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182. Anti-Insulin Receptor Antibody for Malignant Insulinoma and Refractory Hypoglycemia.
作者: Soravis Osataphan.;Maria Vamvini.;Evan D Rosen.;Lei Pei.;Natanie Erlikh.;Gurcharan Singh.;Poojaben Dhorajiya.;J Anthony Parker.;Jonathan M Dreyfuss.;Ahmed Rattani.;Mary-Elizabeth Patti.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷8期767-769页 183. Evolution of Partial Resistance to Artemisinins in Malaria Parasites in Uganda.
作者: Melissa D Conrad.;Victor Asua.;Shreeya Garg.;David Giesbrecht.;Karamoko Niaré.;Sawyer Smith.;Jane F Namuganga.;Thomas Katairo.;Jennifer Legac.;Rebecca M Crudale.;Patrick K Tumwebaze.;Samuel L Nsobya.;Roland A Cooper.;Moses R Kamya.;Grant Dorsey.;Jeffrey A Bailey.;Philip J Rosenthal.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷8期722-732页
Partial resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to the artemisinin component of artemisinin-based combination therapies, the most important malaria drugs, emerged in Southeast Asia and now threatens East Africa. Partial resistance, which manifests as delayed clearance after therapy, is mediated principally by mutations in the kelch protein K13 (PfK13). Limited longitudinal data are available on the emergence and spread of artemisinin resistance in Africa.
184. Single-Agent Divarasib (GDC-6036) in Solid Tumors with a KRAS G12C Mutation.
作者: Adrian Sacher.;Patricia LoRusso.;Manish R Patel.;Wilson H Miller.;Elena Garralda.;Martin D Forster.;Armando Santoro.;Alejandro Falcon.;Tae Won Kim.;Luis Paz-Ares.;Samantha Bowyer.;Maria de Miguel.;Sae-Won Han.;Matthew G Krebs.;Jong-Seok Lee.;Michael L Cheng.;Kathryn Arbour.;Erminia Massarelli.;Yoonha Choi.;Zhen Shi.;Sandhya Mandlekar.;Mark T Lin.;Stephanie Royer-Joo.;Julie Chang.;Neekesh V Dharia.;Jennifer L Schutzman.;Jayesh Desai.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷8期710-721页
Divarasib (GDC-6036) is a covalent KRAS G12C inhibitor that was designed to have high potency and selectivity.
185. SARS-CoV-2 - No Increased Islet Autoimmunity or Type 1 Diabetes in Teens.
作者: Jeffrey P Krischer.;Åke Lernmark.;William A Hagopian.;Marian J Rewers.;Richard McIndoe.;Jorma Toppari.;Anette-Gabriele Ziegler.;Beena Akolkar.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷5期474-475页 187. Health Consequences of Thymus Removal in Adults.
作者: Kameron A Kooshesh.;Brody H Foy.;David B Sykes.;Karin Gustafsson.;David T Scadden.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷5期406-417页
The function of the thymus in human adults is unclear, and routine removal of the thymus is performed in a variety of surgical procedures. We hypothesized that the adult thymus is needed to sustain immune competence and overall health.
188. Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection.
作者: Steven K Grinspoon.;Kathleen V Fitch.;Markella V Zanni.;Carl J Fichtenbaum.;Triin Umbleja.;Judith A Aberg.;Edgar T Overton.;Carlos D Malvestutto.;Gerald S Bloomfield.;Judith S Currier.;Esteban Martinez.;Jhoanna C Roa.;Marissa R Diggs.;Evelynne S Fulda.;Kayla Paradis.;Stephen D Wiviott.;Borek Foldyna.;Sara E Looby.;Patrice Desvigne-Nickens.;Beverly Alston-Smith.;Jorge Leon-Cruz.;Sara McCallum.;Udo Hoffmann.;Michael T Lu.;Heather J Ribaudo.;Pamela S Douglas.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷8期687-699页
The risk of cardiovascular disease is increased among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, so data regarding primary prevention strategies in this population are needed.
190. Potential "Healthy Vaccinee Bias" in a Study of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Covid-19. Reply.
