The aim of this study was to correlate the cytological and histological results and evaluate the diagnostic performance of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the management of parotid gland tumors.

Endometrial cancer is the fourth cause of cancer in women in France and is the second most common cancer of the gynecologic cancer after breast cancer with 7275 new cases in 2012. The incidence of this neoplasm tends to increase with population aging, diabetes and obesity's augmentation. In rare cases, a hereditary factor has been described: Lynch's syndrome. The therapeutic management of the patient depends on the endometrial biopsy which specifies the histological type and the histo-prognostic grade as well as the MRI which allow the tumor staging. Within the last decade, improvement in technologies such as genomic, transcriptomic and histological analyses, allowed the establishment of new and finer classifications of endometrial carcinomas. The latest classification proposed by The Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA), has been made routinely applicable through the international consortium TransPORTEC. It consists of 4 groups listed from good to poor prognosis: (1) ultra-mutated "POLE"; (2) hyper-mutated "MSI"; (3) low copy number "NSMP" and (4) high number of copies "TP53 mutated" (serous-like). This integrated characterization combined with mutational data opens new opportunities for therapeutic strategies.

The complement system is a key component of the innate immunity, playing a role in pathogen elimination and in host homeostasis. The complement system has been considered for long time as an anti-tumoral element. However, recent studies showed a pro-tumoral effect of complement and particularly of the anaphylatoxines C3a and C5a in a large variety of tumor types. Complement proteins act on different levels of tumor progression, affecting the tumor cells, the angiogenesis and the immune microenvironment. The impact of the complement system on tumor progression seems to be cancer type-dependent and this has to be taken into account in the establishment of potential biomarkers and development of therapeutic strategies.

Functional endocrine tumors of the pancreas are rare. Among them insulinomas are the most common types. The majority of the patients with insulinoma are between 30 and 60 years of age and 59% of them are women. Most insulinomas are sporadic tumors while 10% of them develop in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and laboratory tests. Preoperative imaging assessment (echo-endoscopy, CT, MRI) is essential for tumor localization in more than 80% of cases. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. We here report the case of a 50-year old patient with high grade insulinoma developed on the anterior surface of the pancreas tail.

The incidence of female urethral cancer is rare and accounts for 0.02% of all women's cancers. It is dominated by epidermoid carcinoma, which most commonly develops in the distal portion of the urethra, extending to inguinal lymph nodes. The diagnosis is confirmed in the distal forms on the basis of uretrocystoscopy with biopsy. Abdominopelvic MRI allows to determine tumor extension as well as its infiltration into tissues and peri-urethral organs. As in superficial tumors of the distal urethra, simple circumferential resection of the urethra associated with resection of the adjacent portion of the anterior surface of the vagina is sufficient. We here report the case of a 59-year old diabetic and hypertensive female patient presenting for irritative lower urinary tract symptoms, associated with vulvar mass. Clinical examination showed mucosal ectropion extending from the urethral meatus associated with extensive local inflammation. The patient underwent wide excision of the ectropion which was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. Abdominopelvic MRI was normal.

We report the case of a 65-year old patient presenting with well-defined nodular basal cell carcinom measuring 5mm in diameter in the right paramedian nasal tip and the superior margin of the nasal wing, near the free edge. The tumor was removed, with resection margin of 1mm. It was associated with multiple hyperkeratotic lesions spread across his face. The patient was a farmer with a past history of massive sun exposure. He lived in rural, mountainous and remote regions. The nasal tumor had evolved very slowly and very gradually in volume. The patient underwent surgical excision of BCC with resection margin of 1mm. We reconstructed the loss-of-substance with a very simple small local flap (Zitelli bilobed flap) which allowed to cover the loss of substance and to close it. The recipient healed well after one month-follow-up of local treatment and dressings. The patient underwent the removal of the sutures on day 10, then he underwent fat dressings with cortisone cream every other day over a period of 15 days.

Peritoneal carcinosis is characterized by ineluctably terminal diffuse spread of abdominal cancer. It is the sign of an advanced disease or a re-emerging disease most often associated with a dark prognosis. Approximately two thirds of all peritoneal carcinomas are of gastrointestinal origin and one third are of non-digestive origin.

Aneurysmal bone cyst is a benign tumor that can affect all bones in the body. It rarely affects the base of the skull. It is usually located at the level of the long bones. We report the clinical case of a 44-year old man treated for a mass in the basisphenoid wrongly diagnosed as invasive prolactin-producing macroadenoma for which he was put under dopamine agonists over a period of 9 months. We adjusted the diagnosis by suggesting aneurysmal bone cyst in the sphenoid bone on the basis of its almost pathognomonic radiological aspect on MRI.

Angioma or hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor which rarely occurs in muscles. It mostly affects young adults. We report a case of intramuscular hemangioma of quadriceps with painless extension contracture of the knee and a mass in the thigh. MRI allowed preoperative diagnosis of intramuscular hemangiomas and, primarily, T2-weighted images allow specific topographic assessment and give an indication to the diagnosis.

Central neurocytomas are defined as neoplasms composed of round, uniform cells, with neural immunophenotypic profile and low proliferation index. They account for 0.5% of intracranial tumors. They usually occur near the foramen of Monro and can cause obstructive hydrocephaly. We conducted a retrospective data collection from records of 12 patients with central neurocytomas in the Anatomopathological Laboratory at the Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, between January 2006 and June 2015. This study aimed to report and describe the radiopathological features of this rare histologic type. The male/female sex-ratio was 1.4. The average age at diagnosis was 22.3 years. The revealing symptomatology was dominated by intracranial hypertension associated with decreased visual acuity and diplopia in all patients. Our study concerned about simple biopsy in one case, subtotal resection in seven cases and total resection in four cases. Histopathological examination showed tumor proliferation with endocrine architecture. Tumor cells are more often small and uniform. Mitotic index was low. Tumor proliferation was associated with fibrillary fundus and vascular network with three types of trees. Immunohistochemical examination was identical in all patients. It showed tumor cells positive for anti-synaptophysin antibodies, chromogranine and NSE. In all patients the radio-pathologic correlation suggested central neurocytoma (grade II - WHO 2016). This study highlights the anatomo-clinical, radiological and evolutionary features of these rare tumors.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or Von Recklinghausen disease manifests as cutaneous café-au-lait spots and neurofibromas. It is one of the most common autosomal dominant genetic diseases. It is extremely variable in its individual manifestation. Cutaneous and neurologic symptoms are the most common manifestations but it can also affect other organs including eyes, bones and other areas. Lisch nodules are the most common ocular manifestations in NF-1. They are asymptomatic small pigmented iris tumors (iris hamartomas) which can help suggest the diagnosis of NF1 as they are characteristic of this disease and mostly occur in adult patients. We report the case of a 45-year old female patient followed for a neurofibromatosis type 1 retained on the presence of multiple cutaneous café-au-lait spots and neurofibromas. Ophthalmologic examination showed visual acuity of 10/10 P3 in both eyes. Biomicroscopic examination showed Lisch nodules of the iris in both eyes (A,B).

Despite new therapeutics options, Prostate Cancer (PCa) remains a public health challenge because of its high incidence and mortality. Limits in PCa research come from the lack of in vitro and in vivo models that mimic the human disease. Currently, 2D in vitro tissue culture models of PCa are widely used but they present numerous limits. They do not reproduce cellular morphology, tissue architecture, inter-patients and intratumor heterogeneity. Furthermore, they lack two key components of PCa tumors, the tumoral microenvironment and the cancer stem cells. In vivo murine models of PCa cannot be representative of all the genetic alterations known in prostate tumors and they hardly reproduce the pathophysiology of human metastatic progression. Consequently, the physiology of these in vitro and in vivo models do not well represent patients tumors. 3D cell cultures overcome many of these limits by sharing morphologic characteristics with in vivo tumors as well as reproducibility of in vitro models. 3D models of PCa include spheroids derived from tumor cell lines, and organoids, derived from patient. In 3D cell cultures, cell fitness is maintained, the physiological cells-cells and cell-matrix interactions are restored and an extracellular matrix surrounds the cells. Organoids, generated from PCa primary tumors or metastases, allow studies on cancer stem cells and their microenvironment. Moreover, organoids retain genetic integrity of PCa tumors. PCa organoid model is an innovative tool that offers great perspectives of therapeutic screening. In the future, organoids generated from patients' biopsies may also lead to personalized medicine.

We report the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented with a dysphonia. ENT tomography and laryngoscopy showed an endolaryngeal tumoral lesion extended to the right supraglottis. Biopsy of the lesion revealed dense lymphoid infiltrate in the lamina propria, without necrosis or ulceration of the mucosa. The infiltrate showed many CD3+, CD5+, CD4+, CD8+ lymphocytes and plasmocytes. Larger lymphoid cells with cytologic atypia expressed CD56 and cytotoxicity markers such as TIA1 and granzyme B. In situ hybridization for EBV revealed numerous positive cells. The diagnosis of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma was proposed. The primary laryngeal localization of this disease is exceptionally rare. Heavy admixture of inflammatory cells may mimic inflammatory process and delay the diagnosis.

The management of patients with recurrent neck cancer invading the carotid artery is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall survival and healthy survival years (QALY) as well as the patency of carotid revascularization after enbloc tumor resection followed by complementary radiotherapy.