This meta-analysis evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of machine learning (ML)-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) models in distinguishing benign from malignant breast lesions and explores factors influencing their performance.

Although some studies report an increased overall survival for patients with pancreatic cancer and blood type O, others show no significant association. Therefore, we sought to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between ABO blood groups and the outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer.

The association between statins and breast cancer-specific mortality and recurrence has been examined in several previous observational studies and meta-analyses. However, potentially important effect modifiers have not often been explored in previous meta-analyses. In this study, an updated systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to ascertain the association between statins and both breast cancer death (BCD) and breast cancer recurrence (BCR).

To compare recommendations across international guidelines on fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) for borderline and malignant ovarian tumors.

There exists substantial heterogeneity in outcomes within T stages for patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC).

Primary hepatic yolk sac tumor (HYST) is a rare, extragonadal germ cell neoplasm that arises in hepatic tissue. This review aims to examine clinical features, diagnostic workup, and medical and surgical interventions in patients diagnosed with primary HYST.

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and detection rate of lymph node metastases (LNM) in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) using the One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification (OSNA) technique compared to conventional pathological methods.

Pituitary metastases (PMs) are rare malignancy manifestations, generally deemed to have an extremely poor prognosis. Differential diagnosis from primary pituitary lesions is often difficult, as their features can mimic those of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs). This study aimed to report a single surgeon's experience in managing PMs and to gather the existing evidence on their clinical and neuroradiological presentation to build a model of 'red flags' that help raise the suspicion of PMs in the context of sellar lesions.

The choice between intracapsular enucleation (IE) versus extracapsular resection (ER) for cervical vagal schwannomas remains controversial due to the challenge of preserving nerve function while minimizing recurrence risk.

Direct comparisons between nab-paclitaxel and solvent-based taxanes are scarce, with inconsistent results from mostly retrospective studies. High-level evidence comparing their efficacy in HER2-positive breast cancer remains lacking. Our study represents the first systematic review and meta-analysis to directly compare the long-term and short-term efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel versus solvent-based paclitaxel in combination with trastuzumab and pertuzumab for neoadjuvant treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer.

Prostate cancer staging is necessary to determine tumor extent. In recent years, new and more accurate imaging modalities that could provide a better framework for patient management have emerged. They are currently incorporated into the prostate cancer guideline recommendations. Clinical practice guidelines are important for implementing clinical research findings and high-quality evidence-based recommendations.

With increasing use of human epithelial growth factor receptor two (HER2)-targeted therapies, outcomes for numerous breast cancer patients have improved. Nevertheless, patients with HER2-positive tumours face a comparatively heightened risk for developing brain metastases (BM), which are often treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Radionecrosis represents one of the clinically most significant adverse events of SRS. However, a knowledge gap remains regarding the effects of concurrent use of HER2-targeted therapies with SRS on development of radionecrosis, given conflicting findings in existing studies.

Endometrial cancer, which affects the lining of the uterus, is the most common form of uterine cancer (96%), and the sixth most common cancer in females worldwide, accounting for 4.5% of all cancers in females. In 2022, there were 420,242 cases of uterine cancer and 97,704 deaths from the disease worldwide. Most women have early-stage endometrial cancer at diagnosis. Traditionally, surgical staging included removal of all lymph nodes (lymphadenectomy) in the pelvis (pelvic lymphadenectomy) with or without para-aortic areas (pelvic/para-aortic lymphadenectomy), to determine the need for further treatment. However, rates of lymph node involvement are relatively low and may be predicted by uterine histopathology and molecular markers. Lymphadenectomy carries a significant risk of long-term morbidity from lymphoedema and previous studies comparing pelvic lymphadenectomy with no lymphadenectomy found no survival benefit. Detecting the first draining lymph node(s) from each side of the uterus, called sentinel lymph node biopsy, can replace lymphadenectomy in terms of accuracy of detecting nodes, but no studies have shown whether sentinel lymph node biopsy is beneficial to women, despite its wide use.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the female genital tract are rare, comprising only 1-2% of gynecologic tumors, with ovarian neuroendocrine carcinoma (O-NEC) accounting for less than 1% of all ovarian cancers. Despite its rarity, O-NEC is a highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis and significant diagnostic complexity, warranting focused clinical attention and demand greater awareness to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Whether seizure presentation in patients afflicted with primary brain tumors (PBT) is associated with clinical prognosis remains an open question. We explore this association using the Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD).

IntroductionTissue-equivalent boluses are used to increase the skin surface dose in patients with breast cancer undergoing postmastectomy radiotherapy. Boluses made from various materials have been developed and applied in clinical practice. However, there is currently no international standardization for their use. This study aimed to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of using compensatory membranes (boluses), identify the optimal patient population for their postoperative application, and determine the most suitable types of compensatory membranes for use in postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer.MethodsThis study includes a systematic literature review of sources such as websites, books, and articles from January 2013 to December 2023. We analyzed and compared studies on the use of compensatory membranes in postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer, evaluating differences among various bolus materials as well as the impact of using no bolus. Outcomes such as patient responses and prognosis were also assessed. After excluding abstracts, reviews, and other non-research articles, a total of 32 studies were included in the analysis.Results3D-printed boluses and brass mesh boluses show promise as alternatives to traditional bolus materials, with potential for broader clinical application. The use of a bolus can increase the incidence of acute radiation-induced toxicities, without significant improvements in long-term patient prognosis. For patients receiving chest wall radiotherapy after breast cancer surgery, bolus use may be considered selectively, especially in those with high-risk factors.ConclusionCurrently, there is no unified standard for bolus use in breast cancer patients undergoing chest wall radiotherapy following modified radical mastectomy. This review provides a critical evaluation of existing literature, summarizing the available bolus materials and their influence on radiotherapy outcomes in postoperative breast cancer treatment.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of intraoperative fluorescence imaging in assisting tumor localization and margin delineation during liver resection surgery, with the goal of improving the negative surgical margin rate and overall margin status.

TERT gene mutations play critical roles in tumor progression and have important implications in several solid tumors, including thyroid carcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the association between TERT promoter mutations and histology and clinical features of thyroid carcinoma (TC).

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) with FLT3-ITD mutations is associated with high post-transplant relapse rates. FLT3 inhibitor (FLT3i) maintenance therapy following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) has emerged as a promising strategy to improve outcomes in this high-risk population.

Emerging evidence has revealed the potential efficacy of Novel Hormonal Agent (NHA) or chemotherapy in high-risk patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR). However, the optimal drug-based treatment strategy remains unknown.