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2141. Laparoscopic adhesiolysis in patients with chronic abdominal pain: a blinded randomised controlled multi-centre trial.
作者: D J Swank.;S C G Swank-Bordewijk.;W C J Hop.;W F M van Erp.;I M C Janssen.;H J Bonjer.;J Jeekel.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9365期1247-51页
Laparoscopic adhesiolysis for chronic abdominal pain is controversial and is not evidence based. We aimed to test our hypothesis that laparoscopic adhesiolysis leads to substantial pain relief and improvement in quality of life in patients with adhesions and chronic abdominal pain.
2142. Silent and apparent cerebral embolism after retrograde catheterisation of the aortic valve in valvular stenosis: a prospective, randomised study.
作者: Heyder Omran.;Harald Schmidt.;Matthias Hackenbroch.;Stefan Illien.;Peter Bernhardt.;Giso von der Recke.;Rolf Fimmers.;Sebastian Flacke.;Günter Layer.;Christoph Pohl.;Berndt Lüderitz.;Hans Schild.;Torsten Sommer.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9365期1241-6页
In most patients, severity of valvular aortic stenosis can be accurately assessed non-invasively by echocardiography. However, retrograde catheterisation of the aortic valve is often undertaken. This procedure has a potential risk of neurological complications, with an unknown incidence of clinically silent embolism. We aimed to establish the frequency of clinically apparent and silent cerebral embolism after this procedure.
2143. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
作者: Peter S Sever.;Björn Dahlöf.;Neil R Poulter.;Hans Wedel.;Gareth Beevers.;Mark Caulfield.;Rory Collins.;Sverre E Kjeldsen.;Arni Kristinsson.;Gordon T McInnes.;Jesper Mehlsen.;Markku Nieminen.;Eoin O'Brien.;Jan Ostergren.; .
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9364期1149-58页
The lowering of cholesterol concentrations in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease improves outcome. No study, however, has assessed benefits of cholesterol lowering in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in hypertensive patients who are not conventionally deemed dyslipidaemic.
2144. Low nutrient intake and early growth for later insulin resistance in adolescents born preterm.
In animals, acceleration of neonatal growth is thought to increase the later propensity to insulin resistance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes, whereas slow growth as a consequence of undernutrition is thought to have a beneficial effect. To test this hypothesis in people, we measured fasting concentrations of 32-33 split proinsulin, a marker of insulin resistance, in adolescents born preterm who had participated in randomised intervention trials of neonatal nutrition, and in adolescents born at term.
2145. Early intervention with budesonide in mild persistent asthma: a randomised, double-blind trial.
作者: Romain A Pauwels.;Søren Pedersen.;William W Busse.;Wan C Tan.;Yu-Zhi Chen.;Stefan V Ohlsson.;Anders Ullman.;Carl Johan Lamm.;Paul M O'Byrne.; .
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9363期1071-6页
Although inhaled glucocorticosteroids are recommended for persistent asthma, their long-term effect on recent onset, mild, persistent asthma has yet to be established.
2146. Ant venom immunotherapy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.
作者: Simon G A Brown.;Michael D Wiese.;Konrad E Blackman.;Robert J Heddle.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9362期1001-6页
The jack jumper ant Myrmecia pilosula is responsible for about 90% of ant venom anaphylaxis in southeastern Australia. We aimed to establish whether M pilosula venom immunotherapy (VIT) prevents lifethreatening sting anaphylaxis in otherwise healthy adults.
2147. Treating depression in primary care in low-income women in Santiago, Chile: a randomised controlled trial.
作者: Ricardo Araya.;Graciela Rojas.;Rosemarie Fritsch.;Jorge Gaete.;Maritza Rojas.;Greg Simon.;Tim J Peters.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9362期995-1000页
Depression in women is one of the commonest problems encountered in primary care. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of a stepped-care programme with usual care in primary-care management of depression in low-income women in Santiago, Chile.
2148. Effect of early oral clindamycin on late miscarriage and preterm delivery in asymptomatic women with abnormal vaginal flora and bacterial vaginosis: a randomised controlled trial.
Abnormal vaginal flora and bacterial vaginosis are associated with amplified risks of late miscarriage and spontaneous preterm delivery. We aimed to establish whether antibiotic treatment early in the second trimester might reduce these risks in a general obstetric population.
2149. Prevention of variceal rebleeding.
Variceal bleeding is the most frequent severe complication of portal hypertension and a leading cause of death and liver transplantation in patients with cirrhosis. Patients surviving a variceal bleed are at high risk of rebleeding (over 60% at 1 year). Portacaval shunts and transjugular intrahepatic portasystemic shunts (TIPS) are effective for prevention of rebleeding but carry a high risk of hepatic encephalopathy. Endoscopic techniques include band ligation (EBL) and injection sclerotherapy (EIS). Drug approaches are based on non-selective beta blocker with or without isosorbide-5-mononitrate (ISMN).
2150. Postnatal home visits in teenage mothers: a randomised controlled trial.
Teenage pregnancies are associated with negative socioeconomic effects. Our aim was to ascertain whether a postnatal home-visiting service for teenage mothers younger than age 18 years could reduce the frequency of adverse neonatal outcomes and improve knowledge of contraception, breastfeeding, and infant vaccination schedules in this parent group.