作者: Ronen Arbel.;Ruslan Sergienko.;Doron Netzer.;Ariel Hammerman.;Michael Friger.;Alon Peretz.;Talish Razi.;Hadar Duskin-Bitan.;Shlomit Yaron.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷3期285-286页 191. Trial of the MIND Diet for Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Older Persons.
作者: Lisa L Barnes.;Klodian Dhana.;Xiaoran Liu.;Vincent J Carey.;Jennifer Ventrelle.;Kathleen Johnson.;Chiquia S Hollings.;Louise Bishop.;Nancy Laranjo.;Benjamin J Stubbs.;Xavier Reilly.;Puja Agarwal.;Shengwei Zhang.;Francine Grodstein.;Christy C Tangney.;Thomas M Holland.;Neelum T Aggarwal.;Konstantinos Arfanakis.;Martha Clare Morris.;Frank M Sacks.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷7期602-611页
Findings from observational studies suggest that dietary patterns may offer protective benefits against cognitive decline, but data from clinical trials are limited. The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, known as the MIND diet, is a hybrid of the Mediterranean diet and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, with modifications to include foods that have been putatively associated with a decreased risk of dementia.
192. Trial of Solanezumab in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease.
作者: Reisa A Sperling.;Michael C Donohue.;Rema Raman.;Michael S Rafii.;Keith Johnson.;Colin L Masters.;Christopher H van Dyck.;Takeshi Iwatsubo.;Gad A Marshall.;Roy Yaari.;Michele Mancini.;Karen C Holdridge.;Michael Case.;John R Sims.;Paul S Aisen.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷12期1096-1107页
Trials of monoclonal antibodies that target various forms of amyloid at different stages of Alzheimer's disease have had mixed results.
193. BRAF-MEK Inhibition in Newly Diagnosed Papillary Craniopharyngiomas.
作者: Priscilla K Brastianos.;Erin Twohy.;Susan Geyer.;Elizabeth R Gerstner.;Timothy J Kaufmann.;Shervin Tabrizi.;Brian Kabat.;Julia Thierauf.;Michael W Ruff.;Daniela A Bota.;David A Reardon.;Adam L Cohen.;Macarena I De La Fuente.;Glenn J Lesser.;Jian Campian.;Pankaj K Agarwalla.;Priya Kumthekar.;Bhupinder Mann.;Shivangi Vora.;Michael Knopp.;A John Iafrate.;William T Curry.;Daniel P Cahill.;Helen A Shih.;Paul D Brown.;Sandro Santagata.;Fred G Barker.;Evanthia Galanis.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷2期118-126页
Craniopharyngiomas, primary brain tumors of the pituitary-hypothalamic axis, can cause clinically significant sequelae. Treatment with the use of surgery, radiation, or both is often associated with substantial morbidity related to vision loss, neuroendocrine dysfunction, and memory loss. Genotyping has shown that more than 90% of papillary craniopharyngiomas carry BRAF V600E mutations, but data are lacking with regard to the safety and efficacy of BRAF-MEK inhibition in patients with papillary craniopharyngiomas who have not undergone previous radiation therapy.
194. Randomized, Controlled Trial of the FGF21 Analogue Pegozafermin in NASH.
作者: Rohit Loomba.;Arun J Sanyal.;Kris V Kowdley.;Deepak L Bhatt.;Naim Alkhouri.;Juan P Frias.;Pierre Bedossa.;Stephen A Harrison.;Donald Lazas.;Robert Barish.;Mildred D Gottwald.;Shibao Feng.;Germaine D Agollah.;Cynthia L Hartsfield.;Hank Mansbach.;Maya Margalit.;Manal F Abdelmalek.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷11期998-1008页
Pegozafermin is a long-acting glycopegylated (pegylated with the use of site-specific glycosyltransferases) fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) analogue in development for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and severe hypertriglyceridemia. The efficacy and safety of pegozafermin in patients with biopsy-proven noncirrhotic NASH are not well established.
