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241. Treprostinil Administered to Treat Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Using a Fully Implantable Programmable Intravascular Delivery System: Results of the DelIVery for PAH Trial.
作者: Robert C Bourge.;Aaron B Waxman.;Mardi Gomberg-Maitland.;Shelley M Shapiro.;James H Tarver.;Dianne L Zwicke.;Jeremy P Feldman.;Murali M Chakinala.;Robert P Frantz.;Fernando Torres.;Jeffrey Cerkvenik.;Marty Morris.;Melissa Thalin.;Leigh Peterson.;Lewis J Rubin.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期27-34页
The use of systemic prostanoids in severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is often limited by patient/physician dissatisfaction with the delivery methods. Complications associated with external pump-delivered continuous therapy include IV catheter-related bloodstream infections and subcutaneous infusion site pain. We therefore investigated a fully implantable intravascular delivery system for treprostinil infusion.
242. The COPD Assessment Test: Can It Discriminate Across COPD Subpopulations?
作者: Nisha Gupta.;Lancelot Pinto.;Andrea Benedetti.;Pei Zhi Li.;Wan C Tan.;Shawn D Aaron.;Kenneth R Chapman.;J Mark FitzGerald.;Paul Hernandez.;Darcy D Marciniuk.;François Maltais.;Denis E O'Donnell.;Don Sin.;Brandie L Walker.;Jean Bourbeau.; .
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷5期1069-1079页
The COPD Assessment Test (CAT) is a valid disease-specific questionnaire measuring health status. However, knowledge concerning its use regarding patient and disease characteristics remains limited. Our main objective was to assess the degree to which the CAT score varies and can discriminate between specific patient population groups.
243. Long-term Anticoagulation With Rivaroxaban for Preventing Recurrent VTE: A Benefit-Risk Analysis of EINSTEIN-Extension.
作者: Philip S Wells.;Martin H Prins.;Bennett Levitan.;Jan Beyer-Westendorf.;Timothy A Brighton.;Henri Bounameaux.;Alexander T Cohen.;Bruce L Davidson.;Paolo Prandoni.;Gary E Raskob.;Zhong Yuan.;Eva G Katz.;Martin Gebel.;Anthonie W A Lensing.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷5期1059-1068页
Short-term anticoagulant treatment for acute DVT or pulmonary embolism (PE) effectively reduces the risk of recurrent disease during the first 6 to 12 months of therapy. Continued anticoagulation often is not instituted because of the perception among physicians that the risk of major bleeding will outweigh the risk of new venous thrombotic episodes.
244. Single-Breath Washout Tests to Assess Small Airway Disease in COPD.
作者: Lucas Boeck.;Anna Gensmer.;Sylvia Nyilas.;Bram Stieltjes.;Thomas J Re.;Michael Tamm.;Philipp Latzin.;Daiana Stolz.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷5期1091-1100页
Current functional assessments do not allow a reliable assessment of small airways, which are a major site of disease in COPD. Single-breath washout (SBW) tests are feasible and reproducible methods for evaluating small airway disease. Their relevance in COPD remains unknown.
245. Acute Effects of Nasal CPAP in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
作者: Flávia B Nerbass.;Vera M C Salemi.;Rodrigo P Pedrosa.;Natanael de P Portilho.;Julio C A Ferreira-Filho.;Henrique T Moriya.;Murillo O Antunes.;Edmundo Arteaga-Fernández.;Luciano F Drager.;Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷5期1050-1058页
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common genetic disease that may cause left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction, heart failure, and sudden death. Recent studies have shown a high prevalence of OSA among patients with HCM. Because the hemodynamics in patients with LVOT obstruction are unstable and depend on the loading conditions of the heart, we evaluated the acute effects of CPAP on hemodynamics and cardiac performance in patients with HCM.
246. Low Prevalence of High-Grade Lesions Detected With Autofluorescence Bronchoscopy in the Setting of Lung Cancer Screening in the Pan-Canadian Lung Cancer Screening Study.
作者: Alain Tremblay.;Niloofar Taghizadeh.;Annette M McWilliams.;Paul MacEachern.;David R Stather.;Kam Soghrati.;Serge Puksa.;John R Goffin.;Kazuhiro Yasufuku.;Kayvan Amjadi.;Garth Nicholas.;Simon Martel.;Francis Laberge.;Michael Johnston.;Frances A Shepherd.;Diana N Ionescu.;Stefan Urbanski.;David Hwang.;Jean-Claude Cutz.;Harmanjatinder S Sekhon.;Christian Couture.;Zhaolin Xu.;Tom G Sutedja.;Sukhinder Atkar-Khattra.;Martin C Tammemagi.;Ming-Sound Tsao.;Stephen C Lam.; .