2151. Interferon alfa-2a in Japanese encephalitis: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Tom Solomon.;Nguyen Minh Dung.;Bridget Wills.;Rachel Kneen.;Mary Gainsborough.;Tran Vinh Diet.;Tran Thi Nhu Thuy.;Ha Thi Loan.;Vo Cong Khanh.;David W Vaughn.;Nicholas J White.;Jeremy J Farrar.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9360期821-6页
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), although confined to Asia, causes about 35000-50000 cases and 10000 deaths every year, and is the most important cause of encephalitis worldwide. There is no known antiviral treatment for any flavivirus. Results from in-vitro studies and work in animals have shown inteferon alfa has antiviral activity on Japanese encephalitis and other flaviviruses; therefore, we aimed to assess the efficacy of inteferon alfa-2a in Japanese encephalitis.
2152. Effect of short-term treatment with azithromycin on recurrent ischaemic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Azithromycin in Acute Coronary Syndrome (AZACS) trial: a randomised controlled trial.
作者: Bojan Cercek.;Prediman K Shah.;Marko Noc.;Doron Zahger.;Uwe Zeymer.;Shlomi Matetzky.;Gerald Maurer.;Peter Mahrer.; .
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9360期809-13页
There is serological and epidemiological evidence of an association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and coronary artery disease. Results of previous smaller studies have indicated a reduction of recurrent ischaemic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome when given macrolide antibiotics. We aimed to assess whether short-term treatment with the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin reduces recurrent ischaemic events in patients admitted for unstable angina or myocardial infarction.
2153. 1-year retention and social function after buprenorphine-assisted relapse prevention treatment for heroin dependence in Sweden: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Johan Kakko.;Kerstin Dybrandt Svanborg.;Mary Jeanne Kreek.;Markus Heilig.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9358期662-8页
The partial opiate-receptor agonist buprenorphine has been suggested for treatment of heroin dependence, but there are few long-term and placebo-controlled studies of its effectiveness. We aimed to assess the 1-year efficacy of buprenorphine in combination with intensive psychosocial therapy for treatment of heroin dependence.
2154. Syndromic management of sexually-transmitted infections and behaviour change interventions on transmission of HIV-1 in rural Uganda: a community randomised trial.
作者: A Kamali.;M Quigley.;J Nakiyingi.;J Kinsman.;J Kengeya-Kayondo.;R Gopal.;A Ojwiya.;P Hughes.;L M Carpenter.;J Whitworth.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9358期645-52页
Treatment of sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) and behavioural interventions are the main methods to prevent HIV in developing countries. We aimed to assess the effect of these interventions on incidence of HIV-1 and other sexually-transmitted infections.
2155. Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: a randomised controlled trial.
作者: Frank Thies.;Jennifer M C Garry.;Parveen Yaqoob.;Kittipan Rerkasem.;Jennifer Williams.;Cliff P Shearman.;Patrick J Gallagher.;Philip C Calder.;Robert F Grimble.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9356期477-85页
N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from oily fish protect against death from cardiovascular disease. We aimed to assess the hypothesis that incorporation of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs into advanced atherosclerotic plaques increases and decreases plaque stability, respectively.
2156. Admission cardiotocography: a randomised controlled trial.
作者: Lawrence Impey.;Margaret Reynolds.;Kathryn MacQuillan.;Simon Gates.;John Murphy.;Orla Sheil.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9356期465-70页
Admission cardiotocography is widely used to identify pregnancies that might benefit from continuous electronic fetal monitoring in labour. We aimed to compare the effect on neonatal outcome of admission cardiotocography versus intermittent auscultation of the fetal heart rate.
2157. Comparison of intermittent and continuous palliative chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised trial.
作者: T S Maughan.;R D James.;D J Kerr.;J A Ledermann.;M T Seymour.;C Topham.;C McArdle.;D Cain.;R J Stephens.; .
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9356期457-64页
Policies of UK clinicians regarding the duration of chemotherapy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer are not consistent. We aimed to compare effectiveness of continuous and intermittent chemotherapy in such patients.
2158. Combined salmeterol and fluticasone in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial.
作者: Peter Calverley.;Romain Pauwels.;Jørgen Vestbo.;Paul Jones.;Neil Pride.;Amund Gulsvik.;Julie Anderson.;Claire Maden.; .
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9356期449-56页
Inhaled long-acting beta2 agonists improve lung function and health status in symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whereas inhaled corticosteroids reduce the frequency of acute episodes of symptom exacerbation and delay deterioration in health status. We postulated that a combination of these treatments would be better than each component used alone.
2159. Intrahepatic arterial versus intravenous fluorouracil and folinic acid for colorectal cancer liver metastases: a multicentre randomised trial.
作者: David J Kerr.;Colin S McArdle.;Jonathan Ledermann.;Irving Taylor.;David J Sherlock.;Peter M Schlag.;John Buckels.;David Mayer.;Dionne Cain.;Richard J Stephens.; .; .
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9355期368-73页
The liver is the most frequent site for metastases of colorectal cancer, which is the second largest contributor to cancer deaths in Europe. We did a randomised trial to compare an intrahepatic arterial (IHA) fluorouracil and folinic acid regimen with the standard intravenous de Gramont fluorouracil and folinic acid regimen for patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, with metastases confined to the liver.
2160. Overview of the main outcomes in breast-cancer prevention trials.
作者: J Cuzick.;T Powles.;U Veronesi.;J Forbes.;R Edwards.;S Ashley.;P Boyle.
来源: Lancet. 2003年361卷9354期296-300页
Early findings on the use of tamoxifen or raloxifene as prophylaxis against breast cancer have been mixed; we update available data and overview the combined results.
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