Immunotherapy has improved outcomes for tumor patients, but only a small proportion benefits due to genetic and immunological resistance. Enhancing its efficacy is crucial. Tumor protein D52 (TPD52), a novel immune checkpoint expressed in T cells, B cells, and NK cells, plays a key role in immune regulation. This research aimed to investigate the prognostic value of TPD52 in gastric cancer (GC) and explore its biological functions. We analyzed the TCGA and GEO dataset to assess the transcriptional expression, prognostic significance, immune infiltration, and related biological functions of TPD52. Biological functions of TPD52 in GC cells were studied using CCK-8, colony formation, and transwell assays, while quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess TPD52 expression in the serum of GC patients. ROC analysis evaluated its diagnostic efficiency for GC. Results showed that TPD52 was dysregulated in most tumors and adjacent normal tissues, significantly impacting prognosis. TPD52 expression was strongly correlated with immune cell infiltration, tumor molecular subtypes, and immune checkpoint-regulated genes. Elevated TPD52 expression in GC cell lines promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, TPD52 levels were higher in the serum of GC patients, and their combination with CEA and CA199 enhanced its diagnostic efficiency for GC. In conclusion, TPD52 influences immune responses, immune cell infiltration, and tumor malignancy, making it a promising therapeutic target and biomarker for GC prognosis and immune infiltration.

The necessity for bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery (ECS) is still a topic of considerable discussion. The choice to implement mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) is part of the preoperative process, yet there are no established standards in the changing landscape of clinical practice. This comprehensive analysis seeks to assess the effectiveness of MBP in ECS, offering valuable insights for informed clinical decision-making.

Hyperthyroidism complicated by liver failure is associated with high mortality, and the optimal treatment strategy remains unclear. We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of patients who received different treatments for hyperthyroidism and liver failure.

For patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who develop secondary loss of response (SLR) to infliximab (IFX), it remains unclear whether IFX optimization or direct conversion to ustekinumab (UST) offers better outcomes. This study aimed to identify risk factors for IFX optimization failure and to compare the clinical efficacy of IFX optimization versus UST conversion.

To study the clinical efficacy of infliximab (IFX) in combination with mesalazine in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD).

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders represent a major public health concern, yet data from the UAE remain limited, particularly regarding histopathological trends. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological spectrum and distribution of GI disorders reported to a tertiary care pathology center over a ten-year period. Histopathology-based surveillance offers unique insight into tissue-level patterns often missed by clinical registries.

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a reliable marker of insulin resistance and has been linked to metabolic disorders. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, particularly among older adults. The association between long-term changes in TyG levels and the risk of incident MASLD remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between TyG index trajectories and the development of MASLD in the elderly.

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection can cause chronic, intense inflammation of the gastric mucosa, which can lead to stomach cancer. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a dietary metabolite that increases HP virulence and inflammatory process. In this study, we aimed to find out how serum TMAO, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pepsinogen levels are affected in patients with HP-induced chronic gastritis.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a serious and life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis, contributing a notable percentage to emergency admissions, morbidity, and mortality. There is limited evidence regarding UGIB prevalence and determinants among cirrhotic patients in Ethiopia, particularly in the study setting.

Serum chitinase-3-like protein-1 (CHI3L1) level is significantly correlated with fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. Therefore, we aimed to develop a CHI3L1-based model to predict significant liver fibrosis in the general population.

Endoscopy is the primary method for assessing intestinal mucosal inflammation in postoperative Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, but it is invasive. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between intestinal barrier permeability plasma biomarkers, including serum diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate (D-LA), and endotoxin (ETX), and endoscopic findings in patients who underwent ileocolonic resection for CD and to assess their predictive efficacy.

The Kunshan explosion in 2014 brought about massive casualties and injuries. Gastrointestinal (GI) insufficiency secondary to burn injuries was one of the most critical risk factors. However, the impact of GI insufficiency on burn patients’ survival from the Kunshan explosion remained unclear. Therefore, our study aimed at illustrating how GI insufficiency contributed to all-cause mortality and interacted with other clinical characteristics. The hypothesis was proposed that GI insufficiency functioned as a risk factor for severely burned patients.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastrointestinal disease prone to severe systemic complications, presenting with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Diagnosis depends on serum markers and imaging. Categorized by the Atlanta classification, about 20% of cases progress to more severe forms. Due to its rapid progression and high misdiagnosis rate, early and accurate assessment is crucial. In this study, we aim to construct a deep neural network to provide a scientific basis for the clinical management of AP.

To investigate the clinical factors related to poor prognosis of gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients, and to develop a prognostic model which may provide the guidance for clinical decision-making.

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder that can lead to significant health complications and economic burdens resulting from delayed diagnosis. This study aims to estimate the potential costs associated with delayed CD diagnosis in Iran.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide due to its aggressive nature and high metastatic potential. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), characterized by covalently closed loop structures and high molecular stability, have emerged as important regulatory molecules in cancer biology. However, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of most circRNAs in GC remain largely unexplored.

To evaluate the effect of a novel-designed colonoscopic distal attachment on the diagnosis of polyps during colonoscopy.

To analyze the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection degree and miR-155 and miR-543 expression levels in gastric cancer (GC).