To carried out a comparative analysis of the risk of complications and oncological results of repeat partial nephrectomy and radical nephrectomy in patients with local recurrence after previous organ-sparing procedures.

To present treatment of primary esophageal melanoma in a young patient, as well as review of modern data on this issue.

Vasoproliferative retinal tumor (VPT) is a term proposed by ophthalmologists in relation to the totality of manifestations of an intraocular volumetric process with involvement of the inner lining of the eye, an integral part of which is the active growth of blood vessels. The available literature data on the morphology of this process are very contradictory and ambiguous. The article presents two clinical cases of vasoproliferative retinal tumor with own illustration of morphological studies.

Primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma with EWSR1-CREB1 fusion is an extremely rare tumor. Its clinical manifestation is unspecific and only molecular genetic method can proof this diagnosis. This paper describes an unusual clinical presentation of primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma in a 68-year-old patient with involvement of both lungs.

Pyloric gland adenomas (PGA) are rare neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. According to the literature, these lesions may be underdiagnosed, and their true frequency of occurrence is underestimated.

A comparative study of detection of breast cancer markers (estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, HER2/neu, Ki-67) by immunohistochemical method with antibodies produced by PrimeBioMed (Russia) and antibodies produced by Roche Ventana (USA).

Study of the features of expression of immune checkpoint proteins PD-L1, CTLA4 and LAG3 in the microenvironment of colon adenocarcinoma depending on MMR status.

Surgical treatment of ventral and ventrolateral meningiomas of posterior cranial fossa is difficult in modern neurosurgery. This is due to peculiarities of approach to these areas and concentration of critical structures (cranial nerves and great vessels). Currently, endoscopic transnasal approach to these meningiomas allows partial, and in some cases, total resection. However, this technique is not widespread.

Primary brainstem gliomas are still poorly studied in neurooncology. This concept includes tumors with different histological and genetic features, as well as variable clinical course and outcomes. Nevertheless, treatment implies radiotherapy without a clear idea of morphological substrate of disease in 80% of cases. Small number of studies and insufficient data on histological and genetic nature of brainstem tumors complicate clear diagnostic and treatment algorithms. This review provides current information regarding primary glial brainstem tumors. Appropriate problems and objectives are highlighted. The purpose of the review is to provide a comprehensive and updated understanding of the current state of brainstem glial tumors and to identify areas requiring further study for improvement of diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Brainstem tumors are an understudied problem with small amount of data that complicates optimal treatment strategies. Further researches and histological verification are required to develop new methods of therapy, especially for diffuse forms of neoplasms.

To describe own experience of treating patients with extramedullary tumors at the level of craniovertebral junction using minimally invasive surgical approaches.

Currently, endoscopic third ventriculostomy and simultaneous biopsy of deep midline brain tumors are a generally accepted option in neurooncology. Nevertheless, effectiveness of this surgery and diagnostic accuracy of biopsy are not without drawbacks. An alternative to endoscopic surgery may be simultaneous microsurgical third ventriculostomy and biopsy of deep midline tumors.

McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome is a rare disease when villous adenoma of the distal colon predisposes to profuse watery diarrhea with subsequent severe electrolyte disturbances and acute renal damage. A differentiated approach to correct diagnosis requires in-depth pathophysiological knowledge of regulation of water-electrolyte metabolism, functional and organic disorders of gastrointestinal tract and clinical manifestations of hypoosmolar dehydration. The peculiarity of the McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome is a 100% probability of death without treatment and complete regression of symptoms under complex correction of homeostasis and total resection of tumor. We demonstrate the main clinical trends of the McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome. This report may be useful for general practitioners, gastroenterologists, oncologists, nephrologists and anesthesiologists.

Surgery of locally advanced neuroblastoma with risk factors is one of the most difficult in pediatric surgery. Incidence of nephrectomy during subtotal or complete tumor resection is higher due to common involvement of renal vessels. We present a patient with locally advanced retroperitoneal neuroblastoma who underwent heterotopic kidney autotransplantation.

To analyze the effect the LYMPHA technique on the incidence of upper limb lymphedema in patients with breast cancer after complete axillary lymph node dissection.

To evaluate the effectiveness of intraoperative angiography and fluorescence navigation with indocyanine green in reducing the risks of intra- and postoperative complications, as well as resection quality in patients with gastric cancer.

To analyze the incidence and risk factors of regional lymph node metastatic lesions, as well as patterns of lymphatic drainage in early gastric cancer using indocyanine green (ICG).

The article describes a clinical case of a benign tumor from smooth muscle cells - piloleiomyoma. The incidence of leiomyoma in the skin is 3-5% of all leiomyomas. A 27-year-old patient applied to a medical institution with complaints about an intradermal formation in the ear region that occurred repeatedly within 5 months after surgical treatment. After the first surgical intervention, the patient was consulted in various medical organizations, where the following diagnoses were made: «nodular fasciitis», «smooth muscle tumor without signs of malignancy» and «non-epithelial spindle cell neoplasm». According to ultrasound examination, the formation with dimensions of 11×9×5 mm reached the mastoid process of the temporal bone and was characterized by increased internal blood flow. After surgical removal of the neoplasm, taking into account the difficulties of differential diagnosis, an immunohistochemical study was conducted. An accumulation of smooth muscle cells was detected in the surface layers of the dermis under the epidermis by the immunohistochemical study with the use of the marker SMA. A study on CD34 protein revealed a high density of blood capillaries and the absence of its expression in smooth muscle cells. The proliferative index (Ki-67) and mitotic activity (PHH-3) of cells was also studied. The index of proliferative activity was less than 2%, mitoses were isolated. Thus, the results of immunohistochemical study proved the conclusion of piloleiomyoma.

A right aortic arch is an anomaly of prenatal development characterized by location of aortic arch to the right from tracheal-esophageal complex. This variant of anatomy is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed accidentally. We performed open upper lobectomy for cancer of the upper lobe of the right lung in a patient with aortic arch dextraposition. Classical right-sided upper lobectomy in patients with right aortic arch is associated with certain difficulties. The most difficult objective is total excision of lymph nodes because trachea is hidden under aortic arch. A specific complication may be postoperative hoarseness associated with iatrogenic damage to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Surgery for mediastinal tumors is still one of the most difficult in modern medicine. This is due to vital organs and various nature of tumors in this area. Teratomas are relatively rare among mediastinal tumors. However, they have certain features that is important for treatment strategy and management of possible complications. This can complicate diagnostic algorithm, exclude transthoracic biopsy and contribute to active surgical approach even for benign process. Oncogenesis of teratoma has its own characteristics. Tissues of different organs are always present in this tumor. Among these, pancreatic tissue inclusions are rare. A few data in the world literature on the treatment of such patients do not allow to develop a universally accepted algorithm of diagnosis and treatment. The authors present two patients with mediastinal teratoma. The second patient had teratoma with pancreatic tissue. The authors discuss the diagnostic algorithm for similar cases. A special attention is paid to description of possible complications throughout long-term follow-up period. Surgical aspects including the choice of access and local spread of process (adhesions in the area of surgical interest) are considered. The report on the treatment of two patients with rare mediastinal tumors containing pancreatic tissue will be useful for primary care physicians, thoracic surgeons, oncologists and morphologists.

To study the results of surgical treatment in patients with perihilar tumors.