195. A Phase 3, Randomized Trial of Bulevirtide in Chronic Hepatitis D.
作者: Heiner Wedemeyer.;Soo Aleman.;Maurizia Rossana Brunetto.;Antje Blank.;Pietro Andreone.;Pavel Bogomolov.;Vladimir Chulanov.;Nina Mamonova.;Natalia Geyvandova.;Viacheslav Morozov.;Olga Sagalova.;Tatyana Stepanova.;Annemarie Berger.;Dmitry Manuilov.;Vithika Suri.;Qi An.;Ben Da.;John Flaherty.;Anu Osinusi.;Yang Liu.;Uta Merle.;Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch.;Stefan Zeuzem.;Sandra Ciesek.;Markus Cornberg.;Pietro Lampertico.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷1期22-32页
Coinfection with hepatitis D virus (HDV) accelerates the progression of liver disease associated with chronic hepatitis B. Bulevirtide inhibits the entry of HDV into hepatocytes.
197. Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide-Based Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis.
作者: Javier Bolaños-Meade.;Mehdi Hamadani.;Juan Wu.;Monzr M Al Malki.;Michael J Martens.;Lyndsey Runaas.;Hany Elmariah.;Andrew R Rezvani.;Mahasweta Gooptu.;Karilyn T Larkin.;Brian C Shaffer.;Najla El Jurdi.;Alison W Loren.;Melhem Solh.;Aric C Hall.;Amin M Alousi.;Omer H Jamy.;Miguel-Angel Perales.;Janny M Yao.;Kristy Applegate.;Ami S Bhatt.;Leslie S Kean.;Yvonne A Efebera.;Ran Reshef.;William Clark.;Nancy L DiFronzo.;Eric Leifer.;Mary M Horowitz.;Richard J Jones.;Shernan G Holtan.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年388卷25期2338-2348页
In patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT), a calcineurin inhibitor plus methotrexate has been a standard prophylaxis against graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). A phase 2 study indicated the potential superiority of a post-transplantation regimen of cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil.
198. Video versus Direct Laryngoscopy for Tracheal Intubation of Critically Ill Adults.
作者: Matthew E Prekker.;Brian E Driver.;Stacy A Trent.;Daniel Resnick-Ault.;Kevin P Seitz.;Derek W Russell.;John P Gaillard.;Andrew J Latimer.;Shekhar A Ghamande.;Kevin W Gibbs.;Derek J Vonderhaar.;Micah R Whitson.;Christopher R Barnes.;Jeremy P Walco.;Ivor S Douglas.;Vijay Krishnamoorthy.;Alon Dagan.;Jill J Bastman.;Bradley D Lloyd.;Sheetal Gandotra.;Jordan K Goranson.;Steven H Mitchell.;Heath D White.;Jessica A Palakshappa.;Alyssa Espinera.;David B Page.;Aaron Joffe.;Sydney J Hansen.;Christopher G Hughes.;Tobias George.;J Taylor Herbert.;Nathan I Shapiro.;Steven G Schauer.;Brit J Long.;Brant Imhoff.;Li Wang.;Jillian P Rhoads.;Kelsey N Womack.;David R Janz.;Wesley H Self.;Todd W Rice.;Adit A Ginde.;Jonathan D Casey.;Matthew W Semler.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷5期418-429页
Whether video laryngoscopy as compared with direct laryngoscopy increases the likelihood of successful tracheal intubation on the first attempt among critically ill adults is uncertain.
200. Preoperative Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.
作者: Deborah Schrag.;Qian Shi.;Martin R Weiser.;Marc J Gollub.;Leonard B Saltz.;Benjamin L Musher.;Joel Goldberg.;Tareq Al Baghdadi.;Karyn A Goodman.;Robert R McWilliams.;Jeffrey M Farma.;Thomas J George.;Hagen F Kennecke.;Ardaman Shergill.;Michael Montemurro.;Garth D Nelson.;Brian Colgrove.;Vallerie Gordon.;Alan P Venook.;Eileen M O'Reilly.;Jeffrey A Meyerhardt.;Amylou C Dueck.;Ethan Basch.;George J Chang.;Harvey J Mamon.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2023年389卷4期322-334页
Pelvic radiation plus sensitizing chemotherapy with a fluoropyrimidine (chemoradiotherapy) before surgery is standard care for locally advanced rectal cancer in North America. Whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) can be used in lieu of chemoradiotherapy is uncertain.
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