To investigate the cellular immunological effect of mogrosides in mice.

To evaluate in vitro regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene promoter on gene transcription, and construct luciferase reporter plasmid pGL2-PEPCK-Luc.

To study the inhibitory effect of RNA interference (RNAi) on c-myc expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2.

To investigate the mechanism of demethylation therapy of leukemia by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-CdR).

To investigate the effects of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) on dendritic cells (DC).

Many studies showed that high expression of Cyclin E promotes cell proliferation, but contrary data was also reported that cell proliferation didn't decrease with low expression of Cyclin E. In addition, we observed that many tumor cells have strong capability of proliferation with low expression of Cyclins, including Cyclin E. This study was to analyze effect of reduced Cyclin E threshold on proliferation of acute lymphocyte leukemia cell line MOLT-4 to explain the above phenomena.

The accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in Arabidopsis was induced by toxin of Verticillium dahliae (VD-toxin), exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and nitric oxide donor (SNP). The effect of SNP was the most intense. H2O2 level was not increased in Arabidopsis treated with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (NNA). It was identified with the results of DAB staining of H2O2 accumulates in the leaves of Arabidopsis. H2O2 was cytochemically detected in the cells of epidermal hair and the cell wall of vascular parenchyma cell. The results suggest that H2O2 acts as a second messenger to involve the defenses in Arabidopsis induced by SA and NO signal transduction. The relationship of NO and H2O2 signals was likely closer.

Hemorrhagic snake venom specially induces apoptosis of VEC (vascular endothelial cells). Five apoptosis-inducing proteins had been purified and characterized from crude snake venom. Two of these are L-amino acid oxidase (LAO), the others belong to metalloprotease/disintegrin family. LAO catalyzes H2O2 production by oxidizing some plasma membrane proteins of VEC, disintegrins interfere with binding of integrins with their ligands. The expression of p53 and bcl-2 increases during VEC apoptosis induced by snake venom, moreover, the mRNA of bcl-2 is spliced into two fragments. It has been proved that one of adhesion-dependent signal molecules, alphavbeta3, and one of phospholipid signal molecules, PC-PLC (phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C), are involved in above apoptosis-inducing signal transudation pathway. These results throw light on finding out specific component from protein is snake venom. This component is able to induce tumor vascular endothelial cells apoptosis. This review summarized progress of research on hemorrhagic snake venoms.

To explore the correlation between the cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) and the apoptosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cell line (RAEB type) cells induced by aclacinomycin (ACM), the apoptosis of MDS cell line MUTZ-1 cells induced by ACM was analyzed with terminal deoxyribonucleotidy transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. By using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the expression levels of cIAP-1 and cIAP-2 mRNA in MUTZ-1 cells were assayed. The results showed as follow: (1) Using 0.5 micromol/L, 1.0 micromol/L ACM treated cells for 24 hours, the relative expression level of cIAP-1 mRNA (cIAP-1/GAPDH) was lower than those in the untreated cell group (P=0.002, 0.0002, respectively). (2) Using 0.5 micromol/L ACM treated for 6, 12, 24 hours, the relative expression level of cIAP-1 mRNA was 0.95 +/- 0.04, 0.73 +/- 0.05, 0.38 +/- 0.07, respectively and the relative expression level of cIAP-1 mRNA was correlated negatively with the time treated by ACM (r=-0.996, P <0.01). (3) Using 0.5 micromol/L ACM treated for 3, 6, 12, 24 hours, the relative expression level of cIAP-2 mRNA was 1.17 +/- 0.06, 0.91 +/- 0.03, 0.69 +/- 0.07 and 0.00 +/- 0.00, respectively and relative expression level of CIAP-2 mRNA was correlated negatively with the time treated by ACM (r=-0.091, P <0.01). (4) The percentages of TUNEL positive cells were correlated negatively with the relative expression level of CIAP1 and CIAP2 mRNA (r=-0.984, -0.959 and P=0.002, 0.013 respectively) when treated with increasing concentration of ACM. In conclusion, ACM can induce significantly MUTZ-1 cell apoptosis via suppressing expression of anti-apoptotic gene cIAP-1 and cIAP-2 mRNA.

The basic changes are to transform the levels of many genes' transcriptions and translations when methamphetamine is injected into the organism. Those genes enclose four classes: genes intermediating the damages or death of neurons,genes involving circadian rhythms of activity, genes concerning the abnormality of behaviors and some genes difficult to be classified. The transformations of the transcriptions or translations of these genes cooperate to produce many clinic syndromes of methamphetamine-addictors. Moreover, the study of these genes can provide testimonies to forensic identification.

To study the effect of catechin, the active component of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn, on bone marrow cell cycle and the expression of IL-6 and GM-CSF mRNA in spleen cells of normal and marrow-depressed mice in order to clarify the mechanism of hematopoietic-supportive effect of catechin.

To investigate the mechanisms underlying the effect of selenium dioxide (SeO(2)) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and apoptosis-related gene expressions of Bcl-2 and p53 in 3 leukemia cell lines NB4, K562 and HL-60.

To study the mechanism of total Panax notoginseng saponin (tPNS) in regulating the transcription activity of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (heNOS) gene promoter.

To explore the relationship between drug resistance of leukemic cells and the expression of both IkappaB-alpha and NF-kappaB associated with apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in K562 and K562/ADR cells.

To develop an oral vaccine carrying glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP II) and to explore whether it can affect the dosage of pentobarbiturate.

To study the mechanisms of the antitumor and immunoregulation functions of polyporus polysaccharide (PPS).

To establish a new drug screening model based on transcriptional regulation of human high density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor gene CD36 and LIMPII analogous-1 (CLA-1) for discovering up-regulator of this receptor.

To construct inducible expression vector for human granzyme B gene and express it in Hela cell line.

To investigate the effect of ginsenosides of ginseng stem and leaf (GSL) on the transcription activity of glucocorticoid receptor (GR).

Abscisic acid (ABA) was critical in plant seed development and response to environmental factors such as stress situations. To study the possible ABA related signaling transduction pathways, we tried to isolate the ABA-regulated genes through fluorescent differential display PCR (FDD-PCR) technology using rice seedling as materials (treated with ABA for 2, 4, 8 and 12h). In the 17 fragments isolated, 14 and 3 clones were up-and down-regulated respectively. Sequence analyses revealed that the encoded proteins were involved in photosynthesis (7 fragments), signal transduction (1 fragments), transcription (2 fragments), metabolism and resistance (6 fragments), and unknown protein (1 fragments). 3 clones, encoding putative alpha/beta hydrolase fold, putative vacuolar H+ -ATPase B subunit, putative tyrosine phosphatase, were confirmed to be regulated under ABA treatment by RT-PCR and northern blot analysis. FDD-PCR and possible functional mechanisms of ABA were discussed.