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷5期1015-1022页
Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT (LDCT) scan has been demonstrated to reduce lung cancer mortality. Preliminary reports suggested that up to 20% of lung cancers may be CT scan occult but detectable by autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB). We evaluated the prevalence of CT scan occult, invasive, and high-grade preinvasive lesions in high-risk participants undergoing screening for lung cancer.
247. Oral Low-dose Theophylline on Top of Inhaled Fluticasone-Salmeterol Does Not Reduce Exacerbations in Patients With Severe COPD: A Pilot Clinical Trial.
作者: Borja G Cosío.;Hanaa Shafiek.;Amanda Iglesias.;Aina Yanez.;Rocío Córdova.;Alexandre Palou.;Robert Rodriguez-Roisin.;Germán Peces-Barba.;Sergi Pascual.;Joaquim Gea.;Oriol Sibila.;Peter J Barnes.;Alvar Agusti.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期123-30页
COPD is characterized by chronic inflammation. In vitro and ex vivo observations suggest that this inflammatory response is partially resistant to the effect of corticosteroids and that low-dose theophylline can restore this response via enhancement of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. Whether this occurs in vivo and what its potential clinical consequences are is unclear.
248. Reslizumab for Inadequately Controlled Asthma With Elevated Blood Eosinophil Levels: A Randomized Phase 3 Study.
作者: Leif Bjermer.;Catherine Lemiere.;Jorge Maspero.;Sivan Weiss.;James Zangrilli.;Matthew Germinaro.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷4期789-798页
This phase 3 study further characterizes the efficacy and safety of reslizumab (a humanized anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody) in patients aged 12 to 75 years with asthma inadequately controlled by at least a medium-dose inhaled corticosteroid and with a blood eosinophil count ≥ 400 cells/μL.
249. A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial Comparing the Diagnostic Yield of 21- and 22-Gauge Aspiration Needles for Performing Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration in Sarcoidosis.
作者: Valliappan Muthu.;Nalini Gupta.;Sahajal Dhooria.;Inderpaul Singh Sehgal.;Amanjit Bal.;Ashutosh N Aggarwal.;Digambar Behera.;Ritesh Agarwal.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷4期1111-3页 250. Oxygen With Cold Bubble Humidification Is No Better Than Dry Oxygen in Preventing Mucus Dehydration, Decreased Mucociliary Clearance, and Decline in Pulmonary Function.
作者: Michelle Lisidati Franchini.;Rodrigo Athanazio.;Luis Fernando Amato-Lourenço.;Waldir Carreirão-Neto.;Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva.;Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho.;Bruce K Rubin.;Naomi Kondo Nakagawa.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷2期407-14页
Little is known about the effects of long-term nasal low-flow oxygen (NLFO) on mucus and symptoms and how this variable is affected by dry or cold humidified gas. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dry-NLFO and cold bubble humidified-NLFO on nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC), mucus properties, inflammation, and symptoms in subjects with chronic hypoxemia requiring long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy.
251. B-Type Natriuretic Peptide, Aldosterone, and Fluid Management in ARDS.
作者: Matthew W Semler.;Annis M Marney.;Todd W Rice.;Hui Nian.;Chang Yu.;Arthur P Wheeler.;Nancy J Brown.; .
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期102-11页
Conservative fluid management increases ventilator-free days without influencing overall mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Plasma concentrations of B-type natriuretic peptide (a marker of ventricular filling) or aldosterone (a marker of effective circulating volume) may identify patients for whom fluid management impacts survival.
252. Phase 3 Study of Reslizumab in Patients With Poorly Controlled Asthma: Effects Across a Broad Range of Eosinophil Counts.
作者: Jonathan Corren.;Steven Weinstein.;Lindsay Janka.;James Zangrilli.;Margaret Garin.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷4期799-810页
IL-5, a mediator of eosinophil activity, is an important potential treatment target in patients with uncontrolled asthma. The efficacy of reslizumab, a humanized anti-human IL-5 monoclonal antibody, has been characterized in patients with blood eosinophils ≥ 400 cells/μL. This study further characterizes the efficacy and safety of reslizumab in patients with poorly-controlled asthma, particularly those with eosinophils < 400 cells/μL.
253. Motivational Enhancement for Increasing Adherence to CPAP: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Jessie P Bakker.;Rui Wang.;Jia Weng.;Mark S Aloia.;Claudia Toth.;Michael G Morrical.;Kevin J Gleason.;Michael Rueschman.;Cynthia Dorsey.;Sanjay R Patel.;James H Ware.;Murray A Mittleman.;Susan Redline.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷2期337-45页
Motivational enhancement (ME) shows promise as a means of increasing adherence to CPAP for OSA.
254. Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Cardiovascular Biomarkers: The Sleep Apnea Stress Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Hugo L Paz Y Mar.;Stanley L Hazen.;Russell P Tracy.;Kingman P Strohl.;Dennis Auckley.;James Bena.;Lu Wang.;Harneet K Walia.;Sanjay R Patel.;Reena Mehra.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期80-90页
Although existing research highlights the relationship of OSA and cardiovascular disease, the effect of OSA treatment on cardiovascular biomarkers remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of OSA treatment on oxidative stress/inflammation measures.
255. Protective Cardiovascular Effect of Sleep Apnea Severity in Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome.
作者: Juan F Masa.;Jaime Corral.;Auxiliadora Romero.;Candela Caballero.;Joaquin Terán-Santos.;Maria L Alonso-Álvarez.;Teresa Gomez-Garcia.;Mónica González.;Soledad López-Martín.;Pilar De Lucas.;José M Marin.;Sergi Marti.;Trinidad Díaz-Cambriles.;Eusebi Chiner.;Miguel Merchan.;Carlos Egea.;Ana Obeso.;Babak Mokhlesi.; .
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期68-79页
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is associated with a high burden of cardiovascular morbidity (CVM) and mortality. The majority of patients with OHS have concomitant OSA, but there is a paucity of data on the association between CVM and OSA severity in patients with OHS. The objective of our study was to assess the association between CVM and OSA severity in a large cohort of patients with OHS.
256. Feasibility and Safety of Substituting Lung Ultrasonography for Chest Radiography When Diagnosing Pneumonia in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Brittany Pardue Jones.;Ee Tein Tay.;Inna Elikashvili.;Jennifer E Sanders.;Audrey Z Paul.;Bret P Nelson.;Louis A Spina.;James W Tsung.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期131-8页
Chest radiography (CXR) is the test of choice for diagnosing pneumonia. Lung ultrasonography (LUS) has been shown to be accurate for diagnosing pneumonia in children and may be an alternative to CXR. Our objective was to determine the feasibility and safety of substituting LUS for CXR when evaluating children suspected of having pneumonia.
257. Clinical Utility of a Bronchial Genomic Classifier in Patients With Suspected Lung Cancer.
作者: Anil Vachani.;Duncan H Whitney.;Edward C Parsons.;Marc Lenburg.;J Scott Ferguson.;Gerard A Silvestri.;Avrum Spira.
来源: Chest. 2016年150卷1期210-8页
Bronchoscopy is often the initial diagnostic procedure performed in patients with pulmonary lesions suggestive of lung cancer. A bronchial genomic classifier was previously validated to identify patients at low risk for lung cancer after an inconclusive bronchoscopy. In this study, we evaluated the potential of the classifier to reduce invasive procedure utilization in patients with suspected lung cancer.
258. The Effects of Azithromycin in Treatment-Resistant Cough: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
作者: David Hodgson.;John Anderson.;Catherine Reynolds.;Janet Oborne.;Garry Meakin.;Helen Bailey.;Dominick Shaw.;Kevin Mortimer.;Tim Harrison.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷4期1052-60页
Chronic cough is a common clinical problem worldwide. Although many patients have underlying precipitating conditions such as asthma, gastroesophageal reflux, or rhinitis, many remain symptomatic despite treating these conditions. New approaches are needed for the treatment of this group of patients.
259. Pregabalin and Speech Pathology Combination Therapy for Refractory Chronic Cough: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者: Anne E Vertigan.;Sarah L Kapela.;Nicole M Ryan.;Surinder S Birring.;Patrick McElduff.;Peter G Gibson.
来源: Chest. 2016年149卷3期639-48页
Chronic refractory cough (CRC) is a difficult problem to treat. Speech pathology treatment (SPT) improves symptoms but resolution is incomplete. Centrally acting neuromodulators also improve cough symptoms, but not cough reflex sensitivity, and the effect is short-lived. We hypothesized that combined SPT and centrally acting neuromodulators would have a superior outcome than SPT alone. Our goal was to determine whether combined pregabalin and SPT is more effective than SPT alone.
260. Targeted Fluid Minimization Following Initial Resuscitation in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study.
IV fluid represents a basic therapeutic intervention for septic shock. Unfortunately, the optimal administration of IV fluid to maximize patient outcomes and prevent complications is largely unknown.
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