furukawa.;Georgia Salanti.;John R Geddes.;Julian Pt Higgins.;Rachel Churchill.;Norio Watanabe.;Atsuo Nakagawa.;Ichiro M Omori.;Hugh McGuire.;Michele Tansella.;Corrado Barbui.
来源: Lancet. 2009年373卷9665期746-58页
Conventional meta-analyses have shown inconsistent results for efficacy of second-generation antidepressants. We therefore did a multiple-treatments meta-analysis, which accounts for both direct and indirect comparisons, to assess the effects of 12 new-generation antidepressants on major depression.
242. Adjuvant external beam radiotherapy in the treatment of endometrial cancer (MRC ASTEC and NCIC CTG EN.5 randomised trials): pooled trial results, systematic review, and meta-analysis.
作者: .;P Blake.;Ann Marie Swart.;J Orton.;H Kitchener.;T Whelan.;H Lukka.;E Eisenhauer.;M Bacon.;D Tu.;M K B Parmar.;C Amos.;C Murray.;W Qian.
来源: Lancet. 2009年373卷9658期137-46页
Early endometrial cancer with low-risk pathological features can be successfully treated by surgery alone. External beam radiotherapy added to surgery has been investigated in several small trials, which have mainly included women at intermediate risk of recurrence. In these trials, postoperative radiotherapy has been shown to reduce the risk of isolated local recurrence but there is no evidence that it improves recurrence-free or overall survival. We report the findings from the ASTEC and EN.5 trials, which investigated adjuvant external beam radiotherapy in women with early-stage disease and pathological features suggestive of intermediate or high risk of recurrence and death from endometrial cancer.
243. Second-generation versus first-generation antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia: a meta-analysis.
作者: Stefan Leucht.;Caroline Corves.;Dieter Arbter.;Rolf R Engel.;Chunbo Li.;John M Davis.
来源: Lancet. 2009年373卷9657期31-41页
Because of the debate about whether second-generation antipsychotic drugs are better than first-generation antipsychotic drugs, we did a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials to compare the effects of these two types of drugs in patients with schizophrenia.
244. Perioperative beta blockers in patients having non-cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis.
作者: Sripal Bangalore.;Jørn Wetterslev.;Shruthi Pranesh.;Sabrina Sawhney.;Christian Gluud.;Franz H Messerli.
来源: Lancet. 2008年372卷9654期1962-76页
American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines on perioperative assessment recommend perioperative beta blockers for non-cardiac surgery, although results of some clinical trials seem not to support this recommendation. We aimed to critically review the evidence to assess the use of perioperative beta blockers in patients having non-cardiac surgery.
245. Carotid bruits as a prognostic indicator of cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis.
作者: Christopher A Pickett.;Jeffrey L Jackson.;Brian A Hemann.;J Edwin Atwood.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9624期1587-94页
Although carotid bruits are deemed to be markers of generalised atherosclerosis, they are poor predictors of cerebrovascular events. We investigated whether a carotid bruit predicts myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death.
246. Antibiotics for adults with clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis: a meta-analysis of individual patient data.
作者: Jim Young.;An De Sutter.;Dan Merenstein.;Gerrit A van Essen.;Laurent Kaiser.;Helena Varonen.;Ian Williamson.;Heiner C Bucher.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9616期908-14页
Primary-care physicians continue to overprescribe antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis because distinction between viral and bacterial sinus infection is difficult. We undertook a meta-analysis of randomised trials based on individual patients' data to assess whether common signs and symptoms can be used to identify a subgroup of patients who benefit from antibiotics.
247. Complex interventions to improve physical function and maintain independent living in elderly people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Andrew D Beswick.;Karen Rees.;Paul Dieppe.;Salma Ayis.;Rachael Gooberman-Hill.;Jeremy Horwood.;Shah Ebrahim.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9614期725-35页
In old age, reduction in physical function leads to loss of independence, the need for hospital and long-term nursing-home care, and premature death. We did a systematic review to assess the effectiveness of community-based complex interventions in preservation of physical function and independence in elderly people.
248. Ovarian cancer and oral contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of data from 45 epidemiological studies including 23,257 women with ovarian cancer and 87,303 controls.
Oral contraceptives were introduced almost 50 years ago, and over 100 million women currently use them. Oral contraceptives can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, but the eventual public-health effects of this reduction will depend on how long the protection lasts after use ceases. We aimed to assess these effects.
249. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies.
作者: Andrew G Renehan.;Margaret Tyson.;Matthias Egger.;Richard F Heller.;Marcel Zwahlen.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9612期569-78页
Excess bodyweight, expressed as increased body-mass index (BMI), is associated with the risk of some common adult cancers. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the strength of associations between BMI and different sites of cancer and to investigate differences in these associations between sex and ethnic groups.
250. LDL-cholesterol concentrations: a genome-wide association study.
作者: Manjinder S Sandhu.;Dawn M Waterworth.;Sally L Debenham.;Eleanor Wheeler.;Konstantinos Papadakis.;Jing Hua Zhao.;Kijoung Song.;Xin Yuan.;Toby Johnson.;Sofie Ashford.;Michael Inouye.;Robert Luben.;Matthew Sims.;David Hadley.;Wendy McArdle.;Philip Barter.;Y Antero Kesäniemi.;Robert W Mahley.;Ruth McPherson.;Scott M Grundy.; .;Sheila A Bingham.;Kay-Tee Khaw.;Ruth J F Loos.;Gérard Waeber.;Inês Barroso.;David P Strachan.;Panagiotis Deloukas.;Peter Vollenweider.;Nicholas J Wareham.;Vincent Mooser.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9611期483-91页
LDL cholesterol has a causal role in the development of cardiovascular disease. Improved understanding of the biological mechanisms that underlie the metabolism and regulation of LDL cholesterol might help to identify novel therapeutic targets. We therefore did a genome-wide association study of LDL-cholesterol concentrations.
251. Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a meta-analysis.
作者: .;P M Kearney.;L Blackwell.;R Collins.;A Keech.;J Simes.;R Peto.;J Armitage.;C Baigent.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9607期117-25页
Although statin therapy reduces the risk of occlusive vascular events in people with diabetes mellitus, there is uncertainty about the effects on particular outcomes and whether such effects depend on the type of diabetes, lipid profile, or other factors. We undertook a prospective meta-analysis to help resolve these uncertainties.
252. Adjuvant chemotherapy in oestrogen-receptor-poor breast cancer: patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials.
作者: .;M Clarke.;A S Coates.;S C Darby.;C Davies.;R D Gelber.;J Godwin.;A Goldhirsch.;R Gray.;R Peto.;K I Pritchard.;W C Wood.
来源: Lancet. 2008年371卷9606期29-40页
The long-term effects of adjuvant polychemotherapy regimens in oestrogen-receptor-poor (ER-poor) breast cancer, and the extent to which these effects are modified by age or tamoxifen use, can be assessed by an updated meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials.
253. Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deaths.
作者: .;Sarah Lewington.;Gary Whitlock.;Robert Clarke.;Paul Sherliker.;Jonathan Emberson.;Jim Halsey.;Nawab Qizilbash.;Richard Peto.;Rory Collins.
来源: Lancet. 2007年370卷9602期1829-39页
Age, sex, and blood pressure could modify the associations of total cholesterol (and its main two fractions, HDL and LDL cholesterol) with vascular mortality. This meta-analysis combined prospective studies of vascular mortality that recorded both blood pressure and total cholesterol at baseline, to determine the joint relevance of these two risk factors.
254. Efficacy and safety of the weight-loss drug rimonabant: a meta-analysis of randomised trials.
作者: Robin Christensen.;Pernelle Kruse Kristensen.;Else Marie Bartels.;Henning Bliddal.;Arne Astrup.
来源: Lancet. 2007年370卷9600期1706-13页
Since the prevalence of obesity continues to increase, there is a demand for effective and safe anti-obesity agents that can produce and maintain weight loss and improve comorbidity. We did a meta-analysis of all published randomised controlled trials to assess the efficacy and safety of the newly approved anti-obesity agent rimonabant.
255. Congestive heart failure and cardiovascular death in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes given thiazolidinediones: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.
The overall clinical benefit of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) as a treatment for hyperglycaemia can be difficult to assess because of the risk of congestive heart failure due to TZD-related fluid retention. Since prediabetic and diabetic patients are at high cardiovascular risk, the outcome and natural history of such risks need to be better understood. We aimed to examine the risk of congestive heart failure and of cardiac death in patients given TZDs.
256. Outcomes associated with drug-eluting and bare-metal stents: a collaborative network meta-analysis.
作者: Christoph Stettler.;Simon Wandel.;Sabin Allemann.;Adnan Kastrati.;Marie Claude Morice.;Albert Schömig.;Matthias E Pfisterer.;Gregg W Stone.;Martin B Leon.;José Suarez de Lezo.;Jean-Jacques Goy.;Seung-Jung Park.;Manel Sabaté.;Maarten J Suttorp.;Henning Kelbaek.;Christian Spaulding.;Maurizio Menichelli.;Paul Vermeersch.;Maurits T Dirksen.;Pavel Cervinka.;Anna Sonia Petronio.;Alain J Nordmann.;Peter Diem.;Bernhard Meier.;Marcel Zwahlen.;Stephan Reichenbach.;Sven Trelle.;Stephan Windecker.;Peter Jüni.
来源: Lancet. 2007年370卷9591期937-48页
Whether the two drug-eluting stents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration-a sirolimus-eluting stent and a paclitaxel-eluting stent-are associated with increased risks of death, myocardial infarction, or stent thrombosis compared with bare-metal stents is uncertain. Our aim was to compare the safety and effectiveness of these stents.
257. Use of calcium or calcium in combination with vitamin D supplementation to prevent fractures and bone loss in people aged 50 years and older: a meta-analysis.
作者: Benjamin M P Tang.;Guy D Eslick.;Caryl Nowson.;Caroline Smith.;Alan Bensoussan.
来源: Lancet. 2007年370卷9588期657-66页
Whether calcium supplementation can reduce osteoporotic fractures is uncertain. We did a meta-analysis to include all the randomised trials in which calcium, or calcium in combination with vitamin D, was used to prevent fracture and osteoporotic bone loss.
258. Incidence of cancers in people with HIV/AIDS compared with immunosuppressed transplant recipients: a meta-analysis.
作者: Andrew E Grulich.;Marina T van Leeuwen.;Michael O Falster.;Claire M Vajdic.
来源: Lancet. 2007年370卷9581期59-67页
Only a few types of cancer are recognised as being directly related to immune deficiency in people with HIV/AIDS. Large population-based studies in transplant recipients have shown that a wider range of cancers could be associated with immune deficiency. Our aim was to compare cancer incidence in population-based cohort studies of people with HIV/AIDS and people immunosuppressed after solid organ transplantation.
259. Efficacy of folic acid supplementation in stroke prevention: a meta-analysis.
作者: Xiaobin Wang.;Xianhui Qin.;Hakan Demirtas.;Jianping Li.;Guangyun Mao.;Yong Huo.;Ningling Sun.;Lisheng Liu.;Xiping Xu.
来源: Lancet. 2007年369卷9576期1876-1882页
The efficacy of treatments that lower homocysteine concentrations in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease remains controversial. Our aim was to do a meta-analysis of relevant randomised trials to assess the efficacy of folic acid supplementation in the prevention of stroke.
260. Use of luteinising-hormone-releasing hormone agonists as adjuvant treatment in premenopausal patients with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised adjuvant trials.
作者: .;J Cuzick.;L Ambroisine.;N Davidson.;R Jakesz.;M Kaufmann.;M Regan.;R Sainsbury.
来源: Lancet. 2007年369卷9574期1711-23页
Several trials have been done to assess treatment of premenopausal breast cancer with luteinising-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists, but results have been inconclusive, especially for patients with hormone-receptor-positive cancer.